MEMORIA CIENTÍFICA DEL SERVICIO DE NEUROLOGÍA 2021

Power tools are either electrically, or pneumatically (air) operated. In both cases they are usually very powerful and can cause serious injury if not correctly used. Therefore, all power tool operators will be instructed/trained in their safe use.

CHECKLIST

a. Only trained workers are to use power tools.

b. Power tools must only be used with all their safety features (such as guards and handles etc.) in place.

c. Power tools will be properly maintained in accordance with the company's Planned Maintenance Inspection Programme.

d. In the case of Electric Power Tools, inspections and repairs will only be carried out by a qualified electrician.

e. Electrical power tools will be of the double insulated type and will bear the manufacturer's label to confirm this. Where item is not double-insulated it will be correctly earthed.

*NOTE: Records of inspections and repairs must be maintained.

POWER /CARTRIDGE OPERATED TOOLS

a. Only trained personnel will use cartridge operated tools. Tests as per manufacturer's requirements will be completed and recorded.

b. Tools are fitted with guard/handle and any other recommended attachments.

c. Operators are wearing appropriate PPE (eye/face protection, ear plugs and gloves).

d. Tools will not be used in congested work areas and where used, ensure that site personnel are not in the line of fire.

e. Supervisors must ensure that cartridge tool fixing methods are to be only used on approved/suitable materials, not;

I. Hard/brittle materials, such as cast iron, glazed tile/hollow tile, glass, face brick or hardened surface steel,

II. Soft easily penetrated materials, unless they are suitably

"backed-up" to prevent pin/fastener from passing through, thus creating a flying missile hazard on the other side.

f. Check operator handling;

I. Tools are not being loaded until required firing time, II. Tools and cartridges are not being left unattended,

III. Hands are being kept well clear of the open-ended barrel/firing point,

IV. Tools are not pointed towards other workers/work areas.

All cartridge operated fixing tools are subject to formal inspections, prior to being used on Site and every month thereafter. Writ-ten records must be maintained with the Safety Officer.

STORAGE OF TOOLS, CARTRIDGES AND. FIXING PINS

Cartridges operated tools will be stored separate from the fixing pins and cartridges. Signatures are obtained prior to issue of C.O.T. and cartridges, a strict control is kept over issue procedures. Records will be kept of number of cartridge strips issued and number of cartridge strips returned.

Spent cartridge strips will not be disposed of by way of incineration of any type.

(There may be an unspent cartridge in the strip)

8.7 GRINDING MACHINES AND ABRASIVE WHEELS

Hazard associated with Grinding Machines and Abrasive wheels is the disintegration of the wheel while in use which can cause severe injury to both user and other workers in the vicinity. To avoid such occurrences the following instructions will be followed;

CAUTION

No person will be allowed to use or service grinding equipment of any type unless they have completed a manufacturer's training course.

PRE - WORK CHECKS

1. Check for damaged parts. All damaged parts are to be replaceeed.

Check for alignment of moving parts, binding of moving parts, breakage of parts, mounting and any other condition that may affect it's operation. A guard or any other part that is damaged should be

properly repaired or replaced by authorised service person. Do not use grinding machine if switch does not turn it on and off when the operator lest go of the trigger.

2. Maintain machines with care. Keep machines clean for better and safer performance. Follow instructions for lubricating and changing accessories. Inspect machine electric cords periodically and if damaged have it repaired by authorised personnel. Inspect extension cords periodically and replace if damaged. Keep handles dry, clean and free from oil and grease.

3. Check the wheel carefully for cracks or damages before operation.

Replace cracked or damaged wheel immediately.

4. Use only flanges specified for this machine.

PPE

1. Use of Safety shields. Use safety spectacles and shields during grinding operations

2. Dress Properly. Do not wear loose clothing. They can be caught in moving parts. Gloves and non-skid footwear are recommended when working outdoors.

USE

1 Ensure that the operating speed marked on the disc is tighter than the operating speed of the grinder.

2. Be careful not to damage spindle, the flange (especially the installing surface) or the lock nut. Damage to these parts could result in wheel breakage.

