diminishing access to political elites, the latter's refusal to permit greater civic involvement, and continued repression. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract]
214 Booysen, Susan
'New Zimbabwean politics' and the decline of the Movement for Democratic Change-Tsvangirari : public opnion polls posting the writing on the wall / Susan Booysen - In: Transformation: (2014), no. 84, p. 53-80 : tab.
ASC Subject Headings: Zimbabwe; political parties; elections; 2013; political conditions.
The dramatic decline of Zimbabwe's Movement for Democratic Change-Tsvangirai (MDC-T) in the July 2013 elections - to 35 per cent of the presidential vote and 23 per cent of parliamentary seats - was first flagged in a series of 2012 public opinion polls. The elections brought to an end a period of power-sharing government and ended all speculation that some form of inclusive government might be retained post-election. The MDC-T's poor result in Election 2013 followed a decade of valiant resistance against the often underhanded and violent quest by the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) to retain power. Many expected that the MDC-T would continue its upward trajectory and emerge from the period of joint government with a victory over ZANU-PF and be ready to assume power. History unfolded contrarily. The MDC-T's weaknesses in the transitional period were on display while the economy and people's living conditions improved, however marginally, and hope for better conditions prevailed. Under the cover of the unity government ZANU-PF was implementing a recovery strategy that entailed both the direct out-manoeuvring of the MDC-T and policy change that appeared to articulate with citizen sentiments. By all opinion poll indications, and as the subsequent election confirmed, Zimbabwean voters gave ZANU-PF the majority. With the use of polling data, the article traces these attitude changes. The main data set is the series of Freedom House (FH) polls of 2009, 2010 and especially 2012. The article also compares the 2012 FH findings with the results of other 2012 polls. Bibliogr., notes, ref. sum [Journal abstract]
215 Hove, Elizabeth F.
Of witches, babes and wife bashers : images of gender in Zimbabwean tabloids / Elizabeth F. Hove - In: Journal of African Media Studies: (2017), vol. 9, no. 1, p. 163-179 : foto.
ASC Subject Headings: Zimbabwe; journalism; newspapers; gender; stereotypes; images.
"Woman 'auctions' hubby's big organ, sex prowess", "Witches undo act: use herbs to remove the juju they planted in victim's body", or "Woman ditches husband over enlarged manhood" is a typical headline in the popular tabloids, the B-Metro and the H-Metro, in Zimbabwe. A closer scrutiny though into the stories reveals a lot of gender stereotyping: witchcraft, supernatural phenomena, sex, sexual deviancy, love triangles, and sexual
SOUTHEAST CENTRAL AFRICA - ZIMBABWE
violence against women are some of the issues that dominate the tabloids. The portrayal of women and men in these papers enforces certain negative images such as witches, gossips, adulterers and prostitutes. The focus of this article is on the portrayal of gender. This article takes an analytical look to uncover the various images that these papers portray, the argument being that the media plays an important role in the construction of male and female identities and hence these negative images can distort identity, and disadvantage both men and women. A textual analysis of both the H-Metro and B-Metro was done to uncover these images, and the sample was randomly selected from January 2015 to January 2016. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]
216 Madimu, Tapiwa
Responsible government and miner-farmer relations in Southern Rhodesia, 1923-1945 / Tapiwa Madimu - In: South African Historical Journal: (2016), vol. 68, no. 3, p. 366-389.
ASC Subject Headings: Zimbabwe; mining; agriculture; taxation; gold; colonial policy; economic history.
This paper uses miner-farmer relations in post-1923 Southern Rhodesia (present-day Zimbabwe) as a lens to delineate the protean nature of state policy in dealing with sectorial interests of the two foremost primary sectors of the country's economy, highlighting how agriculture eventually toppled mining from the apex position by 1945 - both economically and politically. It discusses how government policies inclined towards supporting farmers and implications thereof to the mining sector, especially changes implemented to cushion settler farmers from the impact of the Great Depression and the levying of a Gold Premium Tax (GPT) on gold producers. The paper will demonstrate how this tax system was detested by gold miners and how it ultimately led to a marked decline in gold mining by 1945. Notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]
217 Ndlovu, Isaac
Language and audience in Brian Chikwava's 'Harare North' (2009) / Isaac Ndlovu - In:
English Academy Review: (2016), vol. 33, no. 2, p. 29-42.
ASC Subject Headings: Zimbabwe; novels; language usage.
