Nuestro municipio: San Juan Totolac,

Theophoric Names

Theophoric Names

Theophoric Names

Theophoric Names

by way of example; some (usually meaning ‘daughter of’ and the like) are used by only one sex. Such names may appear as a compound name of two words (Ram Singh), or may be combined into one word (as listed hereafter).

Gods: Agni, Ganesh, Gauri, Kali, Krishna, Ram, Sita, Vishnu, and so on (there are many Hindu gods, so there is plenty of scope) Male: Das, Kumar, Nandan, Raj, Sevak, Singh, Var

Either: Baksh, Datta, Dev (god) or Devi (goddess), Din, Lal, Nath, Prasad Female: Kumari, Mala, Nandini, Pati, Vallabh, Vati

Male Personal Names

Common: Anand, Damodar, Ganesh, Krishna, Naresh, Niranjan, Rajesh, Ram, Satish, Vijay

Standard: Abhijat, Abhinav, Abhishek, Achyuta, Aditya, Ajay, Akash, Akhilesh, Amal, Amar, Ambar, Ameya, Amit, Amitesh, Amogh, Amol, Amrit, Anand, Anant, Angada, Anil, Anirudhha, Anish, Ankit, Ankur, Anshul, Anurag, Arjun, Arul, Arun, Arvind, Ashok, Atmajyoti, Atul, Avanindra, Avanish, Badrinath, Badriprasad, Balaaditya, Balachandra, Balaji, Balakrishna, Balamani, Balamohan, Baldev, Balram, Bansi, Bhadraksh, Bhagirath, Bhanu, Bharat, Bhuvanesh, Bipin, Brijesh, Chaitanya, Chandra, Chandrak, Chandresh, Charudutta, Chetan, Chhotu, Chiranjeev, Chitraksh, Chittaranjan, Chudamani, Dakshesh, Damodar, Darpak, Daruka, Dattatreya, Deepak, Devanand, Devarsi, Devdas, Devendra, Devilal, Deviprasad, Devraj, Dhananjay, Dhanesh, Dharma, Dhiren, Dhirendra, Dilip, Dinesh, Divyesh, Durjaya, Gajanan, Gajendra, Ganaraj, Ganesh, Girilal, Giriraj, Gopal, Gopan, Gurcharan, Gurdayal, Gurnam,

Gursharan, Gurudas, Haresh, Hari, Harshad, Harshul, Hemadri, Hemaraj, Hiranya, Hiresh, Hridayesh, Indeever, Indradutt, Inesh, Ishan, Jagajeet, Jagannath, Jaidev, Janak, Jasraj, Jasveer, Jaswant, Jawaharal, Jayant, Jaysukh, Jeevan, Jinendra, Jishnu, Jwala, Kalidas, Kamadev, Kamal, Kanan, Kaushal, Kavi, Krishna, Lakshman, Lalit, Lokesh, Loknath, Lokprakash, Madhu, Madhukar, Mahadev, Mahavir, Maheepati, Mahesh, Mandhatri, Manendra, Maniram, Manish, Manohar, Manoj, Matsendra, Meghdutt, Mihir, Mithil, Mithun, Mohan, Mukunda, Nalin, Namdev, Nanda, Nandi, Narayana, Naresh, Natraj, Navnit, Neel, Neelam, Nehru, Nidhish, Nihar, Nikhil, Nilesh, Niranjan, Nityasundar, Ojas, Omprakash, Oorjit, Pankaj, Paramjeet, Paresh, Partha, Pavan, Phanindra,

Phoolendu, Pradeep, Pradnesh, Prakash, Pranav, Prasad, Pravar, Praveen, Pritam, Prithvijaj, Purumitra, Puskara, Raj, Rajan, Rajani, Rajeev, Rajesh, Rakesh, Ram, Raman, Ranjan, Ranjeet, Ravi, Ravikiran, Ravindra, Rishi, Rupak, Sagar, Samir, Samrat, Samudra, Sandeep, Satish, Satyendra, Saurav, Senajit, Shankar, Shatrunjay, Siddharth, Sivam, Sriram, Subodh, Sudhir, Sujit, Sundar, Sunil, Swaraj, Tapan, Tarak, Taran, Tej, Tungesh, Tushar, Udit, Ulhas, Upendra, Uttam, Vachaspati, Vajramani, Vandan, Vaninath, Varun, Vasudev, Vasuman, Vidur, Vijay, Vikas, Vikram, Vimal, Vinay, Viraj, Virochan, Vishal, Vishnu, Vishvatma, Viswanath, Yashodhan, Yashodhara, Yashpal, Yuvaraj

