MEDIEVAL LUXURY CERAMICS IN TWO CASTLES OF THE ‘COMPOSTELA’S MITER’
M. Pilar Prieto Martínez Departamento de Historia
Product nameplate labels, qualification card labels, electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection labels, radiation warning labels, grounding labels, high temperature warning labels, and other types of labels are affixed in their respective positions on the chassis. Adhere to any warnings or instructions on the labels when performing various tasks to avoid any personal injury or damage to equipment.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
3.1 System Architecture
An OptiX RTN 380 has one physical board, which is displayed as SHUF3 on the network management system (NMS) and occupies logical slot 1.
The SHUF3 board is physically divided into multiple function units based on logical functions.
Block Diagram
Figure 3-1 Block diagram
USB port clock signals to other units
Antenna Ethernet
switching Ethernet unit
access GE signal unit
RF
-48 V Supplies power
to other units
-48 V PI Baseband processing unit
Control signal
RSSI port RSSI test level signal
NMS signal
NMS signal
OptiX RTN 380
NMS port 1+1 cascade
CPRI signal CPRI signal
GE signal
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Function Units
Function Unit Description
Ethernet access unit For Ethernet service transmission:
l Receives/Transmits Ethernet service signals.
l Converts serial Ethernet signals into parallel Ethernet signals.
l Performs frame delimitation, preamble stripping, and cyclic redundancy checks (CRCs).
l Transmits power signals to the power supply unit.
For common public radio interface (CPRI) service transmission:
l Receives/Transmits CPRI service signals through the CPRI port.
l Converts serial CPRI signals into parallel CPRI signals.
Ethernet switching unit l Processes VLAN tags in Ethernet service signals.
l Performs quality of service (QoS) processing for Ethernet frames.
l Grooms services and processes protocols.
Baseband processing unit l The MUX unit maps/demaps service signals to/from microwave frame signals.
l The MUX unit extracts overhead bytes from microwave frames and transmits the overhead bytes to the SCC unit.
l The modem unit modulates and demodulates digital signals.
l The modem unit performs forward error correction (FEC).
l The modem unit performs conversion between analog and digital signals.
RF processing unit l Performs frequency conversion and power amplification, and sends RF signals to antennas in the transmit direction.
l In the receive direction, separates, filters, down converts, and amplifies RF signals to convert RF signals to baseband analog signals.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Function Unit Description
SCC unit l Controls and manages other units, and
collects alarms and performance events over the control bus.
l Processes network management messages in data communications channels (DCCs).
l Reads data from a USB flash drive through its USB port for simple initial configurations or software upgrades.
l If a 1+1 protection group is configured, the SCC units of the main and standby NEs exchange data communication network (DCN) information and 1+1 protection protocol information through the 1+1 cascade ports.
Clock unit l Extracts clock signals and provides them
to other units.
l Receives and processes IEEE 1588v2 protocol messages for time
synchronization.
l If a 1+1 protection group is configured, the standby NE synchronizes its clock with that of the main NE through the 1+1 cascade ports.
Power unit l Receives -48 V DC power signals.
l Provides power signals to other units.
3.2 Service Signal Processing Flow
This section describes how the function units of OptiX RTN 380 process GE signals.
Figure 3-2 Signal processing flow
Ethernet OptiX RTN 380
MUX unit
Modem unit Baseband processing unit Service
bus
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Table 3-1 Signal processing in the transmit direction St
ep
Function Unit Processing Flow
1 Ethernet access unit l Receives/Transmits Ethernet service signals.
l Extracts Ethernet frames from FE/GE service signals.
2 Ethernet switching unit
l Performs Layer 2 protocol processing and quality of service (QoS) processing for the Ethernet frames.
l Transmits processed FE/GE service signals to the baseband processing unit.
3 Baseband processing unit
l Receives FE/GE service signals from the Ethernet switching unit.
l Turns FE/GE service signals and microwave frame overheads into microwave frames.
l Performs forward error correction (FEC) coding.
l Selects a proper modulation scheme based on the current channel quality.
l Performs modulation and digital/analog conversion.
l Transmits modulated signals to the RF processing unit.
