MARCO METODOLÓGICO

1. According to Gutmann, molar teeth are most likely to have accessory and lateral canals:

a. Branching from the main canal to form an apical delta b. In the apical one third of the root

c. On the lateral surface of the root d. In the furcation

2. Which of the following statements regarding palatogingival grooves is false?

a. The incidence of palatogingival grooves ranges from 10% to 20% of the population.

b. The maxillary lateral incisor is affected more that the central incisor.

c. The grooves extend apically in varying distances, with less than 1% reaching the apex.

d. Pulp necrosis frequently occurs in teeth with palatogingival grooves because of the lack of cementum covering the dentin.

3. The prognosis for a tooth with a perforation is affected by all of the following factors, except for one. Which is the exception?

a. Location of the perforation b. The time of repair

c. The ability to seal the defect

d. The ability to perform root canal treatment on the remaining canals e. The placement of a post to retain the core after perforation repair

4. Which of the following statements best describes retrograde periodontitis?

a. Inflammation from the periodontal sulcus migrates apically, causing pulp inflammation and eventually pulp necrosis

b. Pulp necrosis occurs, and the toxic irritants cause inflammation that migrates to the gingival margin, creating a periodontal pocket.

c. Irritants gain access to the periodontal tissues at the site of a vertical-root fracture, producing tissue destruction that mimics periodontitis.

d. Pulp necrosis results in the formation of an apical, radiolucent lesion characterized by the loss of the apical lamina dura.

5. Which of the following statements best describes the effect periodontal disease has on the dental pulp?

a. There is a direct correlation between the severity of the periodontal disease and the percentage of pulps that become necrotic.

b. When periodontal disease or the treatment of the disease exposes a lateral or accessory canal, complete pulp necrosis will result.

c. Although periodontitis can cause pulp inflammation and necrosis, treatment procedures have little effect on the pulp.

d. Periodontal disease that does not expose the apical foramen is unlikely to produce significant damage to the pulp.

6. Which of the following statements regarding the primary endodontic lesion with secondary periodontic involvement is correct?

a. Pulp necrosis occurs initially and an apical lesion forms. Apical migration of periodontal disease results in communication between the two lesions.

b. Treatment consists of performing endodontic treatment, which is followed by a 6-month recall examination. If the periodontal component is still present, periodontal therapy is initiated.

c. The primary endodontic lesion with secondary periodontic involvement exhibits a poorer prognosis when compared with the primary periodontal lesion with secondary endodontic involvement.

d. Pulp necrosis occurs and forms a sinus tract through the periodontal ligament that, over time, permits the accumulation of plaque and calculus on the root.

7. Which of the following statements regarding root resection is false?

a. Success depends primarily on treatment planning and case selection.

b. Failures occur primarily because of continued periodontal breakdown.

c. The long-term prognosis for the pulp in teeth with vital-root resection is poor.

d. Endodontic treatment should precede resection of a root.

8. Which of the following statements regarding guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is false?

a. GTR is an effective adjunct to treatment of periodontal disease but has limited value in treating endodontic pathosis.

b. The combined endodontic periodontic lesion has the least favorable prognosis for GTR because of the relationship of the lesion to the gingival margin.

c. Bioresorbable membranes exhibit results similar to nonresorbable membranes.

d. Evidence suggest that GTR enhances bone formation by preventing contact of connective tissue with the bone.

9. A 24-year-old female patient has drainage from the gingival sulcus of her maxillary, right, central incisor (tooth no. 8). Three years ago she relates a porcelain fused-to-metal bridge (nos. 6 to 8) was placed because of a congenitally missing, lateral

incisor. Clinical examination reveals a 12 mm probing defect on the lingual aspect of tooth no. 8. Additional probing depths are 3 mm or less. Pulp testing reveals that no. 6, no. 8, no. 9, no. 10 are responsive to CO2snow. Radiographic examination reveals a diffuse radiolucent area along the mesial lateral root surface extending from the crestal tissue to the apex. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this lesion?

a. Vertical-root fracture b. Palatogingival groove c. Pulp necrosis

d. Periodontitis

e. Osteogenic sarcoma

10. A 51-year-old woman seeks evaluation of swelling of the buccal tissue opposite her mandibular, right, first molar (tooth no. 30). She relates a history of having a full-gold crown placed 2 months ago. She states that she has had pain for the past week and that the swelling began yesterday. Clinical examination reveals swelling in the buccal

furcation area of tooth no. 30. Probing depths are 3 to 4 mm, except for a 6-mm defect in the furcal area of tooth no. 30. Pulp testing with CO2snow reveals teeth nos. 28, 29, and 31 respond. Tooth no. 30 is not responsive. Radiographic examination reveals normal apical structures, however, there is a radiolucent area in the furcation of tooth no. 30.

This area was not evident on the film taken before placement of the crown. Based on this information what diagnostic classification is most appropriate?

a. Primary endodontic lesion b. Primary periodontic lesion

c. Primary endodontic lesion with secondary periodontic involvement d. Primary periodontic lesion with secondary endodontic involvement e. Concomitant endodontic and periodontic lesion