Female Personal Names

Common: Aruna, Gayatri, Indira, Indu, Leela, Mohani, Rohini, Satya, Sumitra, Usha

Standard: Ajala, Ambuja, Amita, Ammu, Amodini, Amrita, Amulya, Anandita, Ananya, Anisha, Anita, Anjali, Ankita, Anuradha, Anurati, Aradhana, Arati, Aruna, Arundhati, Asha, Ashakiran, Ashavari, Avani, Bakula, Bala, Bandhura, Bharati, Bhavani, Bina, Bindiya, Brinda, Chakrika, Chambeli, Chandraki, Charu, Chhaya, Chitra, Chitrani, Damini, Darika, Dashika, Daya, Dayita, Deepa, Deepali, Devaki, Dhanyata, Dhara, Dharini, Dhatri, Dristi, Durga, Gayatri, Hamsa, Harinakshi, Harsha, Harshini, Hema, Hemangi, Hemlata, Himani, Hita, Ila, Indira, Indrakshi, Indu, Induma, Jagadamba, Jagrati, Jahnavi, Janaki, Jaya, Jayashri, Jeevika, Juhi, Jyoti, Kajal, Kala, Kalavati, Kalindi, Kalyani, Kamala, Kamalika, Kanaka, Kanchana, Karuka, Kasturi, Kaumudi, Kavita, Keshini, Kiran, Komal, Krupa, Kunda, Kunjal, Kushala, Kusuma, Lakshmi, Lalana, Lali, Lalima, Lalita, Latangi, Lavali, Leela, Lipika, Lochana, Lona, Madhavi, Madhura, Madhuri, Mala, Malati, Malini, Mallika, Manasi, Manjula, Manushri, Marala, Marisa, Maya, Mayuri, Meena, Meenakshi, Meera, Mohani, Mridula, Nalini, Namrata, Nanda, Nandita, Neela, Netra, Nidhi, Nidra, Nikhita, Nilima, Niral, Nirmala, Nirupa, Nisha, Nita, Niti, Nitya, Nivedita, Padma, Pari, Parinita, Parnika, Pavana, Pooja, Poorvi, Prerana, Pritha, Priya, Puja, Punita, Rachna, Radha, Radhika, Rajani, Rajata, Rakhi, Rama, Ramita, Ranjana, Rashmi, Rati, Ratnavali, Rekha, Revati, Rohini, Roshan, Ruchi, Ruchira, Rudrani, Rujula, Rujuta, Rupa, Rupali, Sachi, Sachita, Sadhana, Salila, Samiksha, Sandhya, Sanjukta, Saphala, Sarala, Sarasa, Saravati, Sarika, Sarita, Saroja, Saryu, Sashi, Satya, Savarna, Savita, Savitri, Shalini, Shanti, Sharada, Sharmila, Sharmistha, Shikha, Shradhdha, Shreya, Shruti, Siddhi, Smriti, Sona, Sonia, Suchitra, Sumana, Sumitra, Sunita, Supriya, Suravinda, Suruchi, Surupa, Sushila, Sushma, Tanushri, Tanvi, Tapti, Tara, Trishna, Trupti, Trusha, Tulasi, Tusti, Udaya, Ulka, Uma, Upama, Urja, Urmi, Urvasi, Urvi, Usha, Uttara, Vaishali, Vajra, Vallika, Vandana, Vani, Vanita, Varija, Varsha, Varuni, Vasumati, Vatsala, Veena, Vidula, Vimala, Vinaya, Vinita, Vinodini, Visala, Yamuna, Yashila, Yashoda

