A substantial revision of the dataset of goat and cow milk transfer parameters has improved information on both the provenance and transparency of the data used in previous international data reviews; these values replace those given in TRS 472 [1]. In the revised cow milk dataset produced under MODARIA WG4, Fm and CR values are now reported for 43 elements, based upon 825 data entries for Fm and 824 data entries for CR. The improved data are intended to support national authorities in meeting the requirements of IAEA Safety Standards Series No.
GSR Part 3, Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety Standards [59], with respect to REIA for facilities and activities.
The Fm values in the cow milk dataset are within an order of magnitude of those reported in TRS 472. Slightly larger changes are seen in the CR values, but the increase in size of the dataset creates greater confidence in the updated values compared with those given in TRS 472. CR values for a further 14 elements are now included in the dataset for goat milk. Overall, there are only minor differences in values for CR and Fm reported in the goat milk dataset compared with TRS 472. Data gaps remain for elements with isotopes that are potentially relevant to radiological impact assessment, such as many naturally occurring radionuclides, plutonium and americium.
Correlations were found between fractional gastrointestinal absorption and transfer to goat and cow milk. In the absence of available data, gut absorption values for ruminants in TRS 472 [1]
or for humans in ICRP publications [60, 61] can be used to estimate order of magnitude values of transfer parameters to milk for different radionuclides.
REFERENCES
[1] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Handbook of Parameter Values for the Prediction of Radionuclide Transfer in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments, Technical Reports Series No. 472, IAEA, Vienna (2010).
[2] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Handbook of Parameter Values for the Prediction of Radionuclide Transfer to Wildlife, Technical Reports Series No. 479, IAEA, Vienna (2014).
[3] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Sediment Distribution Coefficients and Concentration Factors for Biota in the Marine Environment, Technical Reports Series No. 422, IAEA, Vienna (2004).
[4] BERESFORD, N.A., et al., Making the most of what we have: application of extrapolation approaches in radioecological wildlife transfer models, J. Environ.
Radioact. 151 2 (2016) 373.
[5] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Environmental Sensitivity in Nuclear Emergencies in Rural and Semi-natural Environments, IAEA-TECDOC-1719, IAEA, Vienna (2014).
[6] BROWN, J.E., et al., A new version of the ERICA tool to facilitate impact assessments of radioactivity on wild plants and animals, J. Environ. Radioact. 153 (2016) 141.
[7] INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION, Environmental Protection: The Concept and Use of Reference Animals and Plants, ICRP Publication 108, Annals of the ICRP 38 (4‒6) (2008).
[8] HOWARD, B.J., WELLS, C., BERESFORD, N.A., COPPLESTONE, D., Exploring methods to prioritise concentration ratios when estimating weighted absorbed dose rates to terrestrial Reference Animals and Plants, J. Environ.
Radioact. 126 (2013) 326.
[9] GROUPE RADIOECOLOGIE NORD-COTENTIN, Inventaire Des Rejets Radioactifs Des Installations Nucléaires, GRNC (1999) (in French).
[10] DOERING, C., BOLLHÖFER, A., A soil radiological quality guideline value for wildlife-based protection in uranium mine rehabilitation, J. Environ. Radioact. 151 3 (2016) 522.
[11] AREVA, Rapport Annuel de Surveillance de l’environnement Du Site AREVA La Hague- Année 2014 (2015) (in French).
[12] AGENCE NATIONALE POUR LA GESTION DES DÉCHETS RADIOACTIFS, Centre de stockage de la Manche, Rapport d’information Sur La Sûreté Nucléaire et La Radioprotection 2014, ANDRA Rapport Annuel 2014 (2015) (in French).
[13] ÉLECTRICITÉ DE FRANCE, Centrales Nucléaires et Environnement, Prélèvements d’eau et Rejets, EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, EDF (2014) (in French).
[14] COMMISSARIAT À L’ÉNERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ÉNERGIES ALTERNATIVES, Publication de l’estimation Des Doses Reçues Par La Population, CEA (2012) (in French).
[15] INSTITUT DE RADIOPROTECTION ET DE SÛRETÉ NUCLÉAIRE, L’accident de Tchernobyl et Ses Conséquences Pour l’environnement et La Santé, Le Panache Radioactif, IRSN (2011) (in French).
[16] INSTITUT DE RADIOPROTECTION ET DE SÛRETÉ NUCLÉAIRE, Évaluation de La Radioactivité Rejetée Par La Centrale de Fukushima Daiichi (Fukushima I) Jusqu’au 22 Mars 2011, Note d’information, IRSN (2011) (in French).
