Modo de juego en local - Inicio de sesión

Capítulo 5. Conclusiones y Líneas futuras

1. Inicio de sesión

1.2. Modo de juego en local

standards and laws

The EU regulation has strongly influenced the «Codex Alimen- tarius Guidelines for the Production, Processing, Labelling and Marketing of Organically Produced Foods.» At the same time, the EU also references the Codex Alimentarius Guidelines for the assessment of equivalence under the new import scheme. For imports to the European Union, the general legislative framework for imported products has to be complied with. With the adoption of the EU regulation No. 834/2007, a single govern- mental standard for organic products was established within the European Union. It is equally applied in all the 27 Member States. Within the European Union the free movement of organic products is ensured. However, Member States may apply stricter rules within their territory to organic plant and livestock production, where these rules are also applicable to non-organic production. Some Member States and private organizations have developed their own standards or additional standards complementing the EU regulation. As long as the EU regulation is complied with, there are no limits for applying additional standards on a volun- tary level. In some countries (e.g., Germany, UK and Sweden, the private standards play an important role and traders/importers may request additional certification against these standards. The EU logo may be associated with private logos.

Web information corner, references and sources

Links on requirements and conditions relating to access for organic imports

• http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/organic/home_en: Internet site of the European Commission on organic farming in all European Union languages

• http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/organic/eu-policy_en: Internet site of the European Commission on organic farming with sections on the legislation, logo, European Action Plan and promotion programmes, in all European Union languages • www.fao.org/organicag: Information on organic agriculture by

FAO with detailed country reports including the on legal situation • www.ifoam.org/about_ifoam/standards/index.html: IFOAM

Guarantee system

• www.unctad.org/trade_env/itf-organic/ welcome1.asp:

International Task Force on Harmonization and Equivalency in Organic Agriculture (ITF)

• http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/standards/360/ cxg_032e.pdf

• The Codex Alimentarius Commission and the FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme: Organically Produced Foods, Rome 2007

• www.ifoam.org/about_ifoam/around_world/eu_group/web_ Revision/Revision_info_page.html: IFOAM EU Group Info page on the Revision process of EU regulation 2092/91. • www.certcost.org: European Union project on the economic

analysis of certification systems for organic food and farming

Sources

• Council regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing regulation (EEC) No 2092/91; eur-lex.europa.eu/ LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2007:189:0001:0023:E N:PDF

• Commission regulation (EC) No 1254/2008 of 15 December 2008 amending regulation (EC) No 889/2008 laying down detailed rules for implementation of Council regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with regard to organic production, labelling and control; eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ :L:2008:337:0080:0082:EN:PDF

• Commission regulation (EC) No 1235/2008 of 8 December 2008 laying down detailed rules for implementation of Coun-

cil regulation (EC) No 834/2007 as regards the arrangements for imports of organic products from third countries; eur-lex. europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:334:00 25:0052:EN:PDF

• Commission regulation (EC) No 889/2008 of 5 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with regard to organic production, labelling and control; eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml. do?uri=OJ:L:2008:250:SOM:EN:HTML

• European Commission (2008) Guidelines on imports of organic products into the European Union. 15.12.2008. Rev.1. European Commission, Brussels. Available at http:// ec.europa.eu/agriculture/organic/files/news/download-mate- rial/guidelines_for_imports_en.pdf

• Huber, Beate et al. (2011) Standards and Regulations In: Willer, Helga/Kilcher, Lukas (Eds.) The World of Organic Ag- riculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2011, International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM, Bonn, Germany and Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland, www.organic-world.net/yearbook.html • Schlueter, Marco, Camilla Mikkelsen et al (2009): The New

Organic Regulation for Organic Food and Farming in Europe: EC 834/2007 - Background, assessment and interpretation for stakeholders. IFOAM European Group, Brussels

• 2008 laying down detailed rules for implementation of Coun- cil regulation (EC) No 834/2007 as regards the arrangements for imports of organic products from third countries; eur-lex. europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:334:00 25:0052:EN:PDF

• Huber, Beateet al. (2011) Standards and Regulations In: Willer, Helga/Kilcher, Lukas (Eds.) The World of Organic Ag- riculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2011, International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM, Bonn, Germany and Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland, www.organic-world.net/yearbook.html • Schlueter, Marco, Camilla Mikkelsen et al (2009): The New

Organic Regulation for Organic Food and Farming in Europe: EC 834/2007 - Background, assessment and interpretation for stakeholders. IFOAM European Group, Brussels

2.1 The organic market in Austria

History

The first organic farms in Austria were established in the 1920s, but the real boom phase in organic started in the beginning of the 1990s when in 1991 the Austrian Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry introduced national conversion subsidies through its agri-environmental programme ÖPUL. In Austria, more than two out of three organic farmers are members of one of the organic farming associations. The largest association is Bio Austria, which was founded in 2005, with about 13,000 members.

Production base

Apart from the state, sector organizations, retail chains and food processors also influenced the development of organic agriculture by promoting organic products by linking them to vitality and the preservation of Austrian landscape and culture. Thus organic farming accounted for more than 500,000 hectares in 2009, which was 18.5 percent of the total agricultural area. Austria is expected to reach its target of 20 percent organic land in 2010.

In 2009 most of the agricultural land was grassland/grazing area (66 percent) and arable crops constituted nearly one third of the agricultural land. More than half of arable crops are cereals.

Government support

Austria’s organically managed area continues to grow, but the current demand for organic products often cannot be met. An Action Programme for Organic Farming (2008 to 2010) from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Manage- ment has been launched and is seen as a political declaration of intent to promote organic farming and its products. The Action Programme comprises general requirements and measures to be implemented during the respective years. These measures relate in particular to education and training, schools, extension, research, marketing, public relations work and inspection (quality assurance).

In document Juego serio para terapias de rehabilitación motora y cognitiva con realidad virtual (página 74-88)