CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES ASPECTO PROFESIONAL
3. RESULTADOS ANÁLISIS Y DISCUSIÓN
3.2. Necesidades de orientación de los estudiantes
Table 1: Socio-demographic distribution of respondents
Age group Surulere LGA Ibeju-Lekki LGA Total Test Statistics (years) Freq (%) Freq (%) Freq (%)
20 – 29 84 (40.0) 79 (37.6) 163 (38.8) X2 = 2.23
30 – 39 56 (26.7) 60 (28.6) 116 (27.6) P-value=0.6936 40 – 49 33 (15.7) 31 (14.8) 64 (15.2)
50 – 59 29 (13.8) 25 (11.9) 54 (12.9) 60+ 8 (3.8) 15 (7.1) 23 (5.5)
Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0) Educational
Level No formal
Education 13 (6.2) 42 (20.0) 55 (13.1) X2 = 35.70,
Primary 34 (16.2) 55 (26.2) 89 (21.2) P-value=0.0000 Secondary 104 (49.5) 87 (41.4) 191 (45.5)
Post- Secondary
OND, HND 40 (19.0) 17 (8.1) 57 (13.6) Tertiary &
Post 19 (9.1) 9 (4.3) 28 (6.6) Graduate
Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
Occupational Surulere Ibeju-Lekki Total Test Statistics Level LGA LGA
Freq (%) Freq (%) Freq (%) Professionals
Doctors, Lawyers 11 (5.2) 5 (2.4) 16 (3.8) X2=21.98,
Bankers
Nurses &
Teachers 25 (11.9) 21 (10.0) 46 (21.9) P-value=0.0025
Skilled workers Carpenters,
Printers 68 (32.4) 48 (22.9) 116 (27.6) Semi-skilled
Drivers 61 (29.0) 92 (43.8) 153 (36.4) Petty traders
Unskilled Vendors,
Cleaners 15 (7.1) 7 (3.3) 22 (5.3) Unemployed/
Students 30 (14.3) 37 (17.6) 67 (15.9) Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
Religion
Christianity 126 (60.0) 75 (35.7) 201 (47.8) X2 = 31.01,
Islam 84 (40.0) 135 (64.3) 219 (52.2) P-value=0.0000
Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
Marital Surulere Ibeju-Lekki Total Test Statistic Status LGA LGA
Single 83 (39.5) 36 (17.1) 119 (28.3) X2 = 31.43
Married 125 (59.5) 170 (81.0) 295 (70.3) P-value=0.0000
*Others 2 (1.0) 4 (1.9) 6 (1.4) Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0) Income per annum
(#’000)
Nil 30 (14.3) 37 (17.7) 67 (16.0) X2 = 11.05,
<50 52 (24.8) 38 (18.1) 90 (21.4) P-value=0.0504 50 – 100 74 (35.2) 87 (41.4) 161 (38.3)
100 – 400 37 (17.6) 38 (18.1) 75 (17.9) 400 – 600 7 (3.3) 7 (3.3) 14 (3.3) 600+ 10 ( 4.8) 3 (1.4) 13 (3.1) Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
*Others - Separated, divorced or widowed.
In Surulere local government area, 40.0% of the respondents were in the age group 20 and 29 years compared to the 37.6% of the respondents from Ibeju-Lekki local government area. Also, in the age group 40 - 49 years, 15.7% of the respondents were from Surulere
LGA compared to 14.8% of the respondents from Ibeju-Lekki LGA.
There was no difference in the age group distribution of the respondents in the two LGAs. This was found not to be statistically significant (p>0.05). More than 80.0% of the respondents in Surulere LGA were educated compared to about 60.0% of the respondents in Ibeju-Lekki LGA. This difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).
There were twice the proportion of professionals (Doctors, Lawyers etc) in Surulere LGA compared to that of Ibeju-Lekki LGA.. About 43.8% of the respondents in Ibeju-Lekki LGA belonged to the semi-skilled category (vendors, cleaners etc) compared to 29.0% of the respondents in Surulere LGA. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). About 60.0% of the respondents in Surulere LGA were Christians compared to 35.7% of the respondents from Ibeju-Lekki local government area. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.000). About 60.0% of the respondents were married in Surulere LGA compared to 81.0% of the respondents from Ibeju-Lekki LGA. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).
In Surulere local government area, 25.2% of the respondents earned between N50,000 and N100,000 compared to 41.4% of the
respondents from Ibeju-Lekki LGA. About 4.8% of the respondents from Surulere LGA earned over N600,000 compared to 1.4% of the respondents form Ibeju-Lekki LGA. This difference was found not to be statistically significant (p<0.05).
