CAPÍTULO II: CONCEPTO DE JUSTICIA DE PAZ
1. Introducción
3.1 La paz como atributo y vivencia personal
UNIT 3: FORFEITURE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES
Any share forfeited can be re-issued at any price so far the sum received on re-issue and the amount received from the original allotee before forfeiture makes up together at least the nominal value of the shares forfeited , any excess should be transferred to share premium account.
Accounting entries
I. Re-issue of forfeited shares:
Dr: Re-issue of forfeited shares account with the nominal value called-up to date of re-issue
Cr: Share capital account
II. Transfer the balance of the forfeited shares account:
Dr: Forfeited share account
Cr: Re-issue of forfeited shares account III. Cash received from new shareholders:
Dr: Bank account Cr: Re-issue account IV. Premium on re-issue:
Dr: Re-issue account Cr: Share premium account
Example 1: F Ltd has an authorised capital of ₦1m comprising of ordinary share capital of ₦1 each, the shares were issued at par, payment been made as follows:
Payable on application 10k
Payable on allotment 25k
Payable on first call 35k
Payable on second call 30k
Applications were received for 1.28m shares. It was decided to refund money on 80000 shares & allot the shares on the basis of 5 for every 6 applied for. The excess application money sent by the successful applicant is not to be refunded but is to be held & so reduce the amount payable on allotment.
Calls were made & paid in full with the exception of 3 members holding a combine total of 6000 shares who paid neither the 1st nor the 2nd call and another member who did not pay the 2nd call on 2000 shares. These shares were forfeited & reissued to Tayo at a price of 85k per share.
You are required to draft the ledger accounts to record the transaction.
Solution to Example 1
Dr Application Account Cr
₦ ₦
Bank- refund 8000 Bank 128000
Allotment 100000
Ordinary shares 20000
128000 128000
Dr Allotment Account Cr
₦ ₦
Ordinary share capital 250000 Application 20000 Bank 230000
250000 250000
Dr First Call Account Cr
₦ ₦
Ordinary share capital 350000 Bank 347900
_____ Forfeiture 2100
350000 350000
Dr Second Call Account Cr
₦ ₦
Ordinary share capital 300000 Bank 297600
Forfeiture 2400
300000 300000
Dr Ordinary Share Capital Account Cr
₦ ₦
Forfeiture 6000 Application 100000 Forfeiture 2000 Allotment 250000 Balance c/d 1000000 First call 350000
Second call 300000 Dayo 8000
1008000 1008000
Dr Bank Account Cr
₦ ₦
Application 128000 Refund- Application 8000
Allotment 230000 Balance c/d 1002300
First call 347900
Second call 297600
Dayo 6800
1010300 1010300
Dr Share Premium Account Cr
₦ ₦
Balance c/d 2300 Dayo 2300
Dr Forfeiture Account Cr
₦ ₦
First call 2100 Ordinary share capital 6000
Second call 2400 Ordinary share capital 2000
Dayo 3500
8000 8000
Dr Dayo’s Account Cr
₦ ₦
Ordinary Share Capital 8000 Bank 6800
Share premium 2300 Forfeiture 3500
10300 10300
Workings
Money on application: 1280000 × ₦0.10 = ₦128000 Refund: 80000 × ₦0.10= ₦8000
Applied for: 5/6(1280000-80000) × ₦0.10 =₦100000 Excess: 200000 × ₦0.10 = ₦20000
Allotment: 1000000 shares × ₦0.25 = ₦250000
First call:
Money on 1st call: 1000000 shares × ₦0.35 = ₦350000 Forfeiture: 6000 shares × ₦0.35 = ₦2100
Second call:
Money on 2nd call: 1000000 shares × ₦0.30 = ₦300000 Forfeiture: (6000 + 2000) shares × ₦0.30 = ₦2400
Forfeited shares(nominal value): 6000 shares × ₦1 = ₦6000
Re-issued(Bank): 8000 × ₦0.85 = ₦6800 Re-issue of Forfeited Shares
It is possible to re-issue forfeited shares as fully paid by selling them to a new buyer at any price provided that the amount received on the re-issue, plus the amount received on the shares from the original holder, is at least equal to the called-up value in the case of shares not fully paid or to the nominal value in the case of fully paid shares (Ishola, 2012).
When a forfeited share is re-issued, the necessary accounting entries are:
a. Credit: Share Capital Account with total amount called Debit: Forfeited share Re-Issued Account
b. Debit: Forfeited Shares Account with balance outstanding Credit: Forfeited Shares Re-issued Account
c. Debit: Cash account with amount received
Credit: Forefeited Share Re-issue Account. It should be noted that if the amount payable on re-issue is the same as the amount unpaid by the original member, plus the amount of any calls made since the date of forfeiture, the Forfeited Shares Re-issued Account will be closed by the above entries, but if the new buyer agrees to pay more than this amount, the account will still show a credit balance which represents a profit or premium on the re-issue of the shares. Therefore, the necessary accounting entries are:
d. Debit: Forfeited Share Re-Issued Account with amount necessary to close off the account.
