Tere we have it. Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy is brief, to be sure; and at least arguably, it is psychoanalytic, especially insofar as it encourages a sustained focus on the transference. Tis form of psychotherapy should allow—indeed,
CONCLUDING REMARKS 167
propel—a practitioner to draw on profound insights that psychoanalysis affords, as well as to benefit from the kind of in-depth supervision that is so much a part of psychoanalytic practice. In my view, psychotherapy fashioned according to the principles outlined here attains something of the depth inherent in psychoanalytic work. And at least sometimes, it has the potential to expand, even transform, patients’ emotional lives.
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absent feelings 118–19 acronyms 16–17
Adherence Manual 17, 64, 95–111 patient–therapist relatedness, focus
on 97–102
psychoanalytic technique 158
research study 126, 127, 129, 131–2, 138 therapeutic dialogues 112–24
therapist stance, overarching features of 107–11
therapist technique, specifics of 102–7 advice giving 70
aims of therapies
Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 29 Cognitive Analytic Terapy 19 Conversational Model 26–7
Dynamic Interpersonal Terapy 21 Intensive Short-erm Dynamic
Psychotherapy 23–4 Interpersonal Terapy 18 anchorage, in-transference interpretations 74, 83 anxiety case histories 53, 55, 146–51 selection of patients for Brief
Psychoanalytic Terapy 157 assessment consultations 37–8
background to Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 153 case histories Ms A 37, 39–44, 45, 76–9 Mr B 52, 53–6 Ms D 140–2, 156, 146–8 in-transference interpretations 81 attachment theory 8
audiotapes and videotapes 81, 82 research study 128, 131
background to therapies
Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 29, 153–4 See also psychoanalytic background Cognitive Analytic Terapy 19
Conversational Model 26–7
Dynamic Interpersonal Terapy 21 Intensive Short-erm Dynamic
Psychotherapy 23–4 Interpersonal Terapy 18 Bion, W.R. 8, 11, 66, 159
borderline personality disorder 7 Butler, S.F. 134 case histories Ms A 37–51, 76–9 Mr B 52–63 Ms C 85–91 Ms D 139–46 Ms E 146–51
See also therapeutic dialogues change process 163–4
chronic fatigue (case study) 38–51 clinical technique 14
Adherence Manual 95, 102–7, 132 developmental perspective 7–8 See also therapeutic strategies Cognitive Analytic Terapy (CA) 17
background and aims 19 therapeutic approach 20–1 therapeutic stance 31 Coltart, N. 159
commonalities among therapies 30–1 communication, depth of 163–4 containment 11, 14, 158
developmental perspective 8, 60 reatment Manual 66, 69
Conversationa l Model 17, 137, 166 background and aims 26–7 therapeutic approach 27–8 therapeutic stance 32, 33, 35
See also Psychodynamic Interpersonal Terapy
countertransference 9–10
Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 29 case histories
Ms A 42, 77, 78 Mr B 56, 59, 62 Ms D 140
Cognitive Analytic Terapy 21 course of treatment 140
function of the therapist 12 practice of Brief Psychoanalytic
Terapy 84 psychoanalysis 159, 160 therapeutic dialogues 90, 91, 112 therapeutic interventions 83 reatment Manual 65, 66, 68, 71 course of treatment 139–52 case vignettes Ms D 139–46 Ms E 146–51 reatment Manual 72–3 Davanloo, H. 23, 24 Della Silva, P.C. 23, 24, 25 Denman, C. 21 Dennis, Maxine 125, 132
Index
INDEX 174 depression case histories Mr B 53, 55 Ms C 85–91
Dynamic Interpersonal Terapy 21 Interpersonal Terapy 18–19
Intensive Short-erm Dynamic Psychotherapy 25
selection of patients for Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 157 depressive position 7, 8 reatment Manual 71, 72 depth of communication 163–4 developmental perspective 7–9 on clinical progress 59–60 Cognitive Analytic Terapy 20 Dynamic Interpersonal Terapy 21 function of the therapist 10
reatment Manual 66
diagnostic categories, applications and limitations of 56
distinctiveness of Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 161–3, 165–6
research study 125–38
doubts about Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 154–7 dreams 158 Adherence Manual 110 case histories Ms A 42–4 Mr B 55 Ms D 142 Ms E 147, 151 therapeutic dialogue 116, 117, 118 duration
of Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 65 of individual sessions 69
Dynamic Interpersonal Terapy (DI) 17, 137, 163
background and aims 21 therapeutic approach 21–3 therapeutic stance 31–2 effectiveness