Family Names

Common: Aggarwal, Chande, Chander, Jai, Kumar, Lal, Pal, Raje, Shan, Sharma

Standard: Aggarwal, Anand, Apte, Arun, Bannerjee, Barendran, Bhat, Bhatt, Buhpathi, Chande, Chander, Chandna, Chandra, Chandrasekar, Chandrashaker, Charan, Chatterjee, Chaudhry, Chauhan, Chennapragada, Chhavvi, Chirag, Choudhari, Darisipudi, Darsha, Dawar, Dhawan, Dhiri, Divecha, Durmada, Dutta, Engineer, Gajraj, Gandhi, Ganesh, Gargeya, Ghorpade, Giridharan, Goel, Gopinath, Gowravaram, Guntupalli, Gupta, Gutta, Hemalatha, Huggahilli, Jafferbhoy, Jai, Jana, Janjua, Jayasurya, Jindal, Jitesh, Joshi, Kabir, Kalanadhabhatla, Kambhatla, Kanmani, Kapoor, Kasavaraju, Kaushik, Keshab, Khanderia, Kishore, Kittur, Kola, Koneru, Kosuri, Krishnamurthy, Kriti, Kumar, Kunderan, Kusagra, Lal, Lalit, Lata, Latha, Loy, Madan, Madhana, Mahajan, Mahalingam, Maitryi, Malhotra, Mamgain, Mandar, Mangalwadi, Manjrekar, Manju, Manohar, Mantri, Maruthi, Mati, Mavalvala, Meenakshi, Mehra, Mehta, Mehul, Merchant, Milan, Mittal, Mittur, Mongia, Mrudaya, Mukund, Muqtedar, Muthanna, Muthu, Naagesh, Nagappa, Nageswar, Nagpal, Naini, Nandin, Nara, Naran, Narang, Narasimban, Narayan, Naseer, Nath, Nayak, Neel, Neela, Neelam, Neelesh, Nehru, Nergis, Nigam, Niki, Nimbalkar, Nirmal, Nirmala, Nita, Niten, Nizami, Padmanabh, Pal, Palanisamy, Pancholi, Pandit, Panth, Parmar, Parvin, Patel, Patterjee, Pawan, Pedapudi, Persaud, Phalgun, Polamreddy, Potluri, Prajna, Prasad, Prasanth, Pratyush, Primal, Priyadarshi, Puja, Pundarik, Punj, Puri, Purva, Rabindra, Raghavendra, Rai, Rajabhushan, Rajagopal, Rajan, Rajaraman, Raje, Raji, Ramadhin, Raman, Ramasubramanian, Ramji, Rana, Ranadhir, Ranga, Rangwala, Rastogi, Rathin, Raviram, Rengarajan, Riju, Roy, Rupali, Sadashiv, Sahar, Sahni, Sai, Sailesh, Saini, Salagame, Sameer, Samuel, Sanat, Sandeep, Sangawar, Sandhu, Sankait, Sanu, Sara, Sarangapani, Sarin, Sashi, Sathyanna, Satyavrat, Saxena, Sehgal, Semerkant, Sen, Seshadrinathan, Sethi, Shadilya, Shaina, Shan, Shanbhag, Sharma, Shastri, Shingane, Shivaprakash, Shreeyash, Shroff, Shvetank, Singh, Sita, Smirti, Solanki, Somu, Soni,

Soumodip, Sree, Sreeram, Srikumar, Srini, Srivas, Srivastav, Srivastava, Subbarao, Subrahmanyam, Subram, Subramani, Subramanian, Subudhi, Sudesha, Sudha, Sughavanam, Sukhjinder, Sumon, Sunther, Surekha, Suri, Surti, Susan, Swami, Swamy, Taksa, Tanuj, Tarpana, Thamma, Thirunavu, Thuvaradran, Tirumalai, Tuhin, Tyagi, Ubriani, Uddin, Ujjwala, Upanishad, Uttara, Vaisakhi, Vallurupa, Vaninadha, Varsha, Vasuki, Vedula, Veena, Veer, Vellore, Venkateshwara, Verma, Vibhuti, Vijaya, Vijaysaradhi, Vinutha, Virendra, Vish, Vishnavi, Viswesh, Vyapari, Yamini, Yavar, Yogesh

Many Sanskrit names are still in use in India today. In ancient times the Sanskrit-speaking Aryans used only personal names, with bynames as needed, usually patronymics and metronymics. To indicate caste in their four-caste system, they might

sometimes add a second name or suffix: Brahmin (scholars,

priests) used sarman; Kshatriya (officials, warriors), varman; Vaisya (merchants, craftsmen), gupta; Shudra (peasantry), dasa. For instance, if their castes were to be emphasised, a potter might be called Candra Gupta, a soldier Bahu Varman.

