Parlamento Europeo

The participatory planning process came full circle in this phase as the local government invited the participants of the DRR CCA Summit to a forum where the LAP- DRR-CCA was presented to them. More than 200 participants and guests attended the forum held on September 26, 2012 at the People's Center at the Municipal Compound that marked the third anniversary of Supertyphoon Ondoy. This activity served as a reminder to the people of Cainta of the threats of natural disasters and the impacts of climate change. The occasion was also used to rally support for the Municipality of Cainta’s

nomination to the Sasakawa Award of United Nations’ 2010-2015 World Disaster Reduction Campaign “Making Cities Resilient: My City is Getting Ready.”

Locale of the Study

Geographic Location and Population

The first-class urban Municipality of Cainta in the Province of Rizal, known as the “Gateway to the East,” is the most populous municipality in the Philippines2

, with a population of 289,833 on a land area of 4,299 hectares (26.81 sq km). With a population density of 11,810.63 people per sq km, highest in the province of Rizal, the municipality experiences rapid (high) urbanization that results to an expansion of informal settlers who are more exposed to hazards and disasters brought by living in unsafe sites (i.e. flood prone areas). An integration of DRR with CCA therefore becomes key to sustainable development in Cainta and in attaining their vision of striving to be a prosperous, progressive and habitable city of responsible residents.

Cainta is bounded on the north by Marikina City and San Mateo, on the west by Pasig City, and on the east and south by Taytay. It lies in the Marikina Valley, with 10 percent rolling hills and 90 percent residential-industrial flatlands.

2 _{Official population data (as of Aug 1, 2007) show that Bacoor, Cavite which is now a city used to be the} most populous municipality in the Philippines. Cainta’s aspiration to also become a city has been endorsed by the League of Cities of the Philippines, based on the requirements set by the Constitution and the Local Government Code. (Pasaylo, 2011)

There are seven barangays in the Municipality of Cainta and according to the 2007 Philippine Census Information; they have the following population figures:

Table 4 Population per Barangay

BARANGAYS POPULATION San Andres 100,147 San Isidro 47,393 San Juan 87,015 San Roque 7,802 Santa Rosa 1,589 Santo Niño 6,609 Santo Domingo 39,278

Political Subdivision

Barangay San Isidro has the largest land area and is the third most populous barangay in Cainta. It is situated in the northern part bounded by the City of Antipolo in the east, Marikina City in the north, and Pasig City in the south. Barangay Sto. Domingo is the second largest barangay in terms of land area. It is bounded by Barangays San Isidro in the north, San Andres in the south, and portions of Barangays Sto. Niño and Sta. Rosa in the

east.

Barangay San Juan is located at the eastern side of Cainta. It is separated from Barangays Sto. Niño, San Andres and San Roque by the Cainta River. Barangay San Andres, the most populous barangay, is also located at the eastern side of the Municipality and bounded by Barangays Sto. Domingo in the north, Barangay San Juan in the east and Pasig City in the south. Barangay San Roque is the least populous barangay.

Barangay Sto. Niño is the second smallest Barangay with a land area of 41.14 hectares while Barangay Sta. Rosa is the smallest with a land area of only 2.77 hectares.

Table 5 Land Areas of the Seven Barangays

BARANGAY AREA

(IN HECTARES)

Barangay San Andres 322.96

Barangay San Isidro** 2,158.90

Barangay San Juan** 675.5

Barangay San Roque 66.96

Barangay Sta. Rosa 2.77

Barangay Sto. Niño 41.14

Barangay Sto. Domingo** 1,021.29 Total 4,289.52

** areas where disputed territories are located

Source: Municipal Assessor’s Office

Rivers and Waterways

Cainta has the highest number of rivers and streams in the Province of Rizal. It is traversed by five rivers: Cainta River (20 kilometers long), Taytay River, Buli River, Bulao Rive and Samberga River and three creeks: Balanti Creek, Habangan Creek and Palilingonan Creek, which all drain into the Laguna Lake.

As is evident in the river network map in Figure 19, Cainta is a natural flood-plain since it is a low-lying area that becomes the “catch basin” of rainwater from the mountains of Antipolo. But with the worsening state of the waterways and rivers, combined with the urbanization problems and the impacts of climate change, the flooding in Cainta has become a grave concern for the local government.

