2. ESTRUCTURA METÁLICA
1.1 Pliego de clausulas administrativas
1. Anatomy, functions and indications for surgery on parathyroid glands.
2. Calcium metabolism and parathyroids.
3. Causes of surgical hypertension and management of surgically curable hypertension.
4. Classify adrenal tumours & discuss presentations of adrenal cortical tumour & its management.
5. Classify hyperparathroidism and discuss the clinical features, investigations, differential diagnosis and management.
6. Classify multiple endocrine neoplasia. Describe the pathology, clinical features and management of hyperparathyroidism.
7. Clinical features and biochemical changes and management of pheochromocytcoma.
8. Clinical features, investigations and management of Cushing’s syndrome.
9. Describe clinical features, investigations and management of Cushing’s syndrome.
10. Describe clinical features, investigations and management of pheochromocytoma.
11. Describe embryology of the parathyroid glands. Describe management of 20 years old girl with suspected
hyperparathyrodism.
12. Discuss the pathology, diagnosis and management of hyperparathyroidism.
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13. Describe the surgical anatomy of suprarenal gland. Discuss the pathology, clinical features and management of adrenal medullary tumour.
14. Discuss aetiology, clinical features and management of hyperparathyroidism.
15. Discuss clinical features and management of a case of pheochromocytoma.
16. Discuss pheochromocytoma under the following headings:
Pathophysiology of the disease & its effects. Physiologic basis of preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative management of the disease.
17. Discuss pheochromocytoma.
18. Discuss the autonomic nervous system under the following headings: Autonomic organization of autonomic flow. Chemical transmission at autonomic junctions. Responses of effector organs to autonomic nerve impulse. Physiologic basis of the preoperative pharmacologic of patient with pheochromocytoma.
19. Discuss the clinical features, investigations and management of primary hyperparathyroidism.
20. Discuss the diagnosis and surgical management of hyperparathyroidism.
21. Discuss the indications of adrenalectomy and describe the operative procedure for right side adrenalectomy.
22. Discuss the management of hyperparathyroidism.
23. Discuss the pathology, diagnosis and management of adrenal tumors.
24. Discuss the pathology of adrenal tumours. How do you manage a case of pheochromocytoma?
25. Enumerate causes of hypocalcaemia. How will you investigate and manage primary hyperparathyroidism?
26. Etiology, clinical presentation, investigation and surgical management of hyperparathyroidism.
27. List the causes of surgically correctable hypertension. Describe the pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and management of
pheochromocytoma.
28. Pathology and investigation of adrenal tumours.
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29. Pathology, clinical features, investigations and management of parathyroid adenoma.
30. Tests of adrenocortical insufficiency and management of Cushing’s syndrome.
31. What are the tumours of adrenal medulla? Discuss the
etio-pathology, investigations and management of pheochromocytoma.
SHORT QUESTIONS
1. Adrenal function tests 2. Adrenal medullary tumour 3. Adrenogenital syndrome 4. APUD cell tumour
5. Cushing’s syndrome
6. Diagnosis and management of pheochromocytoma 7. Hyperparathyroidism
8. Hypoparathyroidism 9. MEN
10. MEN II
11. Neuroblastoma
12. Parathyroid adenoma 13. Parathyroid transplant 14. Pheochromocytoma
15. Preoperative localization of parathyroid adenoma 16. Primary hyperparathyroidism
17. Radiological features in hyperparathyroidism 18. Spread of neuroblastoma
19. Surgical anatomy of parathyroid glands 20. Surgical approaches to the adrenal gland 21. Wayne’s scoring index
25. BREAST
LONG QUESTIONS
1. Classify benign tumours of breast. How will you manage a breast lump 2x3 cm in middle aged women?
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2. Describe breast conservation surgery in ca breast.
3. Describe the pathology, clinical features and management of carcinoma breast.
4. Describe the staging of advanced breast carcinoma and discuss the specific problems in advanced disease with the current
management.