Male Personal Names

Common: Ashoka, Bahu, Candra, Caru, Kalidasa, Narasimha, Puru, Samudra

Sanskrit

SanskritSanskrit

SanskritSanskrit

Standard: Abhicandra, Abhijit, Abhiratra, Abhiru, Acalapati, Acanda, Acyutayu, Adhisvara, Agnidatta, Agnimitra, Agnitejas, Ahima, Ajakasva, Ajata, Ajitabha, Akila, Akopa, Aksata, Alikayu, Amarisa, Anadrishti, Anaghadru, Anangam, Angarasetu, Angaristha, Anirudh, Anuha, Anurag, Apratipa, Apratiratha, Apratirupa, Aradhaka, Aranyakumara, Arghya, Arijit, Arvind, Aryabhata, Asadha, Ashmaratha, Ashok, Ashoka, Aticanda, Atidatta, Atideva, Atisa, Avik, Aviksit, Ayuta, Ayutajit, Bahadur, Bahu, Bahuvasin, Balakrit, Balin, Balistha, Bhabesa, Bhadrabahu, Bhadracaru, Bhagana, Bhajya, Bhavya, Bhoganatha, Bhrigubhumi, Bhuritejas, Bindusara, Birju, Brajamani, Brihaspati, Canakya, Candasa, Candra, Candrabhasu, Caru, Carudatta, Cirakari, Cirayu, Dabhiti, Damati, Damya, Dandavirya, Devaki, Devapi, Devarha, Dharman, Dharmeyu, Dhimant, Dhrisni, Dhriti, Dhritiman, Dhritimant, Dhritimitra, Dhruvas, Dhundhi, Dhvasanti, Dimbha, Dirghadanstra, Dridhacyut, Duli, Durba, Durgama, Durvartu, Dustara, Dutta, Ekada, Ekayavan, Ekdak, Garavant, Gaur, Gauradas, Gauramukha, Gavamrita, Ghujyu, Gopali, Govind, Haran, Hari, Harishkumar, Harsha, Hemanth, Hiranyina, Hiryur, Hridaya, Hridayaja, Itar, Jagnu, Jai, Jaimini, Janghabandhu, Janistha, Janu, Jatya, Jayadev, Jayakar, Jenya, Kajjala, Kalidasa, Kalmali, Kamboja, Kamuka, Kapil, Kapilan, Karmendra, Karnamukha, Kautilya, Ketu, Khanaka, Khayali, Kohada, Kratumaya, Kratuvid, Ksanti, Ksantu, Ksema, Ksemamaya, Ksemari, Kulin, Kumara, Kurcika, Kuruk, Lohitaxa, Mahakarni, Mahavir, Mahendra, Mahinda, Malkiat, Mandhatri, Mani, Mitreyu, Mrinal, Nabil, Naikadrish, Naimishri, Nalin, Nami, Nandin, Naradin, Narasimha, Natha, Nayan, Nikhil, Nirviti, Palin, Pallab, Parahan, Paramjit, Paresh, Prabhu, Pradyumna, Prakaramardin, Pratibahu, Pravasu, Pura, Puru, Purujanu, Pusyamitra, Rajastambhla, Ranavanya, Ranjit, Riju, Ripu, Sabhapati, Sadhasuvak, Sahisnu, Samnateyu, Samraj, Samudra, Saptapala, Sarpamalin, Satyadharman, Satyajit, Shamtanu, Shanti, Shiras, Shirsin, Shrusti, Shrutavid, Skanda, Somakirti, Sudaman, Sudhaman, Sumanjit, Sumnayu, Sundar, Surari, Sushanti, Sushruta, Svati, Tanu, Tarasvin, Tarun, Uccairmanyu, Udhajit, Upaveshi, Upavi, Uttam, Vadanya, Vajabandhu, Varayu, Vasan, Vasu, Vataki, Vidya, Virabahu, Virajas, Virupa, Visri, Vitarka, Vrateyu, Vrijinavant, Yashodharman

