La memoria como comunicación

something, which has power of spontaneous motion or self-movement. The term “automation” was first introduced by D.S. Harder in 1936, who was then with General Motor Company in the U.S. He used the term automation to mean automatic handling of parts between progressive production processes.

Definition: According to Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, “automation is the technology concerned with the design and development of process and system that minimize the necessity of human intervention in operation” (Kent, 1977). According to McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology automation as “a coined word having no precise generally accepted technical meaning but widely used to imply the concept, development, or use of highly automatic machinery or control systems” (McGraw, 1982). Webster‟s Third new International Dictionary of English Language Automation is defined as “automatically controlled operation of an apparatus, process or system by mechanical or electronic device that takes place of human organs of observation, effort and decision”. (Gove, 1966) According to the Oxford English Dictionary automation as “application of automatic control to any branch of industry or science by extension, the use of electronic or mechanical devices to replace human labor”. (Simpson & Weiner, 1989). Library automation, stated in single term, is the application of computers and utilization of computer based product and services in the performance of different library operations and functions in provision of various services and production of output products. Library automation may be defined as the application of automatic and semiautomatic data processing machines (computers) to perform traditional library housekeeping activities such as acquisition, circulation, cataloguing and reference and serials control. Today “Library Automation” is by far the most commonly used terms to describe the mechanization of library activities using the computer. (Uddin, 2009).

Following are the images to describe concept of Library Automation.

Need And Objectives Of Library Automation: Information explosion has resulted in the production of a large amount of literatures in every field of knowledge. Accordingly the print documents are coming to the library in huge numbers which is not possible for a library to manage the collection

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manually. Now a day no user has time to search the required and relevant information from the dense heap of information collection .They have no time to go shelve by shelve to pick up a book . So it necessitated for library automation. In most of libraries are yet to be automated.

Objectives of Library automation

 To improve over the library collection.

 To have an effective control over the entire operations.

 To share effectively the resources among various libraries at a local, regional, national and international level.

 To avoid duplication and repetitive work/tasks.

 To obtain various services of the existing staff effectively. Need and Importance of Library Automation

 Information explosion.

 Availability of information in various formats (print, non-print, graphical, audio-visual etc.)

 Different approaches and needs of the user.

 Limitation of library (time, space and human power)

 Increasing no of users.

 Speedup of searching for users.

 Better access to the collection.

 Allows easy sharing of resources with other libraries.

 More interface with the library users with other information resources.

 Better facilities for the users as other libraries are also automated.

 Enhances consistency in the collection, streamlines circulation.

 Time saving of clerical and repetitive tasks.

 Ease of maintenances of statistics and overdues.

 Immediate report to the management. Basic Requirements for Library Automation

 Adequate collection  Financial assistance  Hardware  Software  Trained staff  User training

 Maintenance & development Advantages of Library Automation

 Provides users with timely access to various library materials.

 Eliminates routine and repetitive tasks or performs them more quickly and effectively.

 Reduces the amount of time spent on material acquisition, serials, etc.

 Management, budget administration and record keeping.

 Supports new means of information retrieval system.

 Allows library users to use search strategies that exceed those that can be used with card catalogue.

 Also allows library users to search library‟s collection from anywhere locating beyond the boundaries.

 It motivates users equip them with problem solving and information retrieval skills and provides them with the lifelong learning experience.

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 Professional staff need not spend much time to the routine work.

 Eliminates human errors while performing routine library work.

 Cataloguing is faster.

 Excellent control over circulation.

Conclusion: Automation of libraries leads to the increasing speed of all library operations. We can easily handle all the data of the library. It maintains all the statistics and records of library in a proper way and we can retrieve it easily with high speed. Cataloguing of library material is very easy as compared to manually cataloguing and we can easily search the holdings of the library with the help OPAC in a short period. It serves the fourth law of library science “Save the time of the user”. Because Library Automation saves the time of the user as well as library staff.

Bibliography

1. Cholin, V.S., & Prakash, K. (1997, March). Status of Computerization and Networking of University Libraries in India. Paper presented at 4th National convention for Automation of Libraries in Education and Research of INFLIBNET on I.T. Application in academic libraries, Patiala

2. Dhiman, Anil K., (2003). Basics of I.T. for Library and Information Scientist: vol.2.Application in Library and Information science. New Delhi: Ess Ess Publication. 74.

3. Harinarayana, N.S., (1991). Concept of Library Automation. Herald of Library Science, 30, 174-183. 4. Kent, Allen., (1997).Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science. New York: Marcel Dekkar. 19 5. International Journal of Research in Library Science Volume 1 Issue 1,(Jan-June 2015)

6. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/5661/9/09_chapter%204.pdf

7. Patil, Varsha (2013), Library Automation and Networking: Need and Importance of Maharashtra Public Libraries, Journal of Advances in Library and Information Science, Vol.2,No.3. July-Sep., 2013, pp-152- 156 /

8. http://www.clib.dauniv.ac.in/E-Lecture/Library%20Automation.pdf 9. http://www.alibnet.org/public/bookofpaper/ppts/37.pdf

10. Sharma, Pandey S.K., Fundamentals of Library Automation. New Delhi, Ess Ess,1995.

11. Kent, Allen., Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science. New York: Marcel Dekkar, 1977 12. Gove, Webster‘s Third new International Dictionary of English Language, 1966

13. McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 1982 14. Simpson & Weiner, Oxford English Dictionary, 1989

15. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 17, Issue 5 (Nov. - Dec. 2013), PP 20-26 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845.

16. Kumar, P.S.G. Computerisation of Indian libraries. B.R. Publishing, New Delhi, 1977.

17. Kumar, PSG, ―Information Technology: Basic Concepts‖, New Delhi: BR publishing Corporations, 2003, p9-17

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