Operaciones y logística. Infraestructura (O)

13.2 Installing HP-UX

13.3 Guided Installation 13.4 Advanced Installation 13.5 Initial System Configuration

The installation process starts by interrupting the normal boot process of an HP system. In the normal boot process, a server or workstation tries to boot from the primary boot path. By interrupting this boot process, you can specify a different boot path containing HP-UX Install and Core OS installation media. For a successful system installation process, you need to determine the type of your hardware and check its compatibility with the HP-UX version you are installing. If the HP-UX version is supported on your system, you can use Core OS Media (usually a CD-ROM) to install HP-UX. Once you start the installation process, you can select guided installation, advanced installation, or an installation with default values. Installation with default values requires minimum user interaction. During the installation process, you configure system parameters such as the HP-UX environment, system disk, swap space, and Logical Volume Manager (LVM) file systems. You can also select the system language and the number of user licenses. These parameters are common to both guided and advanced installations. However, when you use the advanced installation method, you can also make network settings and changes to logical volume sizes. An example of creating logical volumes on a 4-GByte disk space will be presented during the advanced installation process (Section 13.4).

After the installation process is complete, HP-UX restarts the computer, and you can log into HP-UX as user root and carry out postinstallation tasks. These tasks include installation of additional patches and applications. You may also have to install software drivers if a device driver is not already built into the kernel. An important task is to tune kernel parameters depending on the applications being installed. The kernel configuration process is discussed in Chapter 16.

This chapter starts with a brief introduction to HP servers and workstations. Then we will walk through an installation process on a server, where guided installation and advanced installation methods will be discussed.

13.1 Introduction to HP Workstations and Servers

On older machines, HP used 700-series numbering on workstations and 800-series numbering on servers. This convention has been changed, and all of these systems are now called 9000-series servers and workstations. The most common types of HP servers for entry-level solutions are the L-series, A- series, and R-series. For midrange use, K-Series and N-Series servers are recommended. The V-series servers are the most powerful machines from HP. These are considered best for performance, availability, and scalability. HP-UX workstations have the high performance and graphical capabilities required for personal or office use.

HP-UX has both 32-bit and 64-bit capabilities. Not all HP servers and workstations can run 64-bit HP-UX. Before installation, you need to know which CPU you have and whether it supports the 64-bit version of operating system.

Processor Dependent Code (PDC) is used to check and verify hardware configuration at boot time. It detects and shows what hardware devices are available to the system. From an installation point of view, you use PDC to determine the disks and CD-ROM drives attached to the system so that you may specify the installation device and boot options. There are minor differences in PDC commands for different servers and workstations. After checking the attached devices, the PDC tries to boot a machine from the primary boot device. You can interrupt the automatic boot process to check what commands are available on your system or boot from a device other than the primary boot device. There are other installation differences between servers and workstations, but in general the procedure applies to both. If you have installed HP-UX on one machine, you are able to install it on the other.

13.2 Installing HP-UX

When you turn on an HP machine, the PDC starts execution and checks system memory and peripherals. Before starting the automatic boot-up from the primary boot device, it stops for ten seconds to allow the user to interrupt the boot process. It displays a message like the following on the screen.

To discontinue press a key within 10 seconds.

When you see this message, press the key. You will see a menu of commands such as this. --- Main Menu ---

Command Description --- ---

BOot [PRI|ALT|<path>] Boot from specified path PAth [PRI|ALT|<path>] Display or modify a path SEArch [Display|IPL] [<path>] Search for boot device COnfiguration menu Displays or sets boot values INformation menu Displays hardware information SERvice menu Displays service commands

Help [<menu>|<command>] Displays help for menu or cmd RESET Restart the system

---

Main Menu: Enter command or menu >

Commands can be abbreviated using uppercase letters as shown. For example, the search command can be abbreviated as sea. From this menu, you can use the boot command to boot the system from a CD- ROM containing the Core Operating System. But before that, you need to know the device name for the CD-ROM drive attached to your system. The search command is used to list all bootable devices attached to the system. This includes disk drives, tape drives, and CD-ROM drives. The search command will show you an output like the following.

Main Menu: Enter command or menu > search Searching for potential boot device(s)

This may take several minutes. To discontinue search, press any key (termination may not be immediate)

Path Number Device Path (dec) Device Type --- --- ---

P0 10/0/6 Random Access Media P1 10/0/5 Random Access Media P2 10/0/4 Random Access Media P3 10/0/3 Random Access Media P4 10/0/2 Random Access Media P5 10/0/1 Random Access Media P6 10/4/4.2 Toshiba CD-ROM Device P7 10/4/4.1 Sequential Access Media Main Menu: Enter command or menu >

On some systems, the output for the search command may be different. This command shows the path number, device path, and type of device. Path numbers are used to refer to a particular device when using commands that operate on devices. Device paths show the physical path associated with the device. The physical path of the device represents a system slot to which the device is attached. Random Access Media shows disks and CD-ROM drives. The Sequential Access Media type is usually used for tape drives.

Once you get this information and figure out which path number represents your CD-ROM drive, you can use the boot command to boot the system from the CD-ROM. If your CD-ROM is represented by P6, the boot command will be as follows:

Main Menu: Enter command or menu > Boot P6

You can also use device paths to boot the system instead of device numbers. After you issue the boot command, the system will ask you if you want to interact with the Initial System Loader (ISL). You have to answer no (N) at this point. This message is like the following.