3. Hold the tool firmly.

4. Keep hands away from rotating parts.

5. Make sure that the wheel is not in contact with the work piece before the switch is turned on.

6. Before using the machine on an actual work piece, let it run for a while.

Watch for vibration or wobbling that could indicate poor installation or poorly balanced wheel.

7. Use the specified surface of the wheel to perform grinding.

8. Watch out for flying sparks. Hold the tool so that sparks fly away from you, other persons or flammable materials.

9. Do not leave the machine running.

10. Do not touch the work piece immediately after operation; it may be extremely hot and could burn your skin.

11. Consider Work Area Environment.

12. Do not use Grinding Machines in damp or wet lotions. Keep work area well illuminated. Do not expose the machine to rain. Do not use in the presence of flammable liquids or gases.

13. Store Idle Tools. When not in use. Grinders should be stored in dry, and kept in locked up cabinets.

14. Do not abuse electric cord. Never carry tool by cord or yank it to disconnect from socket. Keep cord from heat, oil and sharp edges.

15. Do not overreach. Keep proper footing and balance at all times.

16. Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing and when changing accessories.

17. Remove adjusting keys and wrenches. Form habit of checking to see that keys and adjusting wrenches are removed from tool before turning it on.

18. Avoid unintentional starting. Do not carry plugged-in tool with finger on switch. Be sure switch is OFF when plunged in.

19. Keep guards in place.

20. For outdoors use extension cords intended for use outdoors and so marked. Stay alert. Watch what you are doing, use common sense. Do not operate tool when you are tired.

21. Guard against electric shock by making sure that a GFI (Ground

8.8 SCAFFOLDS AND LADDERS SCAFFOLDS

Scaffolding will be erected, altered, dismantled by qualified scaffolders only

In accordance with the good practice and safety regulations.

b. Beyond 2 meters. high, scaffolds shall be provided with adequate hand-railing, ladders and toe boards as well as other security devices such as tying of ropes/ chains to prevent people and/ or tools from falling.

c. The stability of the construction of scaffolding will be checked, on the ground, on the structure and between components of scaffolding. The scaffolding will be braced and secured for stability.

d. The wooden planks which are used for making scaffolding will have a minimum thickness of 38mm and tied/ secured firmly to the scaffolding.

e. Tool belts, tool bags or safety harnesses will be used. All type of portable hand tools will be attached, to the workers to prevent accidental dropping.

f. All scaffold structures will be erected with approved components.

g. Scaffolding will be designed, erected, altered and dismantled only by experienced workmen under the direction of a competent supervisor.

h. Each and every scaffold erected, regardless of duration of use, will comply with the requirements stated.

i. Scaff tag system to be issued. Green for OK scaffolding, red for keep off.

j. An inspection schedule will followed for Scaffolding during erection after erection and during dismantling.

k. All types of ties e.g.: Through ties, Box tie, Reveal tie are to be used to fix the independent tied scaffolding with the existing firm structures.

These ties are not to be removed at any cost.

In the event of strong winds, the Safety Officer will take the decision to proceed or suspend work on scaffolds in consultation with Project Site Manager.

LADDERS

A properly erected platform or stage is much safer to work from than a ladder. As a matter of practicality, the use of ladders should be minimised and only used as a means of access'.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

a. All ladders will be an "approved" type.

b. Ladders will be set on a firm and level footing.

c. Ladders will be set up at a safe climbing angle. The distance between the base of the ladder and supporting structure will be one quarter of it's extended height.

d. Access ladders to working platforms will be firmly secured at-the landing. The ladder must extend at least 1 metre above the landing.

e. Long ladders may require additional securing to prevent swaying or sagging.

f. Access points to ladders will be kept free of obstruction.

g. Vertically erected ladders will have a landing/rest place at every 9 meters.

h. Ladders will not be left unattended near doorways or moving machinery. Ladders to be removed as soon as the work is completed.

i. Only purpose made and approved non-conductive ladders will be used for working on, or near to live electrical wiring and equipment.

j. Damaged, or deformed ladders will be destroyed.

k. When step-ladders are used, the user will not climb above the second step from the top of the ladder, nor will he use the step-ladder top, braces back section as a seat or for climbing.

