La moral y los valores vistos por los niños y adolescentes.

100 4.1.5 Occupational level of respondents

The percentage distribution of respondents (visitors, inhabitants and staff) occupation status in Osun Osogbo world heritage site shows that the highest percentages (39.87%) are unemployed, while the least percentages (5.69%) are teachers. The result analysis of the data indicates that there is a significant association between tourist‟s occupations to the site visitation (Table 4).

4.1.6 Marital status of respondents

Frequency distribution of respondents according to marital status in the site was presented in Table 5. More than half of the respondents (54.43%) were singles while the least percentage was divorcees (2.53). However, there is a significant effect of tourist‟s marital status to site visitation.

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respondent‟s did not engage in site visitation (34.81%) There is no significant relationship between the respondent‟s nativity in relation to their visitation to site (P >0.05) (Tables 6 and 7)

Table 4: Occupational Distribution of Respondents.

S/N Types of

Occupation

Frequency Percentage

1 Civil

Servant

54 34.17

2 Herbalist 11 6.96

3 Business 21 13.29

4 Teaching 9 5.69

5 Unemployed 63 39.87

Total 158 100 Source: Field Survey (2011)

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Table 5: Frequency distribution of respondent’s according to marital status around the WHS

S/N MARITAL

STATUS

FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 Single 86 54.43

2 Married 68 43.03

3 Divorced 4 2.53

Total 158 100

Source: Field Survey (2011)

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Table 6: The Frequency Distribution of Respondents’ Nativities

S/N NATIVITY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

1 Native 78 49.37

2 Non-native 80 50.63

Total 158 100

Source: Field Survey (2011)

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Table7: Visitation to Osun Osogbo World Heritage Site in relation to nativity of respondents.

Visitation Native Non-native Total

Those that engage in visitation

47 56 103

Those that do not engage in visitation

31 24 55

78 80 158

Source: Field Survey (2011)

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4.3: The Awareness of respondents visitation about the site

The level of public awareness on the significance of the World Heritage Site was considered during the study. The significance awareness of respondents in relation to their visitation was observed. This frequency distribution on level of public awareness reveals that 139, 87.97% of the respondents‟ aware of the significance of the site as a World Heritage Site while 19, or 12.03% did not (Table 8). In addition, 73 or 87.95% of the male respondents engaged in visitation and have higher percentage awareness/visitation of the site while 12.05%

was the least percentage of the male respondents that did not (Table 9). From the chi-square analysis awareness had a significant effect to the site visitation (at P < 0.05).

By using the Chi-Square test analysis it is evident therefore that there is a strong significantly different between the respondents‟ visitation in relation to the awareness of the site.

This shows that awareness contributed to respondents‟ visitation to the site. The result reveals that respondents‟ awareness to the site has much percentage than those that did not aware of the site; this might be lack of interest, ignorance or no time. Observation reveals that large numbers of male respondent‟s (52.52%) are more aware of the World heritage site than the female (47.48%).

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Table 8: Level of Public Awareness about the significance of the Site

S/N Awareness Frequency Percentage

1 Aware of the

significance

139 87.97

2 Not- aware of the

significance

19 12.03

Total 158 100

Source: Field Survey (2011)

107 4.4: Visitation of respondents to the site

The percentage distribution frequency of respondents‟ to the site shows that large number of them (87.97%) do engaged in visiting the site as relate to their awareness while (12.3%) did not (Table 9)

The highest turnout of visitors to the site during the study recorded in the year 2006 was due to curiosity of the people visiting the site because of the enlistment of the site to world heritage site. In doing this, the visitation to the site outside pilgrimage and during pilgrimage was analyzed. As a result of curiosity of knowing the site, large number of people visited the grove during and outside the festival from different parts of the country as shown in the pie-chart below

The grove recorded the highest number of tourists in the year 2005, followed by visitation made in 2006 and 2004 respectively while the moderate value was in year 2008-2010 and the least visitation occurred in the year 2007. The annual pilgrimage of Osun festival 2011 shows the physical observation of the local and foreign visitors as plates 11a and 11b respectively.

108 Fig. 3

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Table 9: Visitation of the World Heritage Site in Relation of Respondents’ Awareness.

Visitation/Awareness Male Female Total

Aware/Engagein visitation

73 (87.95) 66 139 (87.97)

NotAware/Donot engage in visitation.

10 (12.05%) 9 (12%) 19 (12.3%)

Total 83 (52.53%) 75 (47.46) 158 (100)

Source: Field Survey (2011)

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Plate 11a: Presence of foreign tourists at the OOWHS during the annual pilgrimage festival Osun-2011.

Source: Field Survey (2011)

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Plate 11b: Pavilion used to accommodate the visitors inside the OOWHS during the annual pilgrimage Osun 2011

Source: Field Survey (2011)

112 4.5: Annual arrest of intruders to the site The site is located in the core of Osogbo city.

The site has been facing various categories of challenges with human conflicts within the support zone communities around the site. Illegal fishing activities in the sacred river water accounts for the highest arrest in number of arrest made in 2011, followed by illegal felling of trees in 2003 and the least number of arrests was in 2007. The penalties attached to each activity of the culprits at the site in the field record (Table 10). The various activities such as illegal grazing and illegal felling of trees have drastic effect on the biodiversity of the site. These were also observed and recorded during the study (plates 12 and 13) respectively.

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Table 10: Annual number of Arrest and penalty in WHS (2001-2011) S/N Years Number of Arrest Nature of offence Penalties

1 2001 Nil

2 2002 Nil

3 2003 6 Felling of trees Two were remanded for

3 months, 4 were cautioned

4 2004 2 Felling of Bamboo Cautioned

5 2005 4 Fishing Cautioned

6 2006 8 Fishing Cautioned

7 2007 1 Felling of trees Jailed for one month

8 2008 4 Felling of Bamboo Cautioned

9 2009 2 Farming and bush

burning

Cautioned

10 2010 2 Felling of Bamboo Cautioned

11 2011 9 Fishing Cautioned

Source: Field Office (2011).

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Plate 12: Herds of illegal grazing cattle activity after drinking from the main river at the buffer