of Brief Psychoanaly tic Terapy 49, 165 of short-term therapies 35–6 Eliot, .S. 33 ending of therapy 155–6 Adherence Manual 99 case histories Ms C 86, 88, 90 Ms D 145 Ms E 150
practice of Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 84, 153 therapeutic dialogues 86, 88, 90, 92, 94 reatment Manual 72 evidence-based approach 70, 71 Eysenck, H. 5 Fairbairn, W.R.D. 66
fatigue, chronic (case study) 38–51 final sessions, case histories 47–8, 57–9,
61–2, 151 focus, in-transference interpretations 74–5, 84 Fonag y, P. 21, 22–3, 163 formulation 16, 34 Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 33
Cognitive Analytic Terapy 20, 21 Conversationa l Model 26, 33 Interpersonal Terapy 18, 132 Psychodynamic Interpersonal Terapy 33 therapeutic dialogues 90 free association 159 Freud, S. 1, 2, 66, 157
function of the therapist 10–13 generalized anxiet y disorder (case
history) 53, 55 group psychotherapy 43, 44 Guthrie, E. 27, 35 Henry, W.P. 134 Hobson, R.F. 26–7, 28, 35, 166 Hobson, R.P. 81
Intensive Short-erm Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISDP) 17 background and aims 23–4 therapeutic approach 24–5 therapeutic stance 32
Interpersonal Terapy (IP) 17 background and aims 18 research study 125, 127–38 therapeutic approach 18–19 therapeutic stance 31 interpretations, in-transference 3, 29–30 paranoid-schizoid position 8 qualities 74–5 therapeutic interventions 83 transcripts 81 reatment Manual 73–6 Interpretive and Supportive
echnique Scale (ISS) 130, 133–4, 135–6, 137 intersubjectivity 4–6, 9, 10, 80–1, 158 reatment Manual 71 Kapur, R. 81 Kerr, I.B. 20 Klein, M.
paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions 7, 8, 71
projective identification 6, 67 reatment Manual 66, 67, 71 Klerman, G.L. 18, 19
INDEX 175
Lemma, A. 21, 22–3, 163 Malan, D. 23, 24, 25 Markowitz, J.C. 18, 19
Maudsley Hospital, London 161 Milrod, B. 35
National Health Service (NHS) 153 nature of Brief Psychoanalytic
Terapy 49–50 objectivity 5
reatment Manual 71 object relations theory 66, 157 Oedipus complex 13 Ogden, .H. 160 Ogrodniczuk, J.S. 133, 134 panic disorder 35–6 paranoid-schizoid position 7 clinical technique 8 developmental perspective 8 reatment Manual 71, 72 patient–therapist relatedness 158 Adherence Manual 97–102, 131, 166 phantasy 13, 157 Piper, W.E. 133, 134
place of Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 153–67
depth of communication, and the change process 163–4
doubts and uncertainties 154–7 psychoanalytic nature 157–61 specialness 161–3, 165–6 practice of Brief Psychoanalytic
Terapy 84–5
primitive unconscious (primary process) thinking 13
principles of Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy (reatment Manual) 65–73
projective identification 6, 158 and change process 164
developmental perspective 60 function of the therapist 11–12 in-transference interpretations 75 motives for 11 therapeutic dialogues 117 reatment Manual 67, 71, 75 psychoanalytic background 1–14 developmental perspective 7–9 intersubjective domain 4–6 therapeutic relationship 1–3 therapist’s function 10–13 transference and countertransference 9–10 reatment Manual 65
Psychodynamic Interpersonal Terapy (PI) 17, 27, 166
therapeutic stance 33
See also Conversational Model questioning
Adherence Manual 102–3 reatment Manual 69–70 rationale for Brief Psychoanalytic
Terapy 66–7 research
Adherence Manual 96
on distinctiveness of Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 125–38
effectiveness of short-term therapies 35 specification of treatment 17
transcripts 82 transference 3 respect for patient 34
Adherence Manual 102 case histories 48, 52, 142, 151 psychoanalysis 159
risk taking by therapist 115 Ryle, A. 19, 20
selection of patients for Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 155, 157
setting for therapy 4, 158 case history 41 reatment Manual 65, 66, 68, 69 short-term therapy challenges of 13 effectiveness 35–6 empirical support 127 value 15–16
silence, use of case histories
Ms A 39–40, 76, 77 Mr B 60
Ms E 148
reatment Manual 69
social phobia (case history) 53, 55 specialness of Brief Psychoanalytic
Terapy 161–3, 165–6 research study 125–38 Steiner, J. 71
Strupp, H.H. 134 Stuart, S. 132
style, in-transference interpretations 75, 84 subjectivity 5
psychotherapists’ own accounts of their work 81
reatment Manual 71 See also intersubjectivity supervision 3, 13, 154, 156, 167
background to Brief Psychoanalytic Terapy 153
case history 52, 59 psychoanalytic 157