[17] INSTITUT DE RADIOPROTECTION ET DE SÛRETÉ NUCLÉAIRE, Fukushima, 1 an Après, Premières Analyses de l’accident et de Ses Consequences, Rapport IRSN/DG/2012-001 (2012) (in French).
[18] GROUPE D’EXPERTISE PLURALISTE SUR LES SITES MINIERS D’URANIUM DU LIMOUSIN, Recommandations Pour La Gestion Des Anciens Sites Miniers d’uranium En France, Des Sites Du Limousin Aux Autres Sites, Du Court Aux Moyen et Long Termes, GEP mines (2010) (in French).
[19] BEAUGELIN-SEILLER, K., HOWARD, B.J., GARNIER-LAPLACE, J., An approach to identifying the relative importance of different radionuclides in ecological radiological risk assessment: Application to nuclear power plant releases, J. Environ. Radioact. 197 (2019) 116.
[20] SIMON-CORNU, M., et al., Evaluating variability and uncertainty in radiological impact assessment using SYMBIOSE, J. Environ. Radioact. 139 (2015) 91.
[21] BERESFORD, N.A., et al., Predicting the radiation exposure of terrestrial wildlife in the Chernobyl exclusion zone: an international comparison of approaches, J. Radiol. Prot. 30 2 (2010) 341.
[22] JOHANSEN, M.P., et al., Assessing doses to terrestrial wildlife at a radioactive waste disposal site: Inter-comparison of modelling approaches, Sci. Total Environ.
427–428 (2012) 238.
[23] VIVES I BATLLE, J., et al., Inter-comparison of absorbed dose rates for non-human biota, Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 46 4 (2007) 349.
[24] VIVES I BATLLE, J., et al., The estimation of absorbed dose rates for non-human biota: an extended intercomparison, Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 50 2 (2011) 231.
[25] YANKOVICH, T.L., et al., Whole-body to tissue concentration ratios for use in biota dose assessments for animals, Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 49 4 (2010) 549.
[26] MARTIN, P., HANCOCK, G.J., Routine Analysis of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides in Environmental Samples by Alpha-Particle Spectrometry, Supervising Scientist Report 180, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Commonwealth of Australia, Darwin (2004).
[27] READ, J., PICKERING, R., Ecological and Toxicological Effects of Exposure to an Acidic, Radioactive Tailings Storage, Environ. Monit. Assess. 54 1 (1999) 69.
[28] CLULOW, F.V., MIRKA, M.A., DAVÉ, N.K., LIM, T.P., 226Ra and other radionuclides in water, vegetation, and tissues of beavers (Castor canadensis) from a watershed containing U tailings near Elliot Lake, Canada, Environ. Pollut. 69 4 (1991) 277.
[29] CLULOW, F.V., Radionuclide Uptake by Beaver and Ruffed Grouse in the Serpent River Basin, Research Report, Canada (1988).
[30] DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY, Assessment Report:
Ranger Mine Closure Plan, Supervising Scientist, Internal Report 658, Commonwealth of Australia, Darwin (2018).
[31] DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY, Environmental Radiation — Rehabilitation Standard for the Ranger Uranium Mine (Version 1), Supervising Scientist, Commonwealth of Australia, Darwin (2018).
[32] DOERING, C., BOLLHÖFER, A., A database of radionuclide activity and metal concentrations for the Alligator Rivers Region uranium province, J. Environ.
Radioact. 162–163 (2016) 154.
[33] WOOD, M.D., BERESFORD, N.A., HOWARD, B.J., COPPLESTONE, D., Evaluating summarised radionuclide concentration ratio datasets for wildlife, J. Environ. Radioact. 126 (2013) 314.
[34] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Handbook of Parameter Values for the Prediction of Radionuclide Transfer in Temperate Environments, Technical Reports Series No. 364, IAEA, Vienna (1994).
[35] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Quantification of Radionuclide Transfer in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments for Radiological Assessments, IAEA-TECDOC-1616, IAEA, Vienna (2009).
[36] HOWARD, B.J., BERESFORD, N.A., BARNETT, C.L., FESENKO, S., Radionuclide transfer to animal products: revised recommended transfer coefficient values, J. Environ. Radioact. 100 3 (2009) 263.
[37] HOWARD, B.J., BERESFORD, N.A., BARNETT, C.L., FESENKO, S., Quantifying the transfer of radionuclides to food products from domestic farm animals, J. Environ. Radioact. 100 9 (2009) 767.
[38] BERESFORD, N.A., MAYES, R.W., BARNETT, C.L., HOWARD, B.J., The transfer of radiocaesium to ewes through a breeding cycle, An illustration of the pitfalls of the transfer coefficient, J. Environ. Radioact. 98 1–2 (2007) 24.
