Metodología catalográfica y de estudio 27

EFA was carried out using SPSS version 18. An important test that needs to be conducted prior to conducting EFA is the KMO and Bartlett's Test of sphericity. According to researchers Chi-Square values computed using KMO and Bartlett's Test should be significant at p-values below 0.05. Thus from Table 5.4 it can be seen that Chi-Square

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value is significant at a p-value of 0.000 indicating that EFA could be conducted on the data.

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .935 Bartlett's Test of Sphericity Approx. Chi-Square 14009.837

df 1225

Sig. .000

Table 5.4 KMO and Bartlett's Test to assess whether EFA should be conducted

Further to conducting the KMO and Bartlett's Test, EFA was conducted the results of which are provided in (Appendix 8, Exploratory Factor Analysis). The highest factor loading was retained and all factor loadings less than 0.3 were suppressed a practice suggested by other researchers (e.g. Tabachnick et al. 2001). Similarly factors were merged (see Appendix 8, Exploratory Factor Analysis) that were having cross loading of items and having similar theoretical concepts. Thus five factors emerged (see Appendix 8, Exploratory Factor Analysis). Factor one had 25 items under it and was further clustered under three variables and these three variables were called MP1, MP2 and MP3. The final list of items distributed under factors is provided in Table 5.5.

No. Description Coding

MP-1 (Factor1)

51. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-1- Identify potential volunteers before events begin.

MP1

52. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-2- Provide role or job description for individual volunteers.

MP2

53. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-3- Actively encourage turnover of volunteers in key position.

MP3

54. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-4- Maintain database of volunteers’ skills, qualifications, and experience.

MP4

55. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-5-Match the skills, experience, and interests of volunteers to specific roles.

MP5

56. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your

organisations ...-6- Develop positions to meet the needs of individual volunteers.

MP6

57. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-7- Actively recruit volunteers from diverse backgrounds.

MP7

58. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-8-Use advertising for volunteer recruitments (e.g. newsletters,

141 internet, etc.).

MP-2 (Factor1)

59. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-9- Encourage volunteers to operate within a code of acceptable behavior.

MP9

60. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-10- Introduce new volunteers to people with whom they will work during the organisation.

MP10

61. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-11- Provide support to volunteers in their roles (e.g. assist with the resolution of conflict).

MP11

62. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-12-Manage the work loads of individual volunteers where they are excessive.

MP12

63. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-13-Assist volunteers to access training outside the organisation (e.g. accreditation training course).

MP13

64. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-14-Cover or reimburse the costs of volunteers attendance at training or accreditation course.

MP14

65. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your

organisations ...-15-Conduct induction sessions for specific groups of volunteers (e.g. supervisor, team leader, etc.).

MP15

66. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-16-Mentor volunteers, particularly when starting in a new role.

MP16

67. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your

organisations ...-17-Provide sufficient support for volunteers to effectively carry out their task.

MP17

MP-3 (Factor1)

68. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-18-Recognize outstanding work or task performances of individual volunteers.

MP18

69. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-19-Plan for the recognition of volunteers.

MP19

70. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your

organisations ...-20- Thank volunteers for their efforts (e.g., informal thank yous).

MP20

71. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-21- Publicly recognize the efforts of volunteers (e.g. in newsletters, special events, etc.).

MP21

72. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your

organisations ...-22- Provide special awards for long serving volunteers (e.g. life membership, etc.).

MP22

73. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-23- Monitor the performance of individual volunteers.

MP23

74. Management practices: In managing its volunteers to what extent do your organisations ...-24-Provide feedback to individual volunteers.

MP24

SATISFAC (Factor2)

75. Satisfaction:-25-My relationship with paid staff. SAT1

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77. Satisfaction:-27-The degree of cohesiveness I experience within the organisation. SAT3 78. Satisfaction:-28-The chance I have to utilize my knowledge and skills in my

volunteer work.

SAT4

79. Satisfaction:-29-The access I have to information concerning the organisation. SAT5 80. Satisfaction:-30-The freedom I have in deciding how to carry out my volunteer

assignment.

SAT6

81. Satisfaction:-31-My relationship with other volunteers in the organisation SAT7 82. Satisfaction:-32-The amount of interaction I have with other volunteers in the

organisation.

SAT8

83. Satisfaction:-33-The amount of time spent with other volunteers. SAT9

MOT (Factor3)

84. Motivation:-34-No matter how bad I've been feeling, volunteering helps me to forget about it.

MOT1

85. Motivation:-35-I am concerned about those less fortunate than myself. MOT2 86. Motivation:-36-I am genuinely concerned about the particular group I am serving. MOT3 87. Motivation:-37-I feel compassion toward people in need. MOT4 88. Motivation:-38-I feel it is important to help others. MOT5 89. Motivation:-39-I can do something for a cause that is important to me. MOT6 90. Motivation:-40-Volunteering allows me to gain a new perspective on things. MOT7 91. Motivation:-41-Volunteering lets me learn things through direct, hands on

experience.

MOT8

92. Motivation:-42- I can explore my own strengths. MOT9

93. Motivation:-43-Volunteering increases my self-esteem. MOT10 94. Motivation:-44-Volunteering makes me feel needed. MOT11

RTN (Factor4)

95. Retention :-45-I plan to continue volunteering at this organisation until end of this year.

RET1

96. Retention :-46-I plan to continue volunteering at this organisation next year RET2 97. Retention :-47-I am likely to be volunteering at this organisation three years from

now.

RET3

RTN1 (Factor5)

98. Retention:-48-I intend leaving this organisation altogether within 12 months RET4 99. Retention:-49-I intend to volunteer in the next 12 months but with a different

organisation

RET5

100. Retention:-50-I intend to cease volunteering at this organisation as soon as another volunteer can be found to replace me.

RET6

Table 5.5 List of factors and items loading on them

The results of the EFA require re-specification of the model. Two models emerged. One model indicates RTN as the dependent variable and the other indicates RTN1 as the dependent variable as two distinct factors have been thrown up during EFA. The redrawn models are provided in Figures 5.5 and 5.6.

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Figure 5.5 Re-specified model with RTN as dependent variable

Figure 5.6 Re-specified model with RTN1 as dependent variable

The re-specified models require re-specified hypotheses.