1.3 Evaluación de Riesgo Ambiental
1.3.2 Metodología de evaluación de riesgo: UNE 150008
ICD-O-3 coding for tumour topography in the pancreas
Topography code Location
C25.0 Head of the pancreas
C25.1 Body of the pancreas
C25.2 Tail of the pancreas
C25.3 Pancreatic duct (Duct of Santorini, Duct of Wirsung)
C25.4 Islets of Langerhans
C25.7 Other specifi ed parts of the pancreas
C25.8 Overlapping lesion of pancreas
C25.9 Pancreas, not otherwise specifi ed
Table A2
Histology groups by ICD-O-3 morphology codes. All are invasive cancers (behaviour = 3).
Histology group 3 or 4 digit ICD-O-3 morphology code
Acinar cell carcinoma 855
Adenocarcinomas 814, 816, 820, 821, 825, 8261, 8262, 831, 843, 849, 856, 857
Carcinoma/malignant neoplasm 800, 801
Cystadenocarcinoma 844, 845, 847
Endocrine tumours 815, 824
Infi ltrating duct carcinoma 850
Mucinous adenocarcinoma 848
Other histology 803, 804, 807, 880, 883, 889, 893, 897, 898, 912
Papillary carcinoma/adenocarcinoma 805, 813, 8260
Undifferentiated carcinoma 802, 823
Note: For the survival analysis by histology type (section 6.2.4) the ‘All other histology’ group refers to all histology groups other than Adenocarcinomas, Carcinoma/ malignant neoplasm and Endocrine tumours.
12 Glossary
ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics
Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia (ARIA)
This report uses the ARIA+ index which has been endorsed by the ABS for remoteness classifi cation.92 ARIA+ is based on road distance to fi ve categories of ‘service centre’, with the smallest service centre having between 1000 and 4999 people. It is assumed that there is a strong relationship between population size and service availability, particularly education and health services,115 but ARIA+ does not provide specifi c information on accessibility to health services. An ARIA+ score ranging from 0 (metropolitan) to 15 (very remote) is allocated to each locality, interpolated to create a 1km grid across all of Australia and then aggregated to the required geographical unit (SLA in this report). The ARIA+ values are allocated to one of fi ve categories of remoteness using cut-off points determined by the ABS (see Table below). The proportion of the population in an SLA in each remoteness category was used to calculate the proportion of cases and deaths in each remoteness category.
Allocation of ARIA+ values to remoteness category
Category ARIA+ score range
Major City 0 to 0.2 Inner regional >0.2 to 2.4 Outer regional >2.4 to 5.92 Remote >5.92 to 10.53 Very remote >10.53 Source: ABS 2003.92
Age-specifi c rate A rate for a specifi ed age group. The numerator and denominator refer to the same age group. It is usually expressed per 100,000 people in the population per year.
Age-standardised rate Age-standardisation is used to adjust for the effect of age when comparing rates in populations with different age structures. In this report, age-standardised rates were calculated by the direct method using the Australian 2001 Standard Population (derived by the ABS from the mid-year population estimate in 2001) or the World Health Organization (WHO) 2000 World Standard Population.
Area Health Service (AHS) Public sector health services in NSW are administered by eight Area Health Services. There are four metropolitan AHS that include the major cities of Sydney, Newcastle and Wollongong. The remaining four AHS cover the regional and rural areas of NSW. The current AHS boundaries were established in January 2005 (Figure 41).
Figure 41
Area Health Service boundaries in 2005
Source: Centre for Epidemiology and Research, Population Health Division.116
Cancer incidence Cancer cases diagnosed in a defi ned population during a specifi ed period. This term is often used to denote numbers or rates.
Cancer mortality Deaths from cancer in a defi ned population during a specifi ed period. It may be used to denote numbers or rates. It only includes deaths for which the underlying cause is attributed to cancer. Persons with cancer that died from another cause are not included in the mortality calculations in this report.
Cases These are individual cancers. A person may have more than one cancer giving rise to multiple
cases in the same person. Second cases in one person are only counted if they are of different histological type or originate in a different organ.
Confi dence interval (CI) The confi dence interval gives the range of values for which there is a specifi ed probability (95% in this report) that the interval contains the true estimate of the variable (rate, proportion, etc).
Degree of spread at diagnosis This is the maximum extent of disease within four months of the fi rst date of diagnosis. This is a summary stage that combines information from clinical and pathological documentation on the extent of disease.
Health Outcomes and Information Statistical Toolkit (HOIST)
HOIST is a data warehouse that stores data collections and analytical tools that are
commonly used in population health and surveillance in New South Wales. It is operated by the Centre for Epidemiology and Research of the NSW Department of Health.
Index of Relative Socio- Economic Disadvantage (IRSD)
See Socio-Economic Index For Areas (SEIFA).
Lifetime risk The lifetime risk is an estimate of the cumulative risk an individual has of developing or dying from cancer during a defi ned lifespan in the absence of competing causes of mortality. In this report, it is calculated using the cumulative rate. The cumulative rate is the sum of the age- specifi c incidence or mortality rates for 5-year age groups (multiplied by the width of the age group). The lifetime risk assumes that throughout the defi ned lifespan the person experiences the same age-specifi c risks as the population used to calculate the cumulative rate.
Relative survival This is the ratio of observed survival of a cohort of people diagnosed with cancer to the expected survival of the cohort based on the New South Wales Life Tables.
Statistical Local Area (SLA) Statistical local areas are geographical areas defi ned by the ABS and are part of the Australian Standard Geographical Classifi cation (ASGC).91 Between census years, the SLA is the smallest spatial unit defi ned by the ABS. SLAs are based on the boundaries of local government areas where they exist. A local government may contain one or more SLAs.
Socio-Economic Indexes For Areas (SEIFA)
These indexes are created by the ABS to rank geographic areas in terms of their socioeconomic disadvantage.93 There are four SEIFA indexes that each measure a slightly different aspect of socioeconomic disadvantage. The Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage (IRSD) was chosen for this report to be consistent with other reports such as the Chief Health Offi cer’s Report.116 The indexes use census data to measure socioeconomic characteristics of people and households in small geographical areas called census collector districts. They are then aggregated (on a population-weighted basis) to other geographical levels including the statistical local area level. It is an area-based assessment and cannot be used to label individuals within an area.