4 RF processing unit l Performs up-conversion and power amplification to convert the modulated signals into RF signals.
l Transmits the RF signals to the antenna through a flexible waveguide.
Table 3-2 Signal processing in the receive direction St
ep Function Unit Processing Flow
1 RF processing unit l Isolates and filters RF signals.
l Performs down-conversion and power amplification.
l Transmits the modulated signals to the baseband processing unit.
2 Baseband processing unit
l Receives modulated signals from the RF processing unit.
l Performs analog/digital conversion.
l Demodulates signals.
l Performs FEC decoding.
l Extracts overhead signals and Ethernet frames from microwave frames.
l Transmits the Ethernet frames to the Ethernet switching unit.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
St
ep Function Unit Processing Flow 3 Ethernet switching
unit
l Receives Ethernet frames from the baseband processing unit.
l Processes the Ethernet frames based on service configurations and Layer 2 protocols.
l Transmits the Ethernet frames to the Ethernet access unit.
4 Ethernet access unit Performs parallel/serial conversion and transmits the Ethernet signals.
3.3 Ports and Indicators
RTN 380 has most of its ports and indicators on one side for easy cabling and monitoring.
3.3.1 Ports
An RTN 380 has one GE port, one COMBO port, one P&E port, one USB port, RSSI/NMS port, and one antenna port (RSSI is short for received signal strength indicator and NMS for network management system).
Port Positions
Figure 3-3 Port positions
1. GE port 2. COMBO port 3. P&E port 4. PWR port 5. USB/RSSI/NMS port 7. Antenna port 6. PGND
ground point
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Table 3-3 Ports
No. Port Description Connector Type Cable
1 GE GE optical port Small form-factor
pluggable (SFP)
2 COMBO Composite port that can function as any of the following ports through software setting:
l GE optical port l 1+1 cascade port l CPRI port NOTE
When transmitting CPRI services, GE and P&E ports cannot receive/transmit Ethernet services.
SFP module:
l GE optical port: supports 1000base-LX and 1000base-SX.
l 1+1 cascade port: supports 1000Base-SX.
l CPRI port: See Table 3-5.
l GE optical port/1+1 cascade port: 8.7 Optical Fibers l CPRI port:
8.7 Optical Fibers
3 P&E Power over Ethernet port, which can concurrently receive FE/GE electrical signals, -48 V power signals, and NMS signals
P&E connector 8.3 P&E Cables
4 PWR -48 V DC power port
NOTE
The P&E port and DC power port cannot supply power at the same time.
Waterproof power connector
8.1 OptiX RTN 380 Power Cables
5 USB/RSSI/
NMS
Three ports are available: USB port, RSSI port, and NMS port.
l USB port: You can insert a USB flash drive into the USB port to import initial configuration data, to back up NE data, or to upgrade software.
l RSSI port: You can obtain the received signal level (RSL) of an RTN 380 by testing the voltage at the RSSI port using a multimeter.
l NMS port: The NMS port transmits network management signals, sharing an RJ45 connector with the RSSI port but using different pins from the RSSI port.
USB port: USB connector RSSI port/NMS port: RJ45 connector
-Product Description 3 Product Structure
No. Port Description Connector Type Cable
6 PGND point - M5 screw 8.4 OptiX RTN
380 PGND Cables 7 Antenna port l An antenna port connects to an antenna, or
a hybrid coupler.
l RTN 380 can adapt its polarization direction to the hybrid coupler or antenna.
153IEC-R740, which can be connected to a UG387/U-R740
-NOTE
l On the NMS, a P&E port that functions as an Ethernet service port is displayed as a GE1 port, a COMBO port that functions as an Ethernet service port is displayed as a GE2 port, and a GE port is displayed as a GE3 port.
l Unused ports must be capped.
GE Optical Port
A GE optical port receives/transmits Ethernet services using an SFP optical module.
An SFP optical module provides one TX port and one RX port. For details, see Figure 3-4, in which TX represents the transmit port and RX represents the receive port.
