OBJETIVOS ESTRATÉGICOS DE DESARROLLO

I read an article in your newspaper regarding man’s wanton destruction of animal life to suit his own selfish needs.

I strongly condemn this ghastly act in which some members of our society indulge and feel proud of their exploits. For centuries man has been a ruthless hunter. He has been constantly slaughtering various animals mercilessly to fulfil his needs. A cursory glance at the shopping list reveals that most of the articles such as chess pieces, belts, buttons, jewellery, purses and caps are made from animals.

This cruelty towards animals should be stopped immediately. The hunters and poachers are disturbing the ecological balance. Nature has created man as well as multiple biological forms such as wild animals and they have coexisted for centuries. Today when the death-kiss of pollution overwhelms the earth, the need to preserve and protect vegetation and animal species is very urgent. We must devise ways to restore the ecological balance and they maintain it at a safe level for our own existence.

I hope the readers will react favourably to my views and desist from cruelty to the mute and defenceless denizens of the forest.

Yours truly Pranav/Poonam

7. THE GENERATION GAP IS DESTROYING FAMILY LIFE

(For the Motion)

Respected Chairman, honourable judges, members of the staff and my dear friends!

I stand before you in favour of the motion ‘The Generation Gap is Destroying Family Life.’

There are many points to support this contention.

Our forefathers believed in the motto ‘Simple living and high thinking’. Their wants were limited. They wore simple dress and followed old customs. Nature provided them music. On the other hand the modern youth is being swept by a strong current of western civilization.

Lured by modern materialistic attitude, he has discarded the old values and customs, the traditional clothes and music. Wealth and material possessions are far more important for him than wisdom and truth.

The generation gap has caused a chasm between the old and the young. There is a clash of ideas and ideals, tastes, way of thinking and lifestyle. The young hanker after luxury, comfort and material happiness. They believe in full enjoyment and complete freedom. The elders insist on moral and spiritual values. They advocate renunciation and control on desires. The children think that their parents are slave to customs.

The generation gap is evident in behaviour and manners of the two classes. The elders believe in strict obedience to a superior authority. They want that children must respect their elders and learn to be polite. The children pine for freedom. They resent all sorts of curbs. They demand freedom of expression. They want to have a say in family affairs. They insist that their views must be given proper consideration. This leads to bickering, heart-burning and tension in the family.

The elders insist on discipline and strict compliance of their orders. They advocate smiling acceptance of punishment meted out for breach of discipline. The young insist on unrestrained freedom and frankness. They advocate freedom of self-expression and are unwilling to tolerate any interference in their personal affairs—career, love-affair or marriage. Thus there is a wide gap between the two generations. This difference in their way of thinking and behaviour is destroying family life.

Hence, I wholeheartedly support the motion, that ‘The Generation Gap is Destroying Family Life’.

Thank you.

SECTION–C (GRAMMAR)

8. (a) 4. Will you like to join us (b) 1. Why is it not possible (c) 3. When is she coming (d) 2. I will miss you

9. (a) 3. other (b) 2. of (c) 1. has (d) 4. last (e) 3. less (f ) 3. by (g) 1. or (h) 2. were 10. (a) will be replaced (b) arrived in seoul

(c) has killed 191 people (d) has been/(was) found guilty

11. (a) to inform (b) have been selected

(c) our (d) are requested

(e) at (f) considered

(g) telegraphically (h) has been arranged 12. (a) had been trying to solve that problem since the previous day

(b) if they should go and ask the teacher (c) she had not been available the previous (d) that they should go to the staff room then

SECTION–D (LITERATURE) 13. (A) First option

1. (c) the ruined statue of Ozymandias 2. (d) the futility of human pride 3. (b) else

Second option 1. (a) Mark Antony

2. (d) instigating the mob to rebel against the conspirators 3. (d) mutiny breaks out in Rome

13. (B) 1. Jenkins, the publisher of a magazine, speaks these words. He was the only person who published the narrator’s stories.

2. Stories dealing with the supernatural were in demand. These are full of horrors. Jenkins says that the public wants them. The ghosts of his stories are life-like.

3. In order to earn his living the narrator has to work as an accountant in a lumber company.

14. (a) Patol Babu reported for his walk-on role at the location of shooting at 8.30 a.m. He had to wait for a long time. He acted the ‘collision’ shot with perfection but left the place before getting paid. This surprised Naresh Dutt, the production assistant.

(b) After the dragon caught hold of Sebastian, he sent a message for Michael on the printer. He wished Michael better luck next time. He exhorted Michael not to give up, otherwise he would have to stay in jail forever. He suggested trying ‘Jailbreak’. He hoped it might work.

He cheered up Michael.