5. Describe the surgical anatomy of the breast. List the premalignant conditions of the breast. Describe the clinical features, diagnosis and management of early carcinoma of the breast.
6. Describe the surgical pathology, clinical features and management of cystosarcoma phylloides.
7. Describe the surgical pathology of carcinoma of the breast. Discuss the role of hormonal receptors in the management of breast
carcinoma.
8. Discuss “breast conservation” therapy in cancer breast in the following heads:
a. Selection of pt. for breast conservation.
b. Contraindication for above procedures.
c. Methods of breast conservation treatment and their limitations.
9. Discuss cancer risk in pregnancy.
10. Discuss etiology, pathology and investigations in a case of
carcinoma of breast. Discuss how you would treat a 30 year old lady who presents with T1N0M0 lesion.
11. Discuss management of metastatic breast cancer. Add a note on familial breast cancer.
12. Discuss post mastectomy breast reconstruction.
13. Discuss prognostic factors and management of early breast carcinoma.
14. Discuss prognostic factors of carcinoma of the breast.
15. Discuss the clinical features, staging and investigations of
carcinoma breast. How do you manage a case of stage II carcinoma breast?
16. Discuss the etiology, clinical features, investigation and management of carcinoma breast.
17. Discuss the etio-pathology, clinical features and management of advanced breast cancer.
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18. Discuss the etiopathology, clinical features, prognostic factors and management of early breast cancer.
19. Discuss the Lymphatic drainage of the breast and discuss the treatment of carcinoma breast stage T2N1M0.
20. Discuss the management of advances carcinoma of the breast.
21. Discuss the modes of early diagnosis of carcinoma breast. Mention different types of classification of breast cancer.
22. Discuss the pathology and management of lump in breast in women of 40yrs.
23. Discuss the recent advances in management of early breast carcinoma.
24. Discuss the risk factors of carcinoma breast. Discuss the causes and management of local recurrence of breast cancer.
25. Discuss the various diagnostic modalities for carcinoma of the breast. Add a note on the management of the early Carcinoma of the Breast.
26. Discuss the various diagnostic modalities of carcinoma breast. Add a note on management of early carcinoma breast.
27. Enumerate the non-malignant conditions which clinically mimic carcinoma of the breast. Describe the pathogenesis and
management of each.
28. Management of advanced carcinoma breast.
29. Methods available for diagnosis of early breast carcinoma.
30. Pathology, clinical features and management of early carcinoma breast.
SHORT QUESTIONS
1. Aberrations of development and involution of breast 2. Advanced ca breast
3. ANDI
4. Benign breast diseases 5. Benign breast lesion 6. Breast abscess
7. Breast biopsy
8. Breast cystic conditions 9. Cyclical mastalgia
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10. Cyclical mastalgia
11. Cystic lesions of breast 12. Cystosarcoma phylloides 13. Danazol
14. Duct ectasia
15. Duct papilloma of breast
16. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) 17. Familial breast cancer
18. Fat necrosis 19. Fibroadenoma 20. Fibroadenosis
21. Fibrocystic disease of breast 22. Galactocele
23. Giant fibroadenoma of breast 24. Gynaecomastia
25. Hormonal therapy in ca breast 26. Hormone receptors of breast 27. Inflammatory breast disease 28. Lobular carcinoma of breast 29. Lymphatic drainage of breast 30. Mammography
31. Mammoplasty 32. Mastalgia
33. Mondor’s disease
34. Nipple discharge-significance 35. Oestrogen
36. Paget’s disease of nipple
37. Pathology of Paget’s disease of nipple 38. Phylloides tumour
39. Plasma cell mastitis
40. Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction 41. Risk factors of breast malignancy
42. Role of adjuvant chemotherapy in carcinoma breast 43. Role of hormone therapy in breast carcinoma
44. Role of ultrasonography in breast disease 45. Screening for carcinoma breast
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46. Stage II ca breast
47. Staging of carcinoma breast
48. Stereotactic wide local excision of breast 49. Systemic therapy in carcinoma breast 50. TB breast
51. Triple assessment
26. THORAX
LONG QUESTIONS
1. A 30 yr old male brought to the casualty with multiple rib fractures following a road traffic accident. Discuss the management.
