La obligación frente a la muerte del acreedor o de uno de los

information. Can the archives be used to accurately locate historical crash information? Are there any problem areas?

Alaska: The spatial data management tools allow retired roadway segments to be time

stamped. Published data sets provide users the current road network but the historical road network is available. The department’s current network management tool for LRS editing provides two editing options:

• Retire the old alignment if it’s no longer used as a public road, and

• Rename and renumber the old alignment if it continues to be used as a public road. Alaska DOT&PF believes Esri’s Roads and Highways, which will be implemented in the near future, can provide these two options. Realignments also impact the inventory features and attributes associated with the old and new alignment.

Although Alaska DOT&PF is still about a year away from full implementation of the new crash system, the department anticipates the crash information will be easily located from the archived road network. The one caveat is getting timely notification on road network changes (see the discussion of CAD–GIS).

Idaho: ITD maintains a history of recorded HPMS data items for the entire state highway

system and a sampling of nonstate highway system federal aid roads back to 1998. This data is maintained on the mainframe in data files as well as an archive database. With the

implementation of the new LRS, ITD can record temporal data for some condition and

performance data items (most HPMS data items) whenever the LRS changes, so that the location is always “findable.” For prior-year records, it would be a manual process to relocate historical crashes, primarily because of re-mileposting, and recalibration of the roads that occurs over time. Crash data can be pulled using either the segment code–milepost method for state roads and federal-aid roads, location information such as name of road for all roadways, or by latitude– longitude information for crashes from 2007 and forward. ITD has crash data easily accessible from 1997 to current and can go back as far as 1987 with more difficulty.

Iowa: Yes, Iowa timestamps and versions every record as it’s being edited in both the business

data and the LRS so Iowa can both look at any point in time and run analysis at any point in time.

Louisiana: DOTD currently maintains a dynamic database of roadway information for the

state maintained roadways. Changes to the roadway inventory are not maintained in a standard archive format. Annual snapshots are available.

LRS is available on all public roads. LRS is continually corrected, updated, and verified on the state-maintained system, but these changes are not tracked. The LRS is archived annually. The yearly snapshot is available to agencies outside the DOTD. The LRS control sections and subsections may not coincide with intersection locations. Control sections tend to be corridors and subsections are defined by changes in road system attributes.

Maryland: Yes, SHA’s LRS and crash data is archived on a yearly basis. Regardless of

timeframe, the SHA cannot accurately locate crash information (present or past) due to issues with initial crash data collection. Ideally, crash locations would be collected using GPS at the crash site and then mapped to the LRS, but currently, crash locations are recorded by the Maryland State Police at the location where the report is filed which may only reference the general vicinity of the actual incident. In addition, SHA’s LRS is based on county, route and mile point and is not a truly temporal-based LRS, so locations of mile points may shift slightly from year to year as road configurations are changed–updated.

Full Text of State Questionnaire Responses 75

Michigan: Yes. Michigan DOT is keeping 10 years of crash data live. Michigan DOT uses the

data to perform countermeasure before and after studies. The crash data locations are migrated from year to year so that the locations maintain consistency with the existing version of

framework (linear referencing).

Montana: Yes, LRS and roadway datasets are copied and archived annually and the archives

can be used to accurately locate historical crash information. There is potential for a time lapse issue if crash data, which occurred on a specific date, does not synchronize with roadway changes that are archived annually.

Ohio: Once a year the official road inventory files are updated. At this time, the linear changes

to the road inventory file are recorded and distributed. When a portion of roadway is retired, the crashes then fall off the system, but coordinates and historical LRS information is recorded. While there is some limited access to this information, it is not really utilized.

Rhode Island: Not at this time.

Washington State: Yes, annual year-end snapshots are created. Refer to Section A, question

11a and 11b. Conversion from year-end snapshots to the current LRS is problematic. The tool currently in use at Washington State DOT is not working correctly (erroneous locations are produced in certain locations). It is not clear how stable these archives are across time. This may need to be reviewed when the U.S. DOT guidance on Increasing Access to the Results of

Federally Funded Scientific Research is released. It is anticipated that this may require additional

data curation to ensure the specific data set used in research is captured.

2. Are there established procedures to review and inventory available data, e.g., a data