(c) The Albatross came at a time when the ship and the mariners were in trouble. The weather improved after its arrival and the ship could move. It perched on the ship for nine evenings and ate the food which sailors gave it. When the ancient Mariner killed the bird, the sailors had to face miseries.

(d) The snake is like a king in exile, a lord of life. He is described in these terms because he has the power to kill any person just as a king can pass death sentence on any person.

(e) “Et tu Brute” means “Even you, Brutus”. These words were spoken by Caesar when he was stabbed first by Casca, then the other conspirators and finally by Brutus. Caesar was shocked and surprised as the man whom he loved as his son and regarded him dearest friend also stabbed him. So dying Caesar speaks these words.

15. First option

‘A Shady Plot’ is quite amusing. It tickles the audience/reader and makes them laugh. Humour arises out of the narrator’s ability to laugh at himself, clever use of language as well as comic situations. The story is full of many witty lines which make us laugh. The narrator’s ability to laugh at himself is evident from the following lines:

y I’d begun to get a bit cocky as to my ability.

y I had reached the stage of imbecility when I was talking to myself.

y When I am nervous or excited there is a muscle in my face that starts to twitch, and this pulls up one corner of my mouth and gives the appearance of an idiotic grin.

y I felt my ears grow crimson, purple, maroon. My wife was looking at me as though I were some peculiar insect.

Clever use of language helps to make the story quite enlivening. For example, consider the paradoxical statement: “I did not specialise in ghost stories, but more or less they seemed to specialise in me”. When the ghost asks him whether he hasn’t been calling on heaven and earth all afternoon to help him write a story, a possible explanation occurs to him and his spine gets cold. The explanation for ignoring his wife’s telephone call to come early is also quite amusing.

He says, “I had been hunting three lost receipts at the time.” He takes a dig at his wife Lavinia,

“My wife is never so pretty as when she’s doing something she knows I disapprove of.” His criticism of Miss Laura Hinkle ‘grinning’ in his face ‘like a flirtatious crocodile’ arouses our interest. Lines like ‘...with her brow corrugated, and the light of the huntress in her pale blue eyes’ tickle us.

The story has many comic situations. For example, the ghost appears in sections–like film cartoons being put together. The behaviour of the ladies at the Ouija Board Party and the narrator’s reaction to it make us laugh. Lavinia’s decision to break off her relationship, Gladolia’s threat to quit and the narrator’s efforts to avoid a confrontation between Helen, the ghost and Lavinia, his wife, are some humorous situations.

Second option

Brutus is an idealist. His speech betrays his ignorance of mob psychology. He tries to give rational arguments. He doesn’t know that the mob is fickle, irrational and easily swayed by passions. He offers such arguments as he would put before a group of philosophers like himself.

To him the worst disgrace is to be a slave. He cannot believe that any Roman would submit tyranny or to a suppression of rights.

He loves freedom, mainly independence and patriotism and hopes that others also do the same.

Caesar is a danger for these values. But Brutus misjudged people. They are unable to understand his noble hatred of tyranny. They offer to make him Caesar. It is because they are accustomed to pray. They must crave or bow down before some idol or the other. The speech of Brutus thus fails to have any lasting effect.

❑

SECTION–A (READING) 1. (a) blossoms/flowers (b) falling

(c) possibility (d) their

(e) young (f) blushing

(g) shortness (h) brevity/shortness

(i) similar (j) transitoriness

2. 1. (d) it is completely impartial

2. (b) it is not limited by national boundaries or political parties 3. (a) they cause much damage

4. (c) it makes huge tidal waves sweep inland

5. (c) belonging to an early stage in development of humans 3. 1. cultivating more land and setting up industries

2. agroforestry

3. cutting trees for using the land for food and industries 4. planting trees in alleys and growing crops in interspaces 5. afforestation

4. 1. (d) it has medicinal properties 2. (b) they ward off sickness

3. (c) they believe evil spirits will be driven away 4. (b) the yellow fruit of the Neem tree

5. (b) marked with spots

SECTION–B (WRITING)

5. PRIZE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION

The Prize Distribution Function is a very important event in the school calendar. It is held every year to honour students who have distinguished themselves in academics, sports or other co-scholastic activities. Our school celebrated its prize distribution function last week.

The school was decorated beautifully. The Education Minister was the chief guest. The principal and teachers received him warmly. Students offered him bouquet and sang a welcome song.

The principal read out the school annual report. The minister gave away the prizes. Students clapped. The minister advised the students to work hard and make India a leading nation in the 21st century. The function came to a close with the national anthem.

6. 2345 Sector 7 Chandigarh 25 May 20XX The Editor The Tribune Chandigarh Sir

Sub: The Need and Ways to Conserve Energy