Credit: Share Premium Account
The balance in the Share Premium Account is shown as a separate item in the Statement of Financial Position grouped under the heading: “Capital Reserve”.
Example 2
Ayo and Company (Nigeria) Limited invited applications for 400,000 shares of N1.00 each at a premium of 30k per share as follows:
January 1 20x7 on application 20k
January 10 20x7 on allotment (including the premium) 50k
January 20 20x7 First call 30k
January 25 20x7 Second call 30k
Applications were received for 480,000 shares. Allotments were made of 400,000 shares pro rara to all applicants and the balance of the application money was credited towards the amount payable on allotment.
One applicants who had been alloyed 2,400 shares did not pay the allotment money and the directors decided to forfeit the shares. Another shareholder who had been allotted 4,000 shares did not pay either of the two calls and the directors then forfeited the shares. All the shares forfeited were re-issued as fully paid at a price of 90k per share on 27 January 20x1
Required: Record the above mentioned transactions in the appropriate ledger accounts and show how the balances on such accounts should appear in the company’s statement of financial position as on 31st January, 20x7
Solution to Example 2
Dr Application & Allotment a/c Cr
N N
Jan. 10 Share Capital 160,000 Jan. 1 Bank 96,000
Jan 10 Share Premium 120,000 Jan 10. Bank 182,800
______ Jan 10 Forfeited Shares 1,200
280,000 280,000
Dr Bank A/c Cr
N N
Jan 1 Application & Allotment 96,000 Jan. 27 Balance c/d 520,720 Jan 10. Application & Allotment 182,800
Jan 20 First Call 118,080
Jan 25 Second Call 118,080
Jan 27 Forfeited shares
Re-issued a/c 5,760 _______
520,720 520,720
Jan 31 Balance b/d 520,720
Dr Share Capital a/c Cr
N N
Jan 10. Forfeited share a/c 960 Jan 10 Application & Allotment 160,000 Jan 20 Forfeited shares 4,000 Jan 20 First call 119,280
Jan 27 Balance c/d 400,000 Jan 25 Second Call 119,280
Jan 27 Forfeited shares
_______ Re-issued a/c 6,400
404,960 404,960
Jan 31 Balance b/d 400,000
Dr Share Premium Cr
N N
Jan 10 Forfeited shares 720 Jan 10 Application & Allotment 120,000 Jan 27 Balance c/d 120,720 Jan 27 Forfeited shares
______ Re-issued a/c 1,440
121,440 121,440
Jan 31 Balance b/d 120,720
Dr Forfeited Shares a/c Cr
N N
Jan 10 Application & Allotment 1,200 Jan 10 Share Capital 960
Jan 20 First call 1,200 Jan 10 Share Premium 720
Jan 25 Second Call 1,200 Jan 20 Share Capital 4,000
Jan 27 Forfeited shares
Re-issued a/c 2,080 _____
5,680 5,680
Dr First Call a/c Cr
N N
Jan 20 Share Capital 119,280 Jan 20 Bank 118,080
_______ Jan 20 Forfeited shares 1,200
119,280 119,280
Dr Second and Final Call Cr
N N
Jan 25 Share Capital 119,280 Jan 25 Bank 118,080
_______ Jan 25 Forfeited shares 1,200
119,280 119,280
Dr Forfeited Share Re-Issued a/c Cr
N N
Jan 27 Share Capital 6,400 Jan 27 Forfeited Share a/c 2,080
Jan 27 Share Premium 1,440 Jan 27 Bank 5,760
7,840 7,840
AYO & COMPANY (NIGERIA) LIMITED STATEMENT OF FINACIAL POSITION (EXTRACT)
Issued Share Capital:
400,000 shares of N1 each 400,000
Capital Reserve:
Share Premium 120,700
520,720 Current Asset:
Bank 520,720
Workings
Application money received 480,000 x 20k = N96,000 Share capital:
On application 400,000 x 20k = 80,000 On Allotment 400,000 x 20k = 80,000 160,000 Share Premium 400,000 x 30k = 120,000 Money Received on Allotment
= (400,000 x 50k) – (80,000 x 20k) - (2,400 x 50k)
= 200,000 – (160,000 + 1,200) = N182,800 First call = (400,000 – 2,400) x 30l = N119,280 Money received on First Call
= N119,280 – (4,000 x 30k)
= N119,280 – N1,200) = N118,080 Second call (400,000 – 2,400) x 30k = N119,280 Money received on Second Call
= N119,280 – N1,200 = N118,080
Money received on Re-issue == (4000 + 2,400) x 90k = N5,760
SELF ASSESSMENT EXERCISE
What do you understand by forfeiture of share?