Table 2: Distribution of respondents by average daily dietary intake Average Surulere Ibeju-Lekki Total Test Statistics Daily intake LGA LGA
Fruits Freq (%) Freq (%) Freq (%)
None 54 (25.7) 63 (30.0) 117 (27.9) X2=14.40
Once 86 (41.0) 90 (42.9) 176 (41.9) P-value=0.0024 Twice 50 (23.8) 23 (11.0) 73 (17.4)
>Twice 20 (9.5) 34 (16.1) 54 (12.8) Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0) Vegetable (Average daily intake)
None 31 (14.8) 23 (11.0) 54 (12.9) X2=2.87
Once 84 (40.0) 90 (42.9) 174 (41.4) P-value=0.4120 Twice 61 (29.0) 54 (25.7) 115 (27.4)
>Twice 34 (16.2) 43 (20.4) 77 (18.3) Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
Chicken (Average daily intake)
None 13 (6.1) 1 (0.5) 14 (3.3) X2= 42.23
Once 63 (30.0) 26 (12.4) 89 (21.2) P-value=0.0000 Twice 65 (31.0) 58 (27.6) 123 (29.3)
>Twice 69 (32.9) 125 (59.5) 194 (46.2) Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
Red meat (Average daily intake)
None 33 (15.8) 13(6.2) 46 (11.0) X2=19.68
Once 73 (34.9) 58 (27.6) 131 (31.3) P-value=0.0019 Twice 40 (19.1) 72 (34.3) 112 (26.7)
>Twice 64 (30.2) 67 (31.9) 130 (31.0) Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0) Palm oil (Average daily intake)
None 28 (13.3) 14 (6.7) 42 (10.0) X2=14.63
Once 81 (38.6) 116 (55.2) 197 (46.9) P-value=0.0021 Twice 40 (19.1) 31 (14.8) 71 (10.9)
>Twice 61 (29.0) 49 (23.3) 110 (26.2)
Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
Rice (Average daily intake)
None 10 (4.8) 4 (1.9) 14 (3.3) X2=14.63
Once 64 (30.4) 39 (18.6) 103 (24.5) P-value=0.0021 Twice 52 (24.8) 80 (38.1) 132 (31.4)
>Twice 84 (40.0) 87 (41.4) 171 (40.7) Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
About 16.1% of the respondents in Ibeju-Lekki LGA took fruits more than twice per day compared to 9.5% of the respondents in Surulere LGA. There was a statistically significant difference in the consumption of fruits in the two LGAs (p<0.05). Similarly, about 20.5% of the respondents in Ibeju-Lekki LGA took vegetable more than twice daily compared to 16.2% of the respondents in Surulere LGA. However, about 29.0% of the respondents in Surulerer LGA took palm oil more than twice daily compared to 23.3% of the respondents in Ibeju-Lekki LGA This difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).
Table 3: Distribution of outcome indicators.
S/N Variables Surulere LGA Mean
Ibeju-Lekki LGA Mean
Test Statistic
1. Age 35.8+12.0 35.5+11.2 X2 = 0.12
P-value=0.7332
2. BMI 25.2+6.7 26.1+4.8 X2 = 11.09
P-value=0.0000
3. WC 84.8+11.6 87.2+12.5 X2 = 6.97
P-value=0.0000
4. WHR 0.8+0.1 0.8+0.0 X2 = 1.51
p-value=0.2112
5. WHtR 51.3+8.0 53.8+8.1 X2 = 16.07
P-value=0.0000
6. SBP 121.9+15.9 122.4+16.8 X2 = 0.14
P-value=0.7022
7. DBP 79.3+12.3 78.9+11.2 X2 = 0.00
P-value=0.9661 The mean body weight of the respondents in Surulere LGA was 68.9+13.5kg compared to 68.9+13.5kg for the respondents in Ibeju-Lekki LGA. Although, respondents in Surulere LGA were taller, those in Ibeju-Lekki LGA were slightly fatter, had a wider mean waist and hip circumference. The other anthropometric indices (WHR and WHtR) were slightly more in Ibeju-Lekki LGA compared to Surulere LGA. The mean systolic blood pressure in Ibeju-Lekki LGA was 122.4+16.8mmHg compared to that of Surulere LGA with 121.9+15.9mmHg. The difference was not statistically significant (P-value = 0.7022). The mean diastolic blood pressure of Surulere LGA was 79.3+12.3mmHg compared to that of Ibeju-Lekki LGA with
78.9+11.2mmHg. The difference was found not to be statistically significant (P-value = 0.9661).
Table 4: Distribution of respondents with regards to current alcohol intake.