Female Personal Names

Common: Amalaa, Datti, Hamsi, Kumaradevi, Prabhavati, Talaa, Vadavaa, Yashodevi

Standard: Abandhakaa, Abhiraksaa, Abjaa, Ahalyaa, Ahilyaa, Ajathyaa, Akasamalaa, Alakaravati, Alambusaa, Amalaa, Amarajaa, Ambaa, Ambalikaa, Ambikaa, Amritaa, Amritamaa, Anandaa, Ananyaa, Angadaa, Anhati, Anindyaa, Anjasi, Anritam, Anubhaa, Apagaa, Apalaa, Arcismati, Arhanaa, Arjaa, Arpanaa, Arundhati, Asadhikaa, Asmaki, Asokari, Asthulaa, Asti, Astriti, Asuraa, Atharvan, Avanthikaa, Badari, Badhirakaa, Balaa, Baladaa, Balajaa, Balaji, Balandharaa, Bandhumati, Bhadraa, Bhagraa, Bhanujaa, Bhanumati, Bhargavi, Bindumati, Bridgnandan, Brihanmati, Cahanaa, Caruhasini, Carumati, Citrai, Citrajyoti, Citramayaa, Citrarati, Cudalaa, Dalajaa, Damayanti, Dasi, Dattaa, Dattadevi, Datti, Devaki, Devamani, Devamati, Devayani, Devi, Devikaa, Dhamani, Dharmini, Dhitaa, Dhiti, Dhulipallaa, Dhumini, Drudhamati, Druti, Dulari, Durgilaa, Gandaa, Gandhajaa, Gargi, Gaurang, Gayathri, Ghosaa, Girismaa, Girni, Gitikaa, Gopaa, Gopacalaa, Gopajaa, Haimini, Hamsi, Harsi, Harsitaa, Harsumati, Hasumati, Ilaksi, Indrahuti, Jagruti, Janaki, Janhitaa, Jatilaa, Jayaa, Jayalaksmi, Jityaa, Kakudmati, Kalamali, Kalandikaa, Kalpavati, Kalyani, Kamaa, Kamadyu, Kamyaa, Kanisthaa, Kanitaa, Karunyaa, Kasturikaa, Khadonmattaa, Khalaa, Khalyakaa, Kiranamayi, Kishori, Kranti, Kuladevi, Kulanari, Kumaradevi, Kumari, Kumariaa, Kumudikaa, Kundalaa, Kundini, Kusumayaa, Kusumitaa, Kuthodari, Kuvarini, Laboni, Lakshmi, Lakshmivati, Madalasaa, Madhiraa, Madhu, Madhumati, Madhur, Malar, Malathi, Malini, Mandaraa, Manikaa, Mantharaa, Maryadaa, Meenaa, Menakaa, Mitravindaa, Mudavati, Musikaa, Nalini, Nandaa, Nimi, Nishchint, Oghavati, Padmaa, Padmavati, Padmini, Pari, Pingalaa, Prabhavati, Pramadvaraa, Pratibhaa, Priyaa, Puramdhi, Radhe, Radhikaa, Rajahidevi, Rajni, Rakesh, Ramadevi, Rani, Rathamtari, Revati, Rochanaa, Rohenaa, Rudraa, Rudramati, Rukmini, Sahadevaa, Sahanaa, Sampriyaa, Saralaa, Sathyaa, Satyaa, Satyabhamaa, Sauraa, Savithaa, Savitri, Sepathaa, Shabanaa, Shalakaa, Shalavati, Shantaa, Shantanu, Sharath, Sharmisthaa, Shyamaa, Shyamalaa, Shyamani, Sudevalaa, Sudharmaa, Sujataa, Sujathaa, Sukanyaa, Sumanth, Sumathi, Sumitraa, Sunandaa, Sunithaa, Suniti, Surjit, Sushilaa, Sushmaa, Suyashas, Swaran, Talaa, Tamrapaksaa, Taraa, Umaa, Umi, Urmilaa, Urvashi, Urvasi, Ushaa, Uttaraa, Vadavaa, Vahyakaa, Varaa, Varangi, Vasundaraa, Vijayaa, Vimalaa, Vimi, Vimlaa, Vishalaa, Yashodevi

In the past only the high-ranking families of Japan had family names and only the males could pass them on. Instead, one or more bynames describing occupation, characteristics, and so on were commonly used. In 1853 the use of inheritable family names was made universal.

Japanese is natively written in the Kanji script, adapted from Chinese characters 2000 years ago. Most family names consist of two Kanji characters. A limited set is used for names, leading to many repeated elements. Some elements were restricted, such as -hito, used only by the imperial family. (You might also want to keep this for the personal names of scions of that house.)

The pattern is the family name followed by a personal name, for example, Sato Ryou, where Sato is Ryou’s family name. Middle names are not used. The son and daughter of Ryou might be known as Sato Yuuta and Sato Ayaka, for instance. Japanese may occasionally switch the order when they deal with

Westeners. A married woman adopts her husband’s family name. The Japanese are sensitive to social status, and honorific suffixes are always used unless addressing friends or social inferiors (which includes anyone younger). The usual one is - san, which equates to Mr, Mrs, Miss, or Ms. You would normally address Fujimoto Akira (family names first, remember) as

Japanese

Japanese

Japanese

Japanese

Japanese

Fujimoto-san. Before family names were used, Akira-san would have been proper. The next grade up is -sama, which equates to Sir or Madam, and would be used for the much respected, high officials, and in the past, samurai and lesser nobility. The highest honorific is -dono, which equates to Honoured Sir or the like, and would be used for the highly respected and greater nobility. Other suffixes include -sensei, an honorific used for one’s mentors or for masters of their professions, -kun, for friends or juniors, and -chan, a diminutive for close friends and children (especially girls).