[39] NG, Y.C., et al., Transfer Coefficients for Assessing the Dose from Radionuclides in Meat and Eggs: Final Report, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. Division of Systems Integration, Washington, D.C.
(1982).
[40] HOWARD, B.J., WELLS, C., BARNETT, C.L., Improving the quantity, quality and transparency of data used to derive radionuclide transfer parameters for animal products, 1. Goat milk, J. Environ. Radioact. 154 (2016) 34.
[41] HOWARD, B.J., WELLS, C., BARNETT, C.L., HOWARD, D.C., Improving the quantity, quality and transparency of data used to derive radionuclide transfer parameters for animal products, 2. Cow milk, J. Environ. Radioact. 167 (2017) 254.
[42] NG, Y.C., PHILLIPS, W.A., RICKER, Y.E., TANDY, R.K., THOMPSON, S.E., Methodology for assessing dose commitment to individuals and to the population from ingestion of terrestrial foods contaminated by emissions from a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant at the Savannah River Plant, California University, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, USA, UCID-17743 (1978).
[43] COUGHTREY, P.J., Radioactivity Transfer to Animal Products, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg (1990).
[44] NG, Y.C., A Review of Transfer Factors for Assessing the Dose from Radionuclides in Agricultural Products, Nucl. Saf. 23 (1982) 57.
[45] COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Radionuclide Transfer Factors for Animal Feeding Stuffs and Animal Products, CEC Luxembourg (1987).
[46] CRAMP, T.J., CUFF, Y.S., DAVIS, A., MORGAN, J.E., Review of Data for Uranium, Nickel and Cobalt, Rep. 2150-RI, Associated Nuclear Services Ltd, Epsom (1990).
[47] ASSOCIATED NUCLEAR SERVICES LIMITED, Review of literature for chlorine, technetium, iodine and neptunium, ANS 780–R2 and NSS/R193, Epsom (1989).
[48] FESENKO, S., et al., Review of Russian language studies on radionuclide behaviour in agricultural animals, Part 1. Gut absorption, J. Environ. Radioact. 98 1–2 (2007) 85.
[49] FESENKO, S., et al., Review of Russian language studies on radionuclide behaviour in agricultural animals, Part 2. Transfer to milk, J. Environ. Radioact. 98 1–2 (2007) 104.
[50] FESENKO, S., et al., Review of Russian language studies on radionuclide behaviour in agricultural animals, Part 3. Transfer to muscle, J. Environ. Radioact.
100 3 (2009) 215.
[51] FESENKO, S., et al., Review of Russian-language studies on radionuclide behaviour in agricultural animals, Part 4. Transfer to poultry, J. Environ. Radioact.
100 10 (2009) 815.
[52] NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL (U.S.), SUBCOMMITTEE ON DAIRY CATTLE NUTRITION, Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. (2001).
[53] COUNCIL, N.R., Mineral Tolerance of Animals: Second Revised Edition, 2005, The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. (2005).
[54] GIVEN, D.I., MOSS, A.R., Tables of Nutritive Value and Chemical Composition of Feedingstuffs, UK Table of Nutritive Value and Chemical Composition of Feedingstuffs, Ministry of Agricultural Fisheries and Food Standing Committee on Tables of Feed Composition, UK (1990).
[55] UNDERWOOD, E.J., Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition, Academic Press, New York (1977).
[56] CLAUSS, M., STEUER, P., MÜLLER, D.W.H., CODRON, D., HUMMEL, J., Herbivory and body size: Allometries of diet quality and gastrointestinal physiology, and implications for herbivore ecology and dinosaur gigantism, Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich (2013).
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/84221/1/Clauss_2013_PLoSOne_herbivorybody size.pdf
[57] CONI, E., et al., Minor and trace element content in sheep and goat milk and dairy products, Food Chem. 57 2 (1996) 253.
[58] HOWARD, B.J., WELLS, C., BARNETT, C.L., SHEPPARD, S.C., How knowledge of the gastrointestinal absorption of elements could be used to predict transfer to milk, Scientific Reports 6 (2016) 37041.
[59] EUROPEAN COMMISSION, FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS, INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION, OECD NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY, PAN AMERICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION, UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME, WORLD HEATH ORGANIZATION, Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety Standards, IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSR Part 3, IAEA, Vienna (2014).
[60] INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION, Human alimentary tract model for radiological protection, ICRP Publication 100, Annals of the ICRP 36 (1–2) (2006).
