Capitulo 1. Diseño Teórico
1.4 Objetivo General
TEK 5-4B
Details (2002)
Keywords: architectural details, energy conservation, residential, roof/wall connections, water penetration resistance
INTRODUCTION
Concrete masonry homes re-flect the beauty and durability of concrete masonry materials. Ma-sonry housing provides a high stan-dard of structural strength, design versatility, energy efficiency, ter-mite resistance, economy and aes-thetic appeal.
A wide range of architectural styles can be created using both architectural concrete masonry units and conventional units. Ar-chitectural units are available with many finishes, ranging from the rough-hewn look of split-face to the polished appearance of ground-face units, and can be produced in many colors and a variety of sizes.
Concrete masonry can also be fin-ished with brick, stucco or any num-ber of other finish systems if desired.
Concrete masonry's mass pro-vides many consumer benefits. It has a high sound dampening abil-ity, is energy efficient, fire and in-sect proof, durable and can easily be designed to resist hurricane-force winds and earthquakes.
WALL TYPES
Figures 1 through 3 illustrate a few of the construction options available for concrete masonry home construction, some of which are described in more detail below.
Both top plate/anchor bolt and Figure 1—Stucco Exterior Finish
Positive slope
Wood backing, as required Finish varies
Embedded strap anchor (alternate: anchor bolt and top plate)
Moisture barrier
Stucco
Flashing with drip edge
Solid unit to support flashing
Flashing with drip edge wall
Vapor retarder See TEK 19-5A
for flashing details
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Figure 2—Exposed Concrete Masonry Exterior Roof system
Roof insulation
Standard window system
Finish varies
Concrete masonry lintel Wood backing, as required
Furring and insulation, as required
Grade
Vertical reinforcement, as required
Ledger, pressure treated or use moisture barrier
Undisturbed soil Free draining
backfill
Concrete footing Foundation drain
Waterproof or dampproof membrane Backfill
Vapor retarder
Optional foundation drain
Optional footing drain Reinforcement,
as required
Concrete masonry wall Grout, as required
Concrete slab 1 in. (25 mm) partially open
head joints for weeps at 32 in.
(813 mm) o.c., max. between grouted cores
Vapor retarder, as required Top plate, pressure
treated or use moisture barrier (alternate: embedded strap anchor)
Bond beam Sill
Flashing with drip edge
Solid unit to support flashing
Isolation joint Sheathing
Wood joist for flashing details
See TEK 19-5A Soffit
Flashing with drip edge
Solid or filled unit to support flashing
See TEK 19-2A for flashing details
Anchor bolt
Horizontal joint reinforcement, as required
Joist hanger
Insulation, as required
143
Figure 3—Wood or Vinyl Siding Exterior Finish Positive slope
Roof system
Roof insulation
Standard window system
Concrete masonry wall
Siding
Finish varies
Concrete masonry lintel Wood backing, as required
Horizontal joint reinforcement, as required
Vertical reinforcement, as required
Floor joist
Sill, pressure treated or use moisture barrier
12 in. (305 mm) concrete masonry wall
Install drain for water removal if not higher than adjacent exterior grade for majority of perimeter
Reinforcement, as required Concrete footing Anchor bolt
Top plate, pressure treated or use moisture barrier (alternate: embedded strap anchor)
Bond beam
Subfloor
Vapor retarder Furring and insulation,
as required Vapor retarder, as required Soffit
NATIONAL CONCRETE MASONRY ASSOCIATION To order a complete TEK Manual or TEK Index, 13750 Sunrise Valley Drive, Herndon, Virginia 20171 contact NCMA Publications (703) 713-1900 www.ncma.org
embedded strap anchor roof connections are shown and can be used interchangeably, along with several foundation types.
See also TEK 5-7A Floor and Roof Connections to Concrete Masonry Walls and TEK 5-3A Concrete Masonry Foundation Wall Details (refs. 2, 3) for additional alternatives.
Single wythe walls offer the economy of providing struc-ture and an architectural facade in a single building element.
They supply all of the attributes of concrete masonry construc-tion with the thinnest possible wall secconstruc-tion. To enhance the performance of this wall system, two areas in particular need careful consideration during design and construction—water penetration resistance and energy efficiency. Design for water resistance is discussed in detail in References 4 through 6. A full discussion of options for energy efficient concrete ma-sonry walls is contained in Insulating Concrete Mama-sonry Walls (ref. 7).
The use of exterior finish systems lends itself to exterior insulation. Figure 1 shows an exterior insulation system, in-cluding a water drainage plane and stucco. Stucco can also be applied directly to the exterior block surface and used in conjunction with integral or interior insulation. Note that local codes may restrict the use of foam plastic insulation below grade in areas where the hazard of termite damage is high.
Figure 2 shows a residential wall section with exposed concrete masonry on the exterior and a furred-out and insulated interior. Concrete masonry can be exposed on the interior as
well. In this case, integral insulation (placed in the masonry cores) can be used as required.
Figure 3 shows exterior siding with insulation installed between furring. Wood or vinyl siding, as shown, is typically attached using exterior wood furring strips which have been nailed to the masonry.
Cavity wall details are shown in TEK 5-1A Concrete Masonry Cavity Wall Details (ref. 8).
REFERENCES
1. Annotated Design and Construction Details for Concrete Masonry, TR 90A. National Concrete Masonry Associa-tion, 2002.
2. Floor and Roof Connections to Concrete Masonry Walls, TEK 5-7A. National Concrete Masonry Association, 2001.
3. Concrete Masonry Foundation Wall Details, TEK 5-3A.
National Concrete Masonry Association, 2003.
4. Water Repellents for Concrete Masonry Walls, TEK 19-1.
National Concrete Masonry Association, 2002.
5. Design for Dry Single-Wythe Concrete Masonry Walls, TEK 19-2A. National Concrete Masonry Association, 2002.
6. Flashing Details for Concrete Masonry Walls, TEK 19-5A.
National Concrete Masonry Association, 2000.
7. Insulating Concrete Masonry Walls, TEK 6-11. National Concrete Masonry Association, 2001.
8. Concrete Masonry Cavity Wall Details, TEK 5-1A. Na-tional Concrete Masonry Association, 1995.
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NCMA TEK 5-5B 1 A n i n f o r m a t i o n s e r i e s f r o m t h e n a t i o n a l a u t h o r i t y o n c o n c r e t e m a s o n r y t e c h n o l o g y