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Circuit 1 Circuit 2 Circuit 3

Activity 6.1 More batteries in series

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Procedures

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Before you carry out the activity

Pupils should have been taught

• The battery is an energy source to drive a current around a circuit.

• When the positive terminal of one battery is in contact with the negative terminal of another, these batteries are connected in series.

• How to draw circuit symbols.

Where to obtain or buy

• All the electrical components should be available from the laboratory. If not, obtain from hardware or DIY stores.

Tips and time-savers

• Before the lesson, check that the batteries are not running low.

• For this experiment, connecting wires with crocodile clips should be used for easier connection to the bulb and battery holder.

• Ask the pupils to write down their predictions before

connecting up the three circuits.

• After the pupils have finished with the three circuit connections and recorded their results, gather them around the teacher’s bench in two batches to demonstrate to them what happens when more than three batteries are added in series until the bulb blows.

This will reduce the number of bulbs that have to be discarded because they are blown.

• For battery holders that hold four batteries or more, trace the wire connection to show pupils how the batteries are arranged in series (As the holders have side-by-side compartments, pupils may think that the batteries are connected in parallel.

How it can be done

The suggested inquiry level is at Level 3,

where this activity can be more teacher

guided with some pupil direction.

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Observations

Questions

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circuit 1

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32 Chapter 6

Safety precautions

• Caution the pupils against breaking the light bulb through rough handling.

• Caution the pupils against connecting the two ends of the wire to the two terminals of the battery directly as it causes a short circuit and produces a large amount of heat.

• Pass around the bulb that has blown so that the pupils can look at the melted filament with a magnifying glass.

• For higher ability pupils, show the pupils the rating that is marked on the light bulb (6V) and explain to the pupils that the bulb is designed to have 6V applied across it. If one battery is used, 1.5V is applied across it, and it will be lit dimly. Ask the pupils to recommend the number of batteries that should be connected in series to light the bulb brightly. If more than 6V is applied across the bulb, the filament gets overheated and may even blow because of too high a current passing through.

Notes on observations

and results

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Process skills

Activity 6.2 More bulbs in series

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Procedures

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Before you carry out the activity

Pupils should have been taught

• The connection of bulbs in series.

• How to draw circuit symbols.

Where to obtain or buy

• All the electrical components should be available from the laboratory. If not, obtain from hardware or DIY stores.

Tips and time-savers

• For better comparison of results, three or four batteries should be used in this experiment with up to three bulbs in series.

• Before the lesson, check that the batteries are not running low.

• For this experiment, connecting wires with crocodile clips should be used for easier connection to the bulb and battery holder.

• Ask the pupils to predict the effect of connecting more bulbs in series in the circuit.

• Ask the pupils to test if their predictions are correct by setting up the circuit according to the diagrams and procedures given.

How it can be done

The suggested inquiry level is at Level 3,

where this activity can be more teacher

guided with some pupil direction.

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Outline

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