GRAMMAR a
1 Not only did we see the sights 2 I think he might have got lost.
3 √
4 The waiter probably didn’t notice 5 it’s time you went to bed
6 √ 7 √
8 must be baking
10 I’d rather you came
b
1 to arrive 2 were we 3 to have heard
4 had they got / did they get 5 hadn’t bought
6 be trying 7 started 8 had I seen 9 work
10 you didn’t park
VOCABULARY a
1 bite my tongue 2 beyond her means 3 behind my back 4 cost a fortune
5 spends money like water 6 can’t make ends meet
b
1 slammed 2 whispered 3 whistled 4 sighed 5 rattled 6 screeched
c 1 buzz 2 drip 3 small talk
4 thought-provoking 5 bland
6 fare 7 shares 8 budget 9 fee
10 intriguing
d
1 wealthy 2 implausible 3 tight-fisted 4 penniless 5 vast
6 adhere to 7 profoundly 8 vast
4A
1 c
Braveheart 2 overthrow 3 outnumbered 4 arrows 5 troops 6 victorious
Gone with the Wind 1 Civil War
2 side 3 besieged 4 looted Spartacus 1 weapons 2 forces 3 rebellion 4 defeat 5 casualties 6 capture
e
A spear is longer than an arrow and is thrown. An arrow is shot from a bow.
Survivors are people who are not killed in a war or accident. Refugees are people who have to leave their homes because of a war or political situation.
A coup is when a small group of people try to overthrow a government or change the political system. A revolution is when the mass of the population try to do so, as in the French Revolution, the Russian Revolution, etc.
A ceasefire is when two sides agree to temporarily stop fighting. A treaty is when two or more sides sign an agreement.
To withdraw means to move to another place for tactical reasons. To retreat means to move away from an enemy because you are in danger.
To defeat sb means to beat them in a war or battle. To overthrow sb means to remove them from power using force.
2 a
noun person adjective verb
capture captive/captor captive capture civilization civilian civil /civilized civilize
execution executioner execute
history historian historical/historic
looting looter loot
rebellion rebel rebellious rebel
siege besiege
withdrawal withdraw victory victor victorious
b
noun person adjective verb capture captive/captor captive capture civilization civilian civil/civilized civilize
execution executioner execute
history historian historical / historic
looting looter loot
rebellion rebel rebellious rebel
siege besiege
survival survivor surviving survive
withdrawal withdraw
victory victor victorious
4 b
The answer is a.
c 1 b 2 c 3 c 4 b 5 c
d
female lead = the woman playing the main part premiere = the first public performance of a film
the final credits roll = when the list of people involved is shown at the end of the film plot = the series of events which form the story
dialogue sequences = a set of conversations screen movies = show films (screen is a verb here)
the big screen = the cinema (you may like to point out that TV is sometimes referred to as the small screen)
period films = films that are set in a particular period of history released = made available to the public
film review = a report in which sb gives their opinion of the film
e
1 released 2 big screen 3 final credits 4 plot
5 premiere
5 b
Joseph Roquemore gave Titanic three stars and the critic agrees. He gave Braveheart five stars and the critic disagrees – he wouldn’t even have given it two stars.
c Titanic
All third class passengers portrayed as brave and good, all first-class passengers as selfish, stupid, cowardly, and evil.
Love story between Jack (third-class) and Rose (first-class) totally improbable because of class segregation on board.
Capt. Smith portrayed as indecisive and useless, which contradicts everything said about him by survivors.
First Officer William Murdoch shown taking bribes, shooting a passenger, and shooting himself. No historical evidence for this (he is said to have behaved heroically).
Braveheart
William Wallace portrayed as poor primitive tribesman – in fact son of rich landowner.
Scottish troops wear blue face paint – they had stopped doing this hundreds of years earlier.
Scottish soldiers wear kilts, which didn’t happen until four centuries later.
William Wallace has romance with French princess, but he never met her – she would have been nine years old at the time.
The famous battle was fought on Stirling Bridge and this is why the Scottish won because the English got trapped. In the film it doesn’t take place on a bridge.
6 a
1 Obviously = the speaker will say sth which is clearly true or easy to understand 2 All in all = the speaker is going to say sth having taken everything in consideration 3 In fact = the speaker is going to say sth which is surprising / unexpected or which
contradicts in some way the previous information
4 Apparently = the speaker is going to give some information about sb / sth which they have heard / read
5 Basically = the speaker is going to give the most important reason (usually without going into details)
4B
1 a
The term self-help refers to guided self-improvement, e.g. economical, intellectual, or emotional, often with a substantial psychological basis. Self-help books are now a very popular genre, and aim to help people to help themselves in diverse areas of life, ranging from losing weight to finding a partner.
b
1 A man is selling The Big Issue outside a department store. He helped a woman to come out through the ‘in’ door, and she then bought a copy of The Big Issue.