Alcohol Surulere Ibeju-Lekki Total Test Statistics Intake LGA LGA
Freq (%) Freq (%) Freq (%) Takes
alcohol 81 (38.6) 51 (24.3) 132 (31.4) X2 = 11.14
Does not take
Alcohol 120 (57.1) 158 (75.2) 278 (66.2) P-value=0.0212 Non-Response 9 (4.3) 1 (0.5) 10 (2.4)
Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420(100.0)
In Surulere local government area, 38.6% of the respondents took alcohol or alcoholic based drinks compared to 24.3% of the respondents from Ibeju-Lekki LGA. This difference was found to be statistically significant (P-value
= 0.0212).
Thus, the prevalence rate of current alcohol intake in Surulere local government area was 38.6% while in Ibeju-Lekki , the prevalence rate was 24.3%.
Fig 1: Average amount of alcohol consumed daily
16 17
44
17
6 25
15
35
23
2 0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
OCC 1-3.5 3.6-7units 8-14units >14units
Av. alcohol units consumed daily
Percent (%)
S/L IB/L
In Surulere LGA, more than forty percent of the respondents consumed an average of between 3.6 – 7units of alcohol compared to about 35.0% in Ibeju-Lekki LGA. This observed difference was found not to be statistically significant (P-value = 0.6315). A unit of alcohol was based on the percentage of alcohol by volume (ABV%) multiplied by volume of beverage, then divided by 1000. Hence, a 600mls bottle of beer 5.2% ABV contains 3.1 units of alcohol.
Fig 2: Duration since commencement of alcoholic drinks consumption
8
11 10
71
2
12 10
77
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
<1 1-3years 3-4years >4years
Duration (years)
Percent (%)
S/L IB/L
In Surulere LGA, about 70.0% of the respondents had taken alcoholic drinks for more than 4years compared to 76.0% of the respondents in Ibeju-lekki LGA prior to the period of the study. This difference was found not to be statistically significant (P-value = 0.5734).
Table 5 Distribution of respondents with regards to cigarette smoking.
Cigarette Surulere Ibeju-Lekki Total Test Statistics Smoking LGA LGA
Freq (%) Freq (%) Freq (%) Smokes
Cigarette 17 (8.1) 10 (4.8) 27 (6.5) X2 = 1.88,
Does not smoke
cigarette 188 (89.5) 200 (95.2) 388 (93.5) P-value=0.1734 Non-Response 5 (2.4) 0 (0.0) 5 (100.0)
Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
In Surulere local government area, 8.1% of the respondents reported to be smoking cigarette prior to the period of the study compared with 4.8% of respondents from Ibeju-Lekki LGA. This was found not to be statistically significant (P-value = 0.1734).
Fig 3: Average number of cigarette sticks smoked daily
63
25
6 6
64
27
0
9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
<4 sticks 4-10 sticks 11-20 sticks > 20 sticks Av. No of cigarette sticks smoked (daily)
Percent (%)
S/L IB/L
In both Surulere and Ibeju-Lekki LGA, less than 10.0% of the respondents smoked more than an average of 20 cigarette sticks per day. However, any difference between the consumption pattern of cigarette sticks was found not to be statistically significant (P-value = 0.8540).
Table 6: Distribution of respondents with regards to physical activity Physical Surulere Ibeju-Lekki Total Test Statistics Activity LGA LGA
Freq (%) Freq (%) Freq (%) Engages
in physical
Activity 116 (55.2) 107 (50.9) 223 (53.1) X2 = 1.66,
Does not
Engage in physical
activity 83 (39.5) 101 (48.1) 184 (43.8) P-value=0.1713 Non-Response 11 (5.3) 2 (1.0) 12 (3.1)
Total 210 (100.0) 210 (100.0) 420 (100.0)
In Surulere local government area, 55.2% respondents reported to be actively engaged in physical activity compared with 50.9% of the respondents from Ibeju-Lekki LGA. This difference was found not to be statistically significant (P-value = 0.1713).
Fig 4:Frequency of physical activity weekly
35
43
18
3 45
35
15
4
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Daily 1-2times 3-4times >5times
Frequency of physical activity (weekly)
Percent (%)
S/L 1B/L
In both Surulere and Ibeju-Lekki LGAs, less than 5% of the respondents engaged in physical activity for more than five times per week. This was found not to be statistically significant (P-value = 0.1264).
Fig 5: Duration of physical activity daily
18
23
26 25
10
14
32
40
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
<10mins 11-20mins 21-30mins >30mins
Duration of physical activity (daily)
Percent (%)
S/L 1B/L
About 40% of respondents in Ibeju-Lekki LGA engaged in physical activity for more than 30 minutes daily compared to 25% of the respondents in Surulere LGA. The mean duration of physical activity of respondents in Surulere LGA was 17.3minutes compared to 19.6minutes of the respondents in Ibeju-Lekki LGA. This difference was found not to be statistically significant. (P-value = 0.7402).