The experiences with Super Typhoon Ondoy brought many lessons to the people of Cainta, especially the local government. Since then, the development of flooding mitigation strategies for Cainta has been a top priority for the municipality. A 1.2 kilometer drainage interceptor in a low-lying area in Barangay San Andres was recently constructed. Continuous dredging and desilting of major waterways such as the Cainta River and nearby creeks and tributaries have also been ongoing simultaneously with sewer rehabilitation and riprap construction.

Soil and Topography

Cainta used to be an agricultural land but due to the increase in population and rapid urbanization, the need for residential, commercial and industrial land eventually reduced the agricultural activities and eventually gave way to commercial, residential and industrial establishments.

Cainta's topography is generally level to nearly level (62%) with few sloping areas. A detailed slope category is indicated in the table below:

Table 6 Slope Category SLOPE CATEGORY (%) AREA (HECTARES) PERCENTAGE (TOTAL LAND AREA

OF CAINTA)

DESCRIPTION

0 - 2.5 2,660.80 62% Level to nearly level

2.6 - 5 368.28 9% Very gently sloping

5.1 - 10 1,049.59 24% Gently sloping

10.1 - 15 105.89 2% Moderately sloping

18 - 25 115.09 3% Strongly sloping

Major Fault System

Cainta is crossed by the south - southeast trending Binangonan Fault otherwise known as the East Marikina Valley Fault, which roughly represents the boundary between Cainta's lowland and its hills.

Figure 20 Ground Shaking Map

Public Funds for Public Services

Effective fiscal management has direct impacts on the budgetary allocations of the services provided to the public, especially in today’s decentralized government structure

where local government units are tasked to promote the general welfare and provide the basic services and facilities for the people. To ensure that the people’s needs are addressed and the municipality’s priority programs have sufficient funds, getting Cainta’s

The Municipality of Cainta has doubled its annual revenues from PhP331 million when Mayor Ilagan started in 2004, to PhP673 million in 2011. With the help of the Municipal Treasurer, Mr. Ed Villanueva, who is now the treasurer of Quezon City, and the budget head, Ms. Privada Gonzales, Cainta has consistently improved its financial condition and performance. Table 7 below gives a glimpse of how the Municipality of Cainta has consistently met its target income and increased its annual revenues. The revenues are channeled directly into public services that meet the municipality’s needs.

Table 7 Target Income and Annual Revenues (2004-2011)

YEAR TARGET INCOME ACTUAL INCOME % INCREASE ACTUAL EXPENSES 2004 340,000,000 331,125,023.15 209,449,921.92 2005 405,000,000 399,598,162.77 20.68% 301,445,151.80 2006 450,000,000 422,325,300.13 5.69% 344,434,548.20 2007 450,000,000 476,327,566.15 12.79% 415,211,956.03 2008 480,000,000 498,854,846.52 4.73% 420,184,786.27 2009 550,000,000 563,395,321.97 12.94% 484,840,719.33 2010 600,000,000 624,623,594.56 10.87% 508,432,292.56 2011 650,000,000 673,321,327.33 7.80% 550,882,421.24

In addition, almost half of business taxes amounting to PhP474 million collected in 2010 from the municipalities by the Provincial Government of Rizal came from Cainta with a contribution of PhP206 million. Cainta, despite being the locality with the smallest land area of about 43 square kilometers, is also the biggest municipal contributor to the province’s real property taxes.

The good financial standing of the Municipality of Cainta is reflected in the “Commission on Audit’s 2009 Annual Financial Report for Local Governments,” as

With equity or net assets of P1.464 billion and a gross income of P627 million, the Municipality of Cainta is considered as one of the richest municipalities in the country. The graph in Figure 21 charts the equities (net assets) and gross incomes of the top ten wealthiest municipalities in the Philippines.

Having sufficient funds meant that the LGU of Cainta is in a position to allocate budgetary resources to serve the people. As Gov. Joey Salceda of the Province of Albay once said, “Budget is the best articulation of public policy and instrument for its execution.” The power of the coffers should be utilized with good judgment, in accordance with the local government’s priority projects. The chart in Figure 22 shows

Cainta's latest expenditure program.

General Public Services 45% Health and Nutrition Program 15% Social Welfare Services 22% Economic Services 5% Reserve for Calamity 5% Development Projects 8% EXPENDITURE PROGRAM (DISTRIBUTION BY SECTOR)