Pronunciation

PronunciationPronunciation

PronunciationPronunciation

In the transliteration of Japanese used here, you say all the vowels, even the final e’s. The /a/ is long, as in ‘father’. The /e/

rhymes with that in ‘men’. The /i/ is a long /ee/ sound, and /o/ is also long, as in ‘rope’; the /ou/ is slightly longer, but can be written as a single ‘o’ (as in Sato). The /u/ rhymes with that in ‘gun’; the /uu/ sounds like /oo/ but is often written as a single ‘u’ (as in Suzuki). The /ai/ sounds like ‘eye’, and the /ei/ rhymes with ‘hey’. The /g/ is hard, and the /z/ sounds like /dz/. The /f/ is softer than in English. There is no real ‘r’ or ‘l’ sound as such: either letter means a sound between the two, but slightly closer to /r/. Most Japanese syllables end in a vowel. To pronounce Japanese names, just break them into syllables: ‘Kazuki’ is kah- Zoo-kee, ‘Moe’ is Moh-eh, and so on. The pitch falls after a stressed syllable.

Family Names

Common: Hayashi, Inouoe, Itou, Katou, Kimura, Kobayashi, Matsumoto, Nakamura, Saitou, Sasaki, Sato, Simizu, Suzuki, Takahashi, Tanaka, Watanabe, Yamada, Yamaguchi, Yamamoto, Yosida

Standard: Abe, Abukara, Ajibana, Akechi, Amagawa, Andou, Anzai, Aoki, Arai, Araki, Asai, Ashida, Chiba, Chishu, Dan, Doi, Egami, Eguchi, Ekiguchi, Endo, Endou, Enoki, Fugunaga, Fujimoto, Fujita, Fujiwara, Fukao, Fukumitsu, Fukuoka, Furusawa, Fuse, Gensai, Goto, Gotou, Hagino, Hamada, Hanari, Hara, Harada, Haruguchi, Hasegawa, Hashimoto, Hatoyama, Hayakawa, Hayashi, Hida, Hideki, Hideyoshi, Higo, Hike, Hirano, Hiratasuka, Hiro, Hisamatsu, Honda, Horiuchi, Hosokaya, Hujii, Hujimoto, Hujita, Hukuta, Ichimonji, Idane, Iijima, Ijiri, Ikeda, Ikina, Imada, Imai, Inaba, Inoue, Inouoe, Irie, Isayama, Ishibashi, Ishida, Ishiguro, Ishihara, Ishii, Ishikawa, Ishinomori, Isikawa, Isobe, Ito, Itou, Iwahara, Iwasaki, Iwazaki, Kagawa, Kaima, Kajitani, Kamachi, Kaminaga, Kanegawa, Kaneko, Karamorita, Karubo, Kasai, Kasuse, Kato, Katou, Katsu, Kawabata, Kawagichi, Kawaii, Kawano, Kawasaki, Kawasie, Kentaro, Kijmuta, Kikuchi, Kikui, Kimiyama, Kimura, Kinoshita, Kobayashi, Koga, Koguchi, Koizumi, Kojima, Kokan, Komiya, Konda, Kondo, Kondou, Konishi, Koruba, Kotara, Koyama, Kubo, Kudou, Kunda, Kuramochi, Kurmochi, Kurogane, Kyubei, Maeda, Marubeni, Marusa, Maruyama, Mashita, Masuda, Masuko, Masuzoe, Matsuda, Matsui, Matsumara, Matsumoto, Matsuo, Matsuoka, Matsushita, Matsuzawa, Mifune, Mitsubishi, Mitsukuri, Mitsuya, Miura, Miyagi, Miyajima, Miyamoto, Miyazaki, Miyazawa, Mizuno, Momotani, Mori, Morimoto, Morita, Moto, Murakami, Muraoka, Murasaki, Murase, Murata, Nagai, Nagano, Nagasawa, Nagatsuka, Nakada, Nakadan, Nakagawa, Nakajima, Nakamoto, Nakamura, Nakano, Nakao, Nakata, Nakayama, Nakazawa, Narita, Nishi, Nishikawa, Nishimura, Nishio, Nobunaga, Noguchi, Nomura, Numajiri, Ochiai, Ochida, Ogata, Ogawa, Ogura, Ohmae, Oinuma, Okada, Okamoto, Okamura, Okano, Okuda, Ono, Oshin, Ota, Otake, Otsu, Otsuka, Raikatuji, Ryusaki, Sada, Saito, Saitou, Saji, Sakai, Sakamoto, Sakiyurai, Sakubara, Sanda, Sano, Santo, Sasaki, Sato, Sawamatsu, Sekine, Seo, Shibanuma, Shibasawa, Shibata, Shiga, Shigeki, Shimada, Shimanouchi, Shimizu, Shimohira, Shintaro, Shiomi, Shirane, Shirokawa, Simizu, Sohda, Soseki, Suenami, Sugase, Sugawara, Sugimura, Sugiyama, Suzuki, Taguchi, Takada, Takagaki, Takagawa, Takagi, Takahashi, Takano, Takeda, Takei, Takemura, Taketomo, Takeuchi, Tamura, Tanaka, Tani, Taniguchi, Tatsuya, Terada, Terauchi, Togo, Tokuda, Tomonaga, Toru, Toyoshima, Toyota, Tsujimoto, Tsukahara, Tsukatani, Tsukehara, Tsurimi, Uboshita, Uchida, Ueda, Ueno, Uetake, Umehara, Usami, Wada, Watabe, Watanabe, Yamada, Yamaguchi, Yamaha, Yamakazi, Yamamoto, Yamamura, Yamashita, Yamato, Yamawaki, Yamazaki, Yano, Yasuhiro, Yasutake, Yokoyama, Yoshida, Yoshihara, Yoshinobu, Yoshizaki, Yosida, Yunokawa