3 Yes. He thinks it is a serious theory, not just ‘popular psychology’.
2 a 1 √
2 I was often made to do 3 I want you to finish 4 √
5 √
6 you not finishing / if you don’t finish everything 7 suggest you take the 7.30 train
8 √ 9 √
10 involves me travelling abroad
3 a
1 Would you mind opening the window? It’s a bit stuffy in here.
2 To Victoria Station. And can you hurry please?
3 Could you do me a favour? I need someone to help me with this report.
4 If you’re going to the canteen, do you think you could get me a sandwich?
5 Would you mind asking your parents to come next weekend, and not this one?
6 Could you possible give me a lift to the station? My car’s been serviced.
b 1 a 2 b 3 a 4 a 5 b 6 b
4 c
Two – The Bluffer’s Guide to Psychology and Idiot-Proof Diet.
d
1 D (It has a CD with it…)
2 B (Anita had read many other diet books.)
3 A (Matt has a lot of friends who are into psychology and this book will help him chat to them about the subject.)
4 B (Anita may try the diet.) 5 C (Kate recently got married.)
6 A (Matt intends to read more about psychology, e.g. the gestalt theory.) 7 C (It only gives the man’s point of view.)
8 D (It promises to make you ‘think rich’.)
e
1 Well I have quite a few friends who are into psychology 2 I see myself as a bit of an expert on diet books.
3 According to this book, making a marriage work is entirely up to the wife.
4 …the husband doesn’t have to do anything at all.
5 The wife just has to try to be exactly what her husband wants her to be, and then everything will be just fine.
5 a
2 long-term 3 last-minute 4 duty-free 5 worn-out 6 home-made 7 air-conditioned 8 part-time 9 narrow-minded 10 well-behaved
c
mass-produced short-sighted high-heeled kind-hearted blue-eyed hands-free first-class easy-going left-handed absent-minded
4C
1 a
1 to call, to phone, and to ring 2 a give b make
3 a up
b turn / switch c off
d up e out f through g speak h put 4 a charge b landline c engaged d missed e directory
g pay phones
b
The experiment is to live for a week without a mobile phone. A ‘nomophobe’ is a person addicted to their mobile phone and who gets very stressed if they can’t use it.
c 1 W 2 M 3 F 4 T 5 Th 6 M
e
The result of not having a mobile is that you end up waiting in the rain, or being stood up, or letting people down. Francesca decided she will keep her phone with her all the time and never switch it off.
2 b
/s/ /tʃ/ /z/ /dz/
addiction attachment conclusion arrangement
anxious century decision engaged
condition future occasion journalist crucial switched pleasure message
obsession surgery
officially pressure technician
3 a 1 D 2 F 3 B 4 E 5 A 6 C
b
1 and 4 are third conditionals (if + past perfect, would have + past participle). They are used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past and their consequence.
3, 5, and 6 are second conditionals (if + past simple, would + infinitive). They are used to talk about hypothetical or improbable situations in the present / future, and their consequences.
2 is a mixed conditional (a combination of a second and a third conditional). It refers to a hypothetical situation in the present (If I wasn’t a journalist) and the consequence
it would have on the past (I would never have done the experiment). If I wasn’t could also be If I weren’t with no change of meaning.
4 b
Behavioural addictions are when people are addicted to a certain kind of behaviour, e.g. using their mobiles, having plastic surgery, etc.
Most people think of addictions as being to substances like tobacco, alcohol, or drugs, not to a kind of behaviour.
They can be treated through a stay in a clinic or therapy.
c 1 c 2 b 3 a 4 a 5 c
d
harmless = not causing damage
behavioural addictions = being addicted to certain types of behaviour, e.g. shopping wrecking lives = destroying lives
I feel edgy and tense = I feel nervous, especially about what might happen (also on edge) and not at all relaxed
seeking treatment = looking for treatment
she feels overwhelmingly anxious = she feels completely dominated by her anxiety gave me an enormous high = made me feel extremely pleased and excited, as if I had taken a drug
overcome addictions to gambling and work = was able to succeed in dealing with or controlling the problem
become hooked on anything = (informal) become addicted to anything compulsive behaviour = behaviour that is difficult to stop or control
5 a 1 with 2 to 3 to 4 on 5 with 6 to 7 of 8 for 9 on 10 of 11 on
a
1 Arranging things in alphabetical order 2 Cleaning
3 Checking their hair in the mirror 4 Counting things
5 Healthy eating / ingredients
b A 2 B 1 C 5 D 3 E 4
4 Writing
ANALYSING A MODEL TEXT b
The main argument is given first in the ‘in favour’ section and last in the ‘against’
section.
c
The best introductory paragraph is the first one. It introduces the topic as specified in the title, and engages the reader’s attention by posing the relevant question. Paragraph 2 is less suitable as all it does is spell out the structure of the essay, and paragraph 3 doesn’t quite address the topic as stated in the title, but appears to be more of an introduction to an essay in favour of text messaging.
The third conclusion is the best for the essay, as it sums up what has been said and gives the writer’s overall opinion. Paragraph 1 is not appropriate because it comes down in favour of text-messaging, which does not reflect the content of the essay, and paragraph 2 is the same. It also includes a specific argument not mentioned in the rest of the essay.
d
1 benefit 2 importantly 3 disadvantage 4 drawback 5 addition 6 more 7 only 8 favour 9 result…; lead 10 due
11 balance 12 whole 13 All…all