[61] INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION, Limits for intakes of radionuclides by workers, ICRP Publication 30 (Part 2), Annals of the ICRP 4 (3–4) (1980).
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AM Arithmetic mean
ASD Arithmetic standard deviation
CEA Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives
CR Concentration ratio
CV Coefficient of variation DMI Dry matter intake EDF Électricité de France
EMRAS Environmental Modelling for Radiation Safety
ERICA Environmental Risk from Ionising Contaminants: Assessment and Management
GM Geometric mean
GSD Geometric standard deviation
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection IRSN Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire, France MODARIA Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments NORM Naturally occuring radioactive material
PDF Probabilistic density function
REIA Radiological environmental impact assessment RAPs Reference animals and plants
TECDOC Technical document TRS Technical Reports Series
WG4 Working Group 4
CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW
Barnett, C. UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom Beaugelin-Seiller, K. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, France Bolllhöfer, A. Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising
Scientist, Australia
Boyer, C. Électricité de France, France
Brown, J. International Atomic Energy Agency
Doering, C. Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australia
Fesenko, S. Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Russian Federation
Halsall, C. International Atomic Energy Agency
Howard, B. University of Nottingham and UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom
Howard, D. UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom
Iurian, A. International Atomic Energy Agency
Libert, M. Commissariat á l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, France
Phaneuf, M. Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, Canada
Sheppard, S. ECOMATTERS, Canada
Thorne, M. Mike Thorne and Associates Limited, United Kingdom Turtiainen, T. Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Finland
Wells, C. UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom Yankovich, T. International Atomic Energy Agency
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Al Neaimi, A. Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation, United Arab Emirates
Andersson, P. Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, Sweden Aravin, A. Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, India
Attarilar, A. Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Barnett, C. UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom Bartusková, M. National Radiation Protection Institute, Czech Republic Beaugelin-Seiller, K. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, France Beleznai, P. Centre for Energy Research, Hungary
Benkrid, M. Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Algeria
Beresford, N. UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom Bollhöfer, A. Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising
Scientist, Australia
Boust, D. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire, France
Boyer, C. Électricité de France, France
Boyer, P. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, France
Bradshaw, C. Stockholm University, Sweden
Brittain, J. University of Oslo, Norway
Brown, J. International Atomic Energy Agency
Bucher, B. Swiss Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate, Switzerland Bugai, D. National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine, Ukraine Caffrey, E. Oregon State University, United States of America Calmon, P. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, France
Carini, F. Consultant, Italy
Charrasse, B. Commissariat á l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, France
Chen, J. Health Canada, Canada
Choi, Y. Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Republic of Korea
Chouhan, S. Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Canada
Cook, M. Department of Health, Australia
Copplestone, D. University of Stirling, United Kingdom
Cujic, M. University of Belgrade, Serbia
Czerniczyniec, M. Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear, Argentina da Costa Lauria, D. Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, Brazil
De Sanctis, J. SOGIN S.p.A, Italy
Doering, C. Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australia
Fesenko, E. Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Russian Federation
Fesenko, S. Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Russian Federation
Florou, H. National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Greece
Garcia-Sanchez, L. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire, France Grzechnik, M. Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety
Agency, Australia
Gudkov, D. National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine, Ukraine Higley, K. Oregon State University, United States of America Hinton, T. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire, France Hirth, G. Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety
Agency, Australia
Howard, B. University of Nottingham and UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom
Howard, D. UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom Iosjpe, M. Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Norway
Ishii, N. National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Japan
Ishikawa, N. Iwate University, Japan
Johansen, M. Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Australia
Kangasniemi, V. EnviroCase Limited, Finland
Kaplan, D. Savannah River National Laboratory, United States of America
Kashparov, V. National University of Life and Environmental Sciences, Ukraine
Kausky, M. United States Department of Energy, United States of America
Kautsky, U. Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, Sweden
Kawaguchi, I. National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Japan
Kelleher, K. Environmental Protection Agency, Republic of Ireland Kennedy, P. Food Standards Agency, United Kingdom
Keum, D. Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Republic of Korea
Kim, S. Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, United Arab Emirates