Figure 3-4 Ports of an SFP optical module
TX RX
Table 3-4 lists the types of SFP optical modules that the GE optical port supports.
Table 3-4 SFP optical modules supported by the GE optical port
Part Number Module Type Wavelength and
Transmission Distance
34060321 1000BASE-SX 850 nm, 0.5 km
34060290 1000BASE-LX 1310 nm, 10 km
COMBO Port
A COMBO port is a versatile composite port and can be configured as a GE service port, 1+1 cascade port, or CPRI port.
l If a COMBO port is configured as a GE optical port, it supports the same types of SFP optical modules as the GE optical port.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
l If a COMBO port is configured as a 1+1 cascade port, it uses a 1000BASE-SX optical module. Two RTN 380s can be configured as a 1+1 protection group by connecting their 1+1 cascade ports.
l If the COMBO port is configured as a CPRI port, RTN 380 and the interconnected BBU/
RRU must use the same type of SFP optical module. Table 3-5 lists the supported SFP optical module types.
Table 3-5 Types of SFP optical modules
BOM Number Rate Wavelength and
Transmission Distance
34060286/34060321 1.2288 Gbit/s 850 nm, 0.5 km
34060290 1310 nm, 10 km
34060365 2.4576 Gbit/s 850 nm, 0.3 km
34060327 1310 nm, 2 km
34060336 1310 nm, 15 km
P&E Port
A P&E port is a power-over-Ethernet port and can simultaneously receive GE electrical signals, -48 V power signals, and NMS signals. It is either connected to a power injector (PI) or an EG4P board on an OptiX RTN 900.
A P&E port has 12 pins, as shown in Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5 Front view of the P&E port
Table 3-6 Pin assignments for the P&E port
Pin No. Signal Function
1 BIDA+/BGND Bidirectional data wire A (+)/
Power ground
2 BIDA-/BGND Bidirectional data wire A (-)/
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Pin No. Signal Function
3 BIDB+/-48 V Bidirectional data wire B (+)/
Power signal (-48 V)
4 BIDB-/-48 V Bidirectional data wire B (-)/
Power signal (-48 V)
5 BIDC+/BGND Bidirectional data wire C (+)/
Power ground
6 BIDC-/BGND Bidirectional data wire C (-)/
Power ground
7 BIDD+/-48 V Bidirectional data wire D (+)/
Power signal (-48 V)
8 BIDD-/-48 V Bidirectional data wire D (-)/
Power signal (-48 V)
9 TX+ Signal output (+)
10 TX- Signal output (-)
11 RX+ Signal input (+)
12 RX- Signal input (-)
PWR Port
A PWR port supplies -48 V power signals to an RTN 380. It must be used if the RTN 380 is more than 100 meters away from a power supply device.
Figure 3-6 Front view of the PWR port
USB/RSSI/NMS Ports
The USB and RSSI/NMS ports are independent from each other but share one protective cap.
For details, see Figure 3-7.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Figure 3-7 Front view of the USB/RSSI/NMS ports
USB port RSSI/NMS port
The RSSI port and the NMS port share an RJ45 connector. Table 3-7 provides the pin assignments.
Table 3-7 Pin assignments for the RJ45 connector on the RSSI/NMS port
Pin No. Signal
1 Signal output (+)
2 signal output (-)
3 Signal input (+)
4 Ground
5 Reserved
6 Signal input (-)
7 RSSI test level signal
8 Reserved
NOTE
The NMS port inside the P&E port and the NMS port inside the RSSI/NMS port physically share the same port, so use only the P&E port or the RSSI/NMS port as an NMS port at one time. The RSSI/NMS port is used as an NMS port only when no 12–core P&E cable is available to connect the equipment to the NMS for service commissioning or maintenance.
3.3.2 Indicators
An RTN 380 has one GE optical port indicator, one COMBO port indicator, one USB port indicator, and one system indicator.
The indicators are located inside ports, and indicate the operating status of equipment during the installation, commissioning, and maintenance processes.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Figure 3-8 Indicator positions
GE optical port indicator COMBO port indicator USB port indicator System indicator
Table 3-8 Indicator status explanation
Indicator Status Meaning
GE optical port indicator Steady green The GE optical port is connected correctly, but is not receiving or transmitting data.