Male Personal Names

Common: Akira, Daichi, Daiki, Daisuke, Kazuki, Kenta, Kou, Kouhei, Naoki, Ren, Ryota, Ryou, Shou, Shouta, Takumi, Takuya, Tatsuya, Tsubasa, Yuuki, Yuuta

Standard: Akihisa, Akihito, Akira, Atasuke, Chihiro, Chojiro, Daichi, Daigoro, Daiharu, Daiki, Daisuke, Dokuohtei, Eiji, Eisaku, Ekiken, Fujio, Fukusaburu, Fumihiro, Genpaku, Goichi, Goro, Hachemon, Hajime, Haru, Haruhiko, Haruki, Hatsue, Hayato, Heishiro, Hideki, Hidemichi, Hidetora, Hideyoshi, Hikaru, Hiro, Hirokichi, Hiroshi, Hirotaka, Hiroyasu, Hiroyuki, Hisashi, Hisayuki, Hitoshi, Ichiro, Iemitsu, Ieyasu, Ikemoto, Isamu, Isei, Ishio, Isoruko, Jiro, Junzo, Kakuei, Kanzaburo, Katsumi, Katsuyoshi, Katsuyuki, Kazuhiko, Kazuki, Kazuma, Kazuo, Kazuyoshi, Keiji, Keiso, Kenichi, Kenji, Kenjiro, Kenta, Kiichi, Kimitada, Kitaru, Kiyohisa, Kiyoshi, Koichi, Koki, Kosho, Kou, Kouhei, Kumanosuke, Kunimichi, Kunio, Kyoji, Kyozo, Manabu, Manobu, Marihito, Masaaki, Masahide,

Masami, Masanori, Masao, Masashi, Masatake, Masazumi, Masu, Masuhiro, Masutaro, Matashichi, Matsuo, Meiji, Michio, Minoru, Mito, Mitsuhide, Mobumasu, Morimasa, Motoki, Motoyuki, Munoto, Mushanokoji, Naofumi, Naohiro, Naoki, Natsume, Natsuo, Nobuharu, Nobuo, Noburo, Nobuyoki, Noritada, Noritoshi, Ogai, Okakura, Osamu, Ren, Ryota, Ryou, Ryu, Ryunosuke, Saburo, Sadaharu, Sadao, Sadayoshi, Sanjuro, Satoru, Satoshi, Sawao, Seiji, Seinosuke, Seishisai, Seisi, Sessue, Shiba, Shigeo, Shigeru, Shigochiyo, Shin, Shinichi, Shinji, Shinobu, Shinsaku, Shiro, Shirosama, Shoji, Shoko, Shotaro, Shou, Shouta, Shozo, Shukishi, Shun, Shunichi, Shunsuke, Shuzo, Soseki, Subaru, Suezo, Sugita, Sumiteru, Susumu, Tagashashi, Taisho, Taizo, Takahiro, Takamasa,

Takanori, Takao, Takashi, Takayuki, Takehide, Takeichi, Takeo, Takeshi, Takuji, Takumi, Takuya, Tamotsu, Tanzan, Taro, Tashiro, Tatsuya, Teriuihi, Tetsu, Toichi, Toin, Tokugawa, Tokutomi, Tomiichi, Torazo, Toshiaki, Toshiki, Toshio, Toshiro, Toyoaki, Toyokazu, Tsubasa, Tsuginori, Tsutomu, Ukyo, Washichi, Yakumo, Yasotaro, Yasuhiro, Yasuo, Yasushi, Yato, Yeijiro, Yoshida, Yoshihide, Yoshihisa, Yoshiji, Yoshiki, Yoshinobu, Yoshio, Yoshiyuki, Yuichi, Yuji, Yukichi, Yukio, Yutaka, Yuu, Yuuki, Yuuta, Zenko