2. Describe the etiology, clinical signs and symptoms of hydatid disease of the lung.
3. Describe briefly the principles of evaluation, planning and management of chest injuries.
4. Describe the aetiology, pathology, and management of bronchogenic carcinoma.
5. Describe the anatomical basis of thoracic outlet syndrome. How will you investigate and treat such a patient?
6. Describe the anatomy of lymph nodes in the chest. What are the surgical conditions arising from them? Discuss the differential diagnosis of mediastinal tumours. What is the pathology &
management of non-hodgkin’s lymphoma?
7. Describe the components and complications of chest injury in blunt trauma and its management.
8. Describe the development of diaphragm. Discuss the diagnosis and management of diaphragmatic hernias.
9. Describe the mechanism of injury, clinical features, and management of chest trauma.
10. Describe the pathophysiology of hiatus hernia. Describe the
common surgical procedures adopted in the management of hiatus hernia.
11. Describe the surgical anatomy of the thoracic diaphragm. Discuss the management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
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12. Describe thoracic outlet syndrome.
13. Detail the history of human heart transplantation. What are the indications? How can rejections be prevented? Discuss the steps of open heart surgery.
14. Development of diaphragm, types of diaphragmatic hernias.
15. Discuss chest injuries and management of hemothorax.
16. Discuss chronic empyema.
17. Discuss etiopathogenesis and management of carcinoma of lung.
18. Discuss the different types of chest injuries. How do you manage them?
19. Discuss the different types of diaphragmatic hernias. Discuss in detail management of sliding hiatal hernia.
20. Discuss the lung cancer under the following heads:
a.Assessment of operability.
b.Management of small cell carcinoma.
c.Pathological types & prognostic factors.
21. Discuss the management of blunt chest injury.
22. Discuss the management of various injuries that can occur following blunt trauma of the chest.
23. Discuss the management stab injury to chest.
24. Discuss the pathology and management of bronchogenic carcinoma.
25. Discuss the surgical anatomy of diaphragm.
26. Etiology, clinical features, management of chest injuries.
27. Investigations, management of flail chest following RTA.
28. Thoracic outlet obstruction and operation of cervical sympathectomy.
29. What are the physiological derangements in chest injury? Describe the management of different chest injuries.
30. What are the various varieties of cervical rib? What are the clinical features and complications? Describe the management of
symptomatic cervical rib.
SHORT QUESTIONS 1. ARDS (shock lung)
2. Bronchogenic carcinoma
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3. Bronchopleural fistulas
4. Bronchopulmonary segments 5. Cardiac tamponade
6. Cervical rib 7. Chylothorax
8. Diaphragmatic hernia/ traumatic diaphragmatic hernia 9. Dysphagia lusoria
10. Empyema necessitans 11. Empyema thorax 12. Flail chest
13. Fracture rib
14. Hemopneumothorax 15. Hemothorax
16. Laryngeal paralysis 17. Lung abscess
18. Lung cysts
19. Management of pulmonary hydatid cyst 20. Mediastinal syndrome
21. Mediastinal tumours 22. Mediastinitis
23. Open pneumothorax 24. Pancoast’s tumour 25. Paradoxical breathing 26. Paradoxical respiration 27. Pectus excavatum
28. Percutaneous angioplasty 29. Pneumothorax
30. Pulmonary embolism 31. Pulmonary tuberculosis 32. Spontaneous pneumothorax 33. Stellate ganglion
34. Stove in chest
35. Surgical treatment of TB 36. Tension pneumothorax 37. Thoracotomy
38. Thymectomy
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39. Thymoma
40. Traumatic pneumothorax 41. Types of thoracotomy
27. HEART AND PERICARDIUM