Blinks green The GE optical port is receiving or transmitting data.
Off The GE optical port
is not connected or is incorrectly
connected.
COMBO port indicator NOTE
The status and meaning of the COMBO port varies according to its function.
GE optical port Steady green The GE optical port is connected correctly, but is not receiving or transmitting data.
Blinks green The GE optical port is receiving or transmitting data.
Off The GE optical port
is not connected or is incorrectly
connected.
1+1 cascade port Steady green The 1+1 cascade port is connected
correctly.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Indicator Status Meaning
Blinks green The 1+1 cascade port is receiving or transmitting data.
Off The 1+1 cascade port
is not connected or is incorrectly
connected.
CPRI port Steady green The CPRI port is
connected correctly, and services are running properly.
Off The CPRI port is not
connected, or services are abnormal.
USB port indicator Steady green Backing up or
recovering data is complete.
Blinks on (green) and off at 300 ms intervals
Data is being backed up or recovered.
Steady red l The USB flash drive is faulty, or the NE does not support the USB flash drive.
l Backing up or recovering data has failed.
Off No USB flash drive
is connected to the USB port.
System indicator Blinks on (green) and
off at 100 ms intervals
Software is being loaded during the power-on or resetting process of the equipment.
Blinks on (green) and off at 300 ms intervals
Software is in the BIOS boot state during the power-on or resetting process of the equipment.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Indicator Status Meaning
Steady green l The upper-layer software is being initialized during the power-on or resetting process of the equipment.
l Software is running normally during the operating process of the equipment.
Steady red l The memory self-check has failed or loading the upper-layer software has failed during the power-on or resetting process of the equipment.
l The logic file or upper-layer software has been lost during the operating process of the equipment.
Off The equipment has
been powered off.
NOTE
After you load data to an RTN 380 using a USB flash drive, the RTN 380 automatically resets. All the indicates are off during the reset. After the reset is complete, observe the system indicator to learn about the status of the RTN 380.
3.4 Labels
Product nameplate labels, qualification card labels, electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection labels, radiation warning labels, grounding labels, high temperature warning labels, and other types of labels are affixed in their respective positions on the chassis. Adhere to any warnings or instructions on the labels when performing various tasks to avoid any personal injury or damage to equipment.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Label Positions
Figure 3-9 Label positions
ESD protection label
Radiation warning label
High temperature warning label Grounding label
Bar code Product nameplate label
MAC address label
ESD
Label Description
Table 3-9 Label description
Label Label Name Description
Product nameplate label
Indicates the product name and certification.
Bar code Uniquely
identifies a chassis.
MAC address label
Indicates the equipment's MAC address.
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Label Label Name Description ESD protection
label
Indicates that the equipment is sensitive to static electricity.
Radiation warning label
Indicates that the equipment generates electromagnetic radiation.
High temperature warning label
Indicates that the equipment surface
temperature may exceed 70°C when the ambient temperature is higher than 55°
C. Wear protective gloves to handle the equipment.
Grounding label Indicates the ground position of a chassis.
Product Nameplate Label
Figure 3-10 Product nameplate label
Product Description 3 Product Structure
Table 3-10 Description of the product nameplate label
Label Information Content Example Parameter Parameter Meaning
Product name - Product name
ITEM - Identifies a product
type.
T/R SPACING - Indicates a T/R
spacing (GHz).
TX 1 2 1: TX high/low site l Hi: TX high site
l Lo: TX low site 2: TX frequency
range
l Transmit frequency of the TX high site:
81.0–86.0 GHz l Transmit
frequency of the TX low site:
71.0-76.0 GHz
Product Description 3 Product Structure
4 Networking and Applications
About This Chapter
OptiX RTN 380s can independently form chain or ring networks at the tails of mobile backhaul networks, or work with OptiX RTN 900s at convergence links, or form supplementary networks in areas where optical fibers are difficult to lay out.