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The need for high availability in business-critical systems calls for robust and proactive system management. The AST2000 service processor supports firmware-resident system management capabilities that enable remote monitoring and system control using industry-standard protocols. Since system management tools reside in firmware, they can be easily upgraded and enhanced at a future time.

The AST2000 service processor and system management tools are IPMI 2.0 compliant. The service processor enables management functionality that includes: system configuration information retrieval; key hardware component monitoring; remote power control; full local and remote keyboard/video/mouse (KVM) access; remote media attachment; SNMP V1, V2c, and V3 support, and event notification and logging. Digital thermal sensors on the processor and the motherboard are used to monitor temperatures, which helps to increase reliability. The service processor continuously monitors and detects errors on these and other system sensors:

• Memory Voltage • CPU Core Voltage • System 3.3V • System 5V • System 12V • CPU Fan • System Fans • CPU Temperature • Chassis Temperature

Administrators can track status information from these sensors and take action before a minor system issue escalates into a serious problem.

Secure access to the service processor and its management capabilities is available in several ways:

• Via a Secure Shell (SSH) command line interface. To access management capabilities through a remote Secure Shell (SSH), a Secure Shell communications application must be available on the remote administrative system.

• Using a Command Line Interface (CLI) with industry-standard keyboard commands and scripting protocols. The Desktop Management Task Force’s (DMTF) Systems Management Architecture for Server Hardware (SMASH) command line protocol is supported over both the serial interface and the secure shell network interface. • Via Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) v3 interfaces for external

datacenter management tools (such as Sun N1™ System Manager, IBM Tivoli®, and Hewlett-Packard OpenView®).

• Using an easy-to-use, web-based graphical user interface. The web-based interface offers a wide spectrum of management capabilities, from retrieving current system configuration data to monitoring the status of key hardware components.

31 Sun Fire X4150, X4250, and X4450 Server Architectures

• Redirecting the managed server’s console to a Remote Console application. The Remote Console application is a piece of layered software that allows remote clients to view the graphical console as though clients were directly attached to the managed server’s video connector. Remote Console allows the remote keyboard, mouse, CD-ROM drive, or floppy drive to be configured to appear as standard USB devices. The Remote Console application is embedded in the service processor, minimizing the need for software installation on remote administrative workstations. For enhanced security, the service processor includes multi-level role-based access, and supports native and Active Directory Service lookup of authentication data. All functions can be provided out-of-band through a designated serial or network interface, virtually eliminating any performance impact to workload processing.

Keyboard/Video/Mouse Over IP

To simplify remote access to management functions, the service processor supports Keyboard/Video/Mouse (KVM) over IP to redirect the server’s video screen, keyboard, and mouse data to a remote administrative workstation via the network.

Administrators can access the KVM-over-IP function in the Java technology-based Remote Console application by using a standard web browser and SSL authentication. The service processor captures keyboard and mouse input and output at the remote workstation and emulates USB-connected keyboard and mouse devices. The Sun Fire X4150, X4250, and X4450 servers then detect these emulated devices and treat them as directly connected interfaces. The service processor captures, compresses, encrypts, and sends the video output to the remote workstation. The workstation subsequently receives and displays the managed server’s video screen. Advanced Encryption

Standard (AES) governs encryption and decryption of KVM control commands to protect the managed server from intervention by a remote hacker.

Virtual Storage

The virtual storage feature of the service processor emulates devices to enable remote storage operations — just as if the units were physically attached to the Sun Fire X4150, X4250, or X4450 server. The service processor incorporates a USB 2.0 device controller that connects to the server’s internal USB host controller. By using the Remote Console application to launch the virtual storage function at a remote workstation, the server detects USB storage device attachment.

32 Sun Fire X4150, X4250, and X4450 Server Architectures

This feature applies to a variety of remote storage devices such as DVD, CD-ROM, and floppy drives, as well as USB flash disk drives and ISO image files. For example, when CD-ROM emulation is enabled, the Sun Fire X4150, X4250, and X4450 servers detect a USB-attached CD-ROM. A target disk placed in the CD-ROM drive of the remote PC becomes accessible by the managed server. To maintain security, the Advanced Encryption Standard governs remote storage transmissions. In addition, administrators can use KVM over IP and virtual storage together to enable remote booting, or to remotely install operating systems, device drivers, or application software.

In-band System Management

Some organizations prefer in-band system management in order to standardize administrative tasks across multi-vendor, heterogeneous environments. Using in-band system management, administrators perform monitoring and maintenance tasks through the host operating system. The Sun Fire X4150, X4250, and X4450 servers provide in-band system management using two methods: IPMI v2.0 with a Keyboard Controller Style interface and IPMI kernel driver, or by using SNMP operating system resident agents. IPMI 2.0 and SNMP V1, V2c, and V3 are industry-supported standards for performing autonomous platform management functions.