Brian Chikwava's novel Harare North (2009. London: Jonathan Cape) is founded on two related linguistic oxymora. First, while it narrates shocking events that impinge on the lives of millions of Zimbabweans, the novel does so through the employment of unrelenting satirical humour. Second, the novel consistently uses broken English as a stylistic device; however, this broken English is a product of a writer who is fully fluent in English. Among other issues, my discussion tries to engage with these linguistic paradoxes that are constitutive of the novel as they relate to the kinds of audience - and in particular the British
SOUTHEAST CENTRAL AFRICA - ZIMBABWE
ways in which the novel can be said to function self-reflexively as a comment on Chikwava himself. Bibliogr., note, sum. [Journal abstract]
SOUTHERN AFRICA GENERAL
218 Berends, Gijs
What does the EU-SADC EPA really say? : an analysis of the economic partnership agreement between the European Union and Southern Africa / Gijs Berends - In: South African Journal of International Affairs: (2016), vol. 23, no. 4, p. 457-474 : tab.
ASC Subject Headings: Southern Africa; SADC; European Union; trade agreements.
After more than 10 years of negotiations, the European Union and six members of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) successfully concluded talks on an economic partnership agreement (EPA). The EPA is a reciprocal trade agreement under the umbrella of the Cotonou Agreement, under which all parties commit to trade liberalisation but under which the SADC EPA countries can exempt sensitive products from liberalisation so as to take account of their level of development. This article explains in detail the contents of the agreement, examines the degree of trade liberalisation, and explores the lesser known provisions of the EPA. The article then argues that part of the agreement's developmental character resides in the numerous provisions that offer benefits to SADC EPA states but not to the EU. It also highlights provisions that could be invoked to help African states in the process of economic diversification. Finally, contrary to some detractors, the article takes the view that policy space for policy-makers remains by and large respected. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]
219 Hofmeyr, Isabel
Special issue: Durban and Cape Town as port cities : reconsidering Southern African Studies from the Indian Ocean / [ed. by Isabel Hofmeyr, Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie & Preben Kaarsholm]. - [Abingdon] : Routledge, 2016. - P. 375-567. : ill., krt., tab. ; 25 cm. - (Journal of Southern African studies, ISSN 1465-3893 ; vol. 42, no. 3) - Met bijl., noten, samenvattingen.
ASC Subject Headings: Southern Africa; South Africa; Indian Ocean; slave trade; international trade; Indians; immigrants; crime novels.
This special issue arose out of a workshop titled 'Durban and Cape Town as Indian Ocean port cities : reconsidering Southern African Studies from the Indian Ocean', held at the University of the Western Cape in September 2014. The collection explores the effect of pre-colonial Indian Ocean slave and trade networks on southern African colonial
SOUTHERN AFRICA - GENERAL
formations. These re-configured geographies, in turn, open up possibilities for drawing new linkages among different southern African historiographies. The articles articulate land- and sea-based systems of labour migration and control, suggesting connections between the inland historiographies of mining and migration, on the one hand, and maritime port cities, on the other (and indeed, between these port cities themselves). The volume raises questions of method and scale, and the introduction touches on problems associated with an oceanic approach (how to factor in the 'sea-ness of the sea'). Contributions: Durban and Cape Town as port cities: reconsidering Southern African Studies from the Indian Ocean (Isabel Hofmeyr, Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie & Preben Kaarsholm); Indian Ocean slaves in Cape Town, 1695-1807 (Nigel Worden); Mozambique Island, Cape Town and the organisation of the slave trade in the South-West Indian Ocean, c.1797-1807 (Patrick Harries); Convicts, carcerality and Cape Colony connections in the 19th century (Clare Anderson); Indian Ocean networks and the transmutations of servitude: the potector of Indian Immigrants and the administration of freed slaves and indentured labourers in Durban in the 1870s (Preben Kaarsholm); Betwixt the Oceans: the chief immigration officer in Cape Town, Clarence Wilfred Cousins (1905-1915) (Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie); The Gold Kings: Sonu smugglers in Johannesburg, Durban and Lourenço Marques, 1890s-1920s (Andrew MacDonald); Family, gender, and mobility among passenger migrants into colonial Natal: the story of Moosa Hajee Cassim (c.1840s-1921) (Goolam Vahed); Rendering the Cape-as-port: Sea-Mountain,Cape of Storms/Good Hope, Adamastor and local-world literary formations (Meg Samuelson); 'The darker side of Durban': South African crime Fiction and Indian Ocean underworlds (Charne Lavery); The politics of conservation in Southern Africa (Andreas Scheba). [ASC Leiden abstract]
BOTSWANA
220 Kamwendo, Gregory
Language issues in the teaching and learning domain at some Southern African Universities / ed. by Gregory Kamwendo and Thabile Mbatha. - Helsinki : Helsinki University Press, 2016. - 59 p. - (Nordic journal of African studies, ISSN 1459-9465 ; vol. 25, no. 2).
ASC Subject Headings: Botswana; South Africa; languages of instruction; mother tongues; writing; science education; higher education.
This special issue of the 'Nordic Journal of African Studies' focusses on language issues in the teaching and learning domain in university education in two African countries in southern Africa - Botswana and South Africa. The papers in this special issue address students' language interactions and how language is used to negotiate learning spaces in two professional programmes at university level. Contributions: Pre-service teachers'