Konoplev, A. University of Fukushima, Japan
Krajewska, G. Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Poland Kryshev, A. Research and Production Association “Typoon”, Russian
Federation
Kusakabe, M. Marine Ecological Research Institute, Japan Lahdenperä, A. Saanio and Riekkola Oy, Finland
Lamego Simões Filho, F. Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, Brazil Le Druillennec, T. Électricité de France, France
Li, W. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, China
Libert, M. Commissariat á l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, France
Lourino Cabana, B. Électricité de France, France
Lukashenko, S. National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan
Mao, Y. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, China
Marang, L. Électricité de France, France
Maskalchuk, L. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of the Belarusian State University, Belarus
McGuire, C. Scottish Environment Protection Agency, United Kingdom Melintescu, A. “Horia Hulubei” National Institute of Physics and Nuclear
Engineering, Romania
Mihalik, J. National Radiation Protection Institute, Czech Republic Miyamoto, K. Marine Ecology Research Institute, Japan
Mothersill, C. McMaster University, Canada
Muikku, M. Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Finland
Mustonen, J. EnviroCase Limited, Finland
Nordén, S. Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, Sweden
Osvath, I. International Atomic Energy Agency
Outola, I. Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Finland Parami, V. Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Philippines
Parviainen, L. Posiva Oy, Finland
Pérez-Sánchez, D. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Spain
Phaneuf, M. Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, Canada
Picel, M. Argonne National Laboratory, United States of America Psaltaki, M. National Technical University of Athens, Greece
Punt, K. RadEcol Consulting Limited, United Kingdom
Putyatin, Y. Belorussian Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Belarus
Radenkovic, M. University of Belgrade, Serbia Ramadan, A.† Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt Ramirez-Guinart, O. University of Barcelona, Spain
Real, A. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Spain
Rigol, A. University of Barcelona, Spain
Ruedig, E. Oregon State University, United States of America
Saito, M. Kyoto University, Japan
Sazykina, T. Research and Production Association “Typhoon”, Russian Federation
Sekongo, M. Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population, France
Seymour, C. McMaster University, Canada
Shang, Z. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, China
Sheppard, S. ECOMATTERS, Canada
Sika-Boafo, D. Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Ghana
Sim, S. Defence Science Organisation National Laboratories, Singapore
Skuterud, L. Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Norway Smodis, B. Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
Sotiropoulou, M. European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland
Stark, K. Stockholm University, Sweden
Strok, M. Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
Sundell-Bergman, S. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden Tagami, K. National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science
and Technology, Japan
† Deceased.
Takata, H. Marine Ecological Research Institute, Japan Tanaka, T. Électricité de France, France
Turtiainen, T. Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Finland Twining, J. Austral Radioecology, Australia
Uchida, S. National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Japan
Vandenhove, H. Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Belgium
Varga, B. National Foodchain Safety Office, Food and Feed Safety Directorate, Hungary
Vermorel, F. Électricité de France, France
Vetrov, V. Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Russian Federation
Vidal, M. University of Barcelona, Spain
Wells, C. UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, United Kingdom Willemsen, S. Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group, Netherlands Willrodt, C. Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Germany
Wood, M. University of Salford, United Kingdom
Wu, Q. Tsinghua University, China
Yankovich, T. International Atomic Energy Agency
Yu, C. Argonne National Laboratory, United States of America Zhang, A. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s
Republic of China, China
Zhaorong, S. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Repbulic of China, China
MODARIA Technical Meetings, IAEA Headquarters, Vienna 19–22 November 2012, 11–15 November 2013, 10–14 November 2014,
9–13 November 2015
Interim Working Group Meetings, MODARIA Working Group 4 Vienna, Austria: 29–30 May 2013, 20–23 April 2015
Oslo, Norway: 20–22 May 2014
Monaco: 27–28 March 2014, 14–17 April 2015
ORDERING LOCALLY
IAEA priced publications may be purchased from the sources listed below or from major local booksellers.
Orders for unpriced publications should be made directly to the IAEA. The contact details are given at the end of this list.
NORTH AMERICA
Bernan / Rowman & Littlefield
15250 NBN Way, Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214, USA Telephone: +1 800 462 6420 • Fax: +1 800 338 4550
Email: [email protected] • Web site: www.rowman.com/bernan
REST OF WORLD
Please contact your preferred local supplier, or our lead distributor:
Eurospan Group Gray’s Inn House 127 Clerkenwell Road London EC1R 5DB United Kingdom
Trade orders and enquiries:
Telephone: +44 (0)176 760 4972 • Fax: +44 (0)176 760 1640 Email: [email protected]
Individual orders:
www.eurospanbookstore.com/iaea For further information:
Telephone: +44 (0)207 240 0856 • Fax: +44 (0)207 379 0609
Email: [email protected] • Web site: www.eurospangroup.com
Orders for both priced and unpriced publications may be addressed directly to:
Marketing and Sales Unit
International Atomic Energy Agency
Vienna International Centre, PO Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria Telephone: +43 1 2600 22529 or 22530 • Fax: +43 1 26007 22529 Email: [email protected] • Web site: www.iaea.org/publications
@
No. 2621-00630E