Político

Baghdadi reports Zamakhsharl as quoting a verse of Abu Tammam's poetry in his Kashshaf and adding the remark:

C

J

o

V '

o

U

4I L a Lo \ & I— I cl

C ^ )

j&\

S j> <Jl

L^

is -

. A iLeiLj? (____!] <A> O A— i - ' J U-l

Tha'lab (d. 291/904) states, with reference to Asmaci, that Ibrahim b. Harmah, who died during the reign of Harun al-Rashid (170/786-193/809) was the last poet whose work could be considered

3 suitable evidence in the study of grammar .

Volume one of Sharh a1-Jumal contains quotations from a large _{" 11 #} number of poems from the first three classical periods mentioned above, and but one line from the fourth period, from a poem by al-Mutanabbl:

^ jlLd \ (I ^ ^ V L-a^ L-»j c ^ vX— iX_sJ ^

This single line appears in the chapter in which Ibn Babshad deals

with the verb of surprise ( Jv_s*9 )^* In opinion, the

1. Baghdadi, Khizanah, vol. 1, p. 4* '

2. Ibid. vol. 1, p. 4; Zamakhsharl, Kashshaf. vol. 1, p. 170. 3. Baghdadi, Khizanah. vol. 1, p. 4*

- 72 -

preposition {j a in this line of verse should be considered as

being attached to a word omitted but understood, expressing a state

or condition ( J U ) and not to . Any s t a t i o n

of linking this preposition to should "be regarded as unacceptable

He goes on to say that one can, therefore, acquit Ruabahfs verse:

of the charge of rarity which he, along with other Basrans, had levelled at one time'* •

Ibn Babshad suggests that the preposition in the above

verses, particularly in that of Ru°bah, should be attached to the

* *

omitted (but understood) word and not to or , for it had

been argued that the attachment of (j ja to these words implied that

the verb of surprise might also be formed from them, the usage of

/j * being regarded as also rendering possible the usage

°f A 1 L* • What was permitted in one of these cases

•* •

- 2

should be permitted in the other . This apparently contradicted

the accepted rule, established by the Basrans, that the verb of sur­

prised could not be formed from a word of the I \ form indica-

* * * 3

ting colours and defects, such as j anc* ) *

1• cf. Text, pp. 424“425»

2. cf. Anbarl, Insaf, pp. 68-69. ".T' '

5. cf. Text, pp. 420, 423? Zajjaji, Jumal, p. 114? W. Wright,

The Kufans, however, considered that only and » among

» 1

the words indicating colours, could form the verb of surprise. On more than one hundred and thirty occasions in volume one of Sharh al-Jumal, Ibn Babshad quotes verses of poetry without mentioning ""T-' r# r-

their authors. This has necessitated the attempt to ascertain whether

these verses were indeed anonymous or whether Ibn Babshad had a reason

for not mentioning their authors. We have consulted various gramma­

tical works, the Diwans and the other available sources. The results

of our consultations have shown that the authors of about twenty-five of these verses were probably unknown, as they were also anonymously

#

quoted by other grammarians. It appears that Ibn Babshad intentionally

omitted to name the authors of the remaining verses, believing, perhaps, that as they were already in common use amongst grammarians, it was unnecessary to name their source.

Some scholars regarded with suspicion anonymous poetry used in grammatical works, and Baghdadi reports that Ibn al-Anbari considered all' anonymous material, both poetry and prose, unsuitable as evidence in respect of grammatical study; on the one hand it might be invented

( ), and on the other hand it might belong to one of the

- 2

Muwalladin or another author whose authority in Arabic was doubtful . Such suspicion is somewhat allayed, however, with regard to the anonymous poetry that appears in Shurh al-Jumal. for some of it is- ' t r--,rr--rT,T „ - t -

1, cf. Anbari, Insaf, p. ₆₉.

-

74

-

derived from Sibawaihi’s al-Kitab and some from the works of the other

grammarians, such as Ibn Sarrij, Zaojaji and Ibn Jinni. These gram­

marians, particularly Sibawaihi, were regarded as authorities on the

Arabic language in general, and on Arabic grammar in particular. We,

therefore, do not feel prepared to level particular criticism against Ibn Babshad for borrowing such verses for his purposes.

f

In Sharh al-Jumal, we observe that Ibn Babshad sometimes r.egards

verses that deviate from the accepted rules of grammar as rarities , whereas at other times he is content to put such deviations down to

poetic licence ( o j j )2.

1. cf. Text, pp. 423-424; see above p . 55 Ibid, pp. 507-508; see above p ♦ 55 .

Editorial Principles

In the preparation of this edition, the following principles have been adopted:

In ' cases of variant readings, preference is always given to

Z MS,, unless this is clearly mistaken. The Z MS. reading is placed

between triangular brackets ;> and the divergent readings

s*

1 are recorded in the footnotes .

When a Z MS. reading is considered for some reason to be corrupt, it is replaced, as far as possible, from