Female Personal Names

Common: Asuka, Aya, Ayaka, Ayano, Haruka, Haruna, Kana, Mai, Miho, Miki, Misaki, Moe, Nanami, Natsuki, Natsumi, Rina, Saki, Yui, Yuka, Yukio

Standard: Ai, Aiko, Akane, Akemi, Akiko, Asuka, Asuza, Atsuko, Aya, Ayaka, Ayako, Ayano, Chie, Chieko, Chika, Chikuma, Chinatsu, Chitose, Chiyeko, Chiyo, Echiko, Eiko, Emi, Emiko, Eri, Eriko, Etsuko, Fujiko, Fumi, Fumiko, Fusae, Fuyuko, Gemmei, Ginko, Hama, Hana, Hanae, Hanako, Haniko, Haru, Haruka, Harukichi, Haruko, Haruna, Hideko, Hikaru, Hiroe, Hiroko, Hiromi, Hisa, Hisae, Hisako, Hitomo, Hitoshi, Iku, Inoue, Ise, Ishi, Itsuko, Junko, Juri, Kaede, Kahori, Kana, Kaori, Kaoru, Katsuko, Katsumi, Kayoko, Kazuko, Kazumi, Keiko, Kenshi, Kimie, Kin, Kinuko, Kinuye, Kinuyo, Kita, Kiyo, Kiyoko, Kiyomi, Kochiyo, Koiso, Koken, Kuki, Kukiko, Kumi, Kumiko, Kunie, Kuniko, Kyoko, Mai, Maki, Makiko, Mako, Mami, Mana, Mari, Mariko, Masae, Masako, Masami, Masayuki, Matsu, Mayu, Mayumi, Megu, Megumi, Michi, Michiko, Midori, Mieko, Miho, Miiko, Miki, Miliko, Mina, Minako, Mineko, Misaki, Misako, Mitsiko, Mitsu, Mitsuko, Mitsuyo, Miwako, Miyako, Miyo, Miyoko, Miyoshi, Moe, Momoko, Nana, Nanami, Naoko, Naora, Natsu, Natsuki, Natsuko, Natsumi, Norie, Noriko, Ochiyo, Oharu, Okichi, Okiku, Omitsu, Otsu, Otsune, Raicho, Rei, Reiko, Reina, Rika, Rina, Sachiko, Sadako, Saeko, Saito, Sakamae, Saki, Sakue, Sama, Saori, Sata, Satoko, Sei, Seiko, Seki, Setsuko, Shige, Shigeko, Shioko, Shiori, Shizu, Shoken, Shoko, Shoshi, Sué, Sui, Suko, Sumi, Sumie, Sumiko, Suzue, Suzuko, Tai, Takako, Tamafune, Tamaki, Tamami, Tamiko, Taniko, Tansho, Teishi, Teruyo, Tokiwa, Toku, Tomi, Tomiko, Tomoko, Tomomi, Toshie, Toshiko, Toyohiko, Toyoko, Tsuki, Tsuya, Umeka, Umeko, Urako, Utako, Yae, Yaeko, Yasu, Yasuko, Yoka, Yoko, Yoshike, Yoshiko, Yui, Yuka, Yuki, Yukiko, Yukio, Yukiyo, Yuko, Yumi, Yumiko, Yuri, Yuriko, Yusuke

Modern Japanese personal names can be used, although the distribution was different. Some personal and family names used in medieval times are discussed below.

Most personal names consisted of two elements (two Kanji characters), usually of two syllables. Some names used extra syllables (Moriakira, Nishikintoki, Susumu), or only one element (Yoshi was used by itself as a personal name). Common syllables include the suffix ‘-ko’ meaning ‘child’ in female personal names. The term samurai was originally used to denote the aristocratic warriors (bushi), but it came to apply to all the members of the

warrior caste that held power from the 12th to 19th centuries. Bushi or samurai families often used particular names for their sons. From first to fifth born, these names were Ichiro, Jiro or Chojiro, Saburo or Kanzaburo, Shiro or Heishiro, and Goro or Daigoro. A bushi’s wife could add ‘-gozen’ to her name. Nobles in medieval Japan often used a name of three parts: a family