I. Ladders will not be set on boxes, drums or unstable footings in order to gain extra reach.

8.9 ELECTRICITY

Electrical energy, is used extensively to assist in the construction process.

Electrical shock is a regular cause of death on construction sites.

Fatalities occurs on both high and low voltage electrical supplies, the common causes are:

I

Unauthorized/untrained people.

II

Damaged/faulty equipment,

III

Poor insulation

IV

Inadequate earthing methods,

V

Not following procedures for isolation,

VI

Excavation works,

VII. Persons working too close to 'Live' services

Only designated electricians will be permitted to energize/isolate electrical supplies,(whether permanent or temporary works)

*NOTE: All electrical work will be covered by the Permit to Work System, which will include the Lockout/Tagout System. In this case, the CUSTOMER Permit To Work System shall be complied with.

PROCEDURES a. Equipment

Equipment will be inspected and tested according to Contractors preventative maintenance practices and all recognised standards.

During operation of these procedures, if items are found to be faulty, they will be removed from service immediately. If they cannot be repaired they will be removed from Site. Records will be kept to show such action.

b. Insulation

During routine inspections and tests, the insulation of electrical items will be checked. Where it is found to be damaged or incomplete the item will be removed from service. All wiring will be insulated and where there is a possibility of physical damage the wiring must be further protected by metal conduits or armouring. Insulation will be provided at all locations where it is possible for workers to come into contact with live equipment.

c. Earthing

Earth cables will be tested for continuity and resistance to ensure that they are effective for that particular application. Remedial action will be taken where they

are found inadequate or ineffective. Until such remedial action is taken the item of equipment will be taken out of service.

Earthing or bonding conductors must be of adequate cross-sections area for the safe carriage of any expected fault current for the time it takes the fuse to operate and disconnect the supply.

d. Isolation Procedures

Detailed as a part of the Permit to' Work System. Isolations are intended to prevent accidental contact with live electrical equipment.

Work cannot officially be carried out on electrical systems until a Competent

Person has indicated, in writing, on a work permit, that he has isolated the

system by means of locks, using the lock out/tag out procedure. The person

issuing the work permit must witness the isolation.

e. Work in the Vicinity of Live Equipment

All electrical systems will be labelled by signs indicating live systems.

These will be constructed of non-conducting material and will be clearly visible.

Access below the power lines will be restricted by barriers to where the

"goal posts" are located.

f. Excavations

Excavations normally come under the permit to work system . Where there are known or suspected underground services the work will be regulated by the permit to work system.

The underground service will be uncovered by hand digging first. it will then be clearly marked for the benefit of all workers especially machine operators.

g. Unauthorised and untrained people

Job Safety procedures will indicate the duties of all workers involved.

Job supervision must be adequate to enforce procedures and guard against

unauthorised or untrained workers from performing certain tasks.

Workers will be instructed in how to recognise the tasks they are authorised to undertake and to understand the possible consequences of disregarding regulations.

8.10 PERMIT TO WORK SYSTEM

CEC personnel assigned to supervise works that are required to be executed under permits shall attend the Permit To Work (PTW ) system training course as conducted and organized by Clients. Only those person authorized and trained in accordance with PTW system may supervise works that are to be permitted.

The objective of the PTW is to ensure that written permission and authorization is given to carry out the defined work which is potentially hazardous and that all possible measures are taken to maintain the safety of the personnel and equipment that may be affected by the works.

A copy of the work permit must be given to the foreman, charge hand, or supervisor (PTW certified) assigned to carry out the work for their reference. It shall be displayed at the work location in the approved permit holder.

Please refer to the PTW Procedure of CUSTOMER.