Main Menu: Enter command or menu > Boot P6 Interact with IPL (Y or N) ?> N

Your Install and Core OS CD-ROM must be present in the drive at this moment. The system starts loading software from the CD and automatically goes into installation mode. A message appears on your screen similar to the following.

Booting . . .

Boot IO Dependent Code (IODC) revision 152 Hard Boot

ISL Revision A.00.38 Oct 26, 1994 ISL booting hpux (;0);INSTALL

You will see some other messages scrolling down when the system detects installed hardware. After these messages, the HP-UX installation/recovery window appears as shown in Figure 13-1. Here, basic instructions for cursor movement and menu selection are provided. A summary of detected hardware is also present. In the bottom section, three options are listed. These are:

Figure 13-1. The HP-UX installation process. Install HP-

UX This is used to start the HP-UX installation process. Run a

Recovery Shell

This is used to provide access to a recovery system used to recover a damaged system.

Advanced

Options Here you can select different advanced options. I would recommend going to this area and disabling DHCP. This is useful for first-time installation when you want to concentrate on the installation of the operating system without going into any network-related activity.

At this point, you can use the key to navigate different parts of the screen and the key to select an option. I would recommend going to Advanced Options and disabling DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, used to assign IP addresses to hosts automatically) first. Pressing the spacebar key toggles the Enable and Disable options. It is better to disable DHCP during the installation phase. By doing so, you can avoid any problems during booting if the DHCP server is not available at boot time or if you come across a network problem during the installation. You can enable it again after the installation process is complete. A screen similar to the one shown in Figure 13-2 appears when you go to Advanced Options.

Figure 13-2. Advanced Options of the HP-UX installation process.

The asterisk character shows that use of DHCP is enabled by default. Pressing the spacebar key on this option disables it. After disabling DHCP, use the key to go to the OK button and then press the key to return to the screen shown in Figure 13-1. Now you will go to the Install HP-UX option and press the key. The next screen appears, shown in Figure 13-3, where you can select user interface and media options.

Figure 13-3. Selection of User Interface and Media Options. There are three media selection options as follows.

Media only

installation This option is used to install HP-UX completely from Core OS media supplied by HP, for example, a CD-ROM. Media with

Network enabled

This option is used to install software from another machine on the network that is configured as Software Server. A software server machine contains software depots known as SD depots. Software depots are discussed in Chapter 15.

server based

User interface selection options are shown below. We will discuss Guided Installation and Advanced Installation in more detail in this chapter.

Guided

Installation This is recommended for basic installations. Advanced

Installation If you want to make LVM and file-system size changes during the installation process, you should use Advanced Installation. Networking parameters can also be set during the Advanced Installation process.

No User

Interface This is the minimum user interaction mode of installation. It takes default values for the installation. 13.3 Guided Installation

The Guided Installation process performs the basic HP-UX installation. When you select this method of installation, you go through a number of steps. At every step, you have to configure one system parameter. After selecting Guided Installation, the first screen looks like the one shown in Figure 13-4. Figure 13-4. Selection of the overall system configuration.

Figure 13-4 is the first step toward guided installation. In this step you chose the overall system configuration. The default selection is HP-UX B.11.00 Default. Choose Next to go to the next step. You can also press the key to select next. At each following step, you will see similar screens, where you can go to the previous screen by selecting Back instead of Next (not shown in Figure 13-4 as this is the first step in Guided Installation and no previous step is available). The Guided Installation steps are as follows.

Selection of overall system configuration as shown in Figure 13-4.

Environment selection. Here you can select a particular environment depending on the type of your hardware. For example, you can select 32-bit HP-UX with or without CDE support (CDE is the Common Desktop Environment used as the GUI on UNIX systems).

Root disk selection. A default selection is automatically made for you and you will see the disk model, its size, and its hardware path. This is the disk on which the operating system is going to be installed. The default selection is actually the primary boot device. You can make another selection if you understand how to change the primary boot device in PDC.

Selection of root swap area. A recommended value of swap space in megabytes is shown at this step. The amount of physical memory installed in your system is also listed. Depending on your requirements, you can change the swap area. More detail on the swap space can be found in

Chapter 22.

Select the file system. Here you will find options for a particular type of file system. The options are:

• Logical Volume Manager (LVM) with VxFS • Logical Volume Manager (LVM) with HFS • whole disk (not LVM) with HFS

HFS and VxFS are types of file systems. You can find detailed information about these and the LVM in Chapter 18.

If you are using the LVM approach, you can put more than one disk in a volume group. During the installation process, the root volume group vg00 is configured, and you can decide how many disks should be included in this volume group. However, if your system has many disks, HP recommends that a maximum of four disks be included in the root volume group. You can also select disk stripping if more than one disk is included in the root volume group. Disk stripping distributes data on all disks and hence increases performance.

Select a language. The default language is English.

Select additional software to be installed with the base HP-UX. Available software categories and products are listed with a short description. Selected software products are marked with Yes, while others are marked No. Make sure that general patches are marked for installation.

Preinstall disk information. The installation process will analyze disks used for installation. Any errors or warning messages will be displayed. If a disk already contains the HP-UX file system, you will see a warning message showing that all data on the disk will be erased.

After the above step, select Go, and the actual installation process will start, where file systems will be created on disk(s) and the HP-UX system files will be copied from installation media. This is a long process and may take quite some time depending on the type of your system.