8.11 EXCAVATION

Numerous underground services often exist on construction sites. In such cases, refer to ' Buried Services'. All Greenfield sites should be checked out to ensure no services pass within the area. Local plans should be obtained from all utility units. For "Greenfield" areas, follow the general requirements listed below;

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (CHECK LIST)

a. During excavation work, if underground utilities marker tiles or identification tape markers are exposed, all excavation work must immediately stop and -Electrical In-charge/ Yard Superintendent, responsible for the work must be notified at once.

b. All excavations exceeding a depth of 1 meter must be shored, benched or sloped to prevent cave in. For the definition of

"benched" and "sloped" refer to the end of this section.

c. Where excavations are located adjacent to pedestrian or vehicle access ways, warning lights must be provided during the hours of darkness.

d. All excavations will be barricaded to prevent persons from falling into them.

e. A means of safe access and egress will be maintained for all excavations. Sturdy ladders will be secured at intervals not to exceed every 9 meters.

f. Shoring must extend at least 30cm above the top of the excavation.

g. Vehicles, equipment and materials must not be positioned or driven near to the excavation, where they may cause the excavation to collapse.

h. As required by conditions, when excavations cross a roadway, the excavation must be carried out in two parts in order to maintain a means of emergency vehicle access.

i. Spoils must be kept at least 1 meter from the edge of the excavation.

j. When back filling is carried out by either dumpers, front loaders, excavators or other earth moving equipment, all persons must be out of the excavation, or in a safe location. Stop blocks will be placed in situ.

k. When motor powered dumpers and other vehicles operate near the edges of excavations, a ground guide and/or chock log will be used to prevent them driving over the edge. Stop blocks will be placed in situ with spikes to prevent movement.

I. Gas checks will be necessary if the excavation is classed as a Confined Space or if there is change in wind or ground conditions.

m. If the excavation is classed as a confined space, regulations governing confined space entry will apply.

* Benching

A method of protecting employees from cave-ins by excavating the sides of an excavation to form one of a series of horizontal steps, with a vertical rise between steps.

** Sloping (Angle of Repose)

A method of excavating in which the sides of an excavation are laid back to a safe angle to prevent cave-ins. (The safe angle varies with different types of soil, exposure -to elements and superimposed loads. There is no single angle of repose. Soil classification must be identified to select safe sloping and benching methods.)

8.12 FIRE PREVENTION

Fire prevention means taking necessary action to prevent fire and explosion. One of the most important parts of any job plan action is to eliminate the potential of accidental fire and explosion.

When the potential of fire and explosion is removed from the work or activity, a major hazard is eliminated. This prevents injury to workmen, damage or loss to property.

Normally, portable fire extinguishers are adequate on construction sites.

Other fire fighting services, such as use of fire-water mains/hoses or fire trucks will also be needed.

FIRE WARDENS

A Fire Warden and alternative Fire Warden will be appointed for each office and work area. Their names will be posted in visible locations.

The Fire Warden's duties will include;

a. A good understanding of the emergency procedures and phone numbers.

b. Checking that emergency exits are clear, emergency doors are not locked and that there are adequate means of escape.

c. Checking that fire extinguishers are in their proper locations and operational.

d. Checking that rubbish/combustibles are removed from the work area on a daily basis.

e. Checking that all lights and equipment are switched off as required.

f. Reporting all potential fire hazards.

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

a. A multi-purpose class dry powder fire extinguisher will be provided for each and every work area, they will be checked by Supervisory and Safety personnel everyday if used as equipment for a fire watch and in other cases no less than weekly.

b. Fire extinguisher will be well maintained. Used or empty extinguisher will be immediately reserved (refilled) and replaced.

c. The use of any fire extinguisher must be immediately reported to CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES COMPANY's Site Safety Department.

d. Fire extinguishers will not be used as door stoppers.

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

a. Flammable liquid storage areas will require coordination-with the Site Safety Department for risk assessment.

b. The storage transportation of flammable liquids will be in approved containers. The contents will be labeled on the container.

c. Appropriate warning/danger signs will be posted around flammable liquid storage areas.

d. A metal funnel will be used to pour flammable liquids.

e. Engines will be switched off during refuelling operations. This instruction will include diesel-engine-driven welding machines

e. Engines will be switched off during refuelling operations. This instruction will include diesel-engine-driven welding machines

In document SERVICIO/ÁREA/UNIDAD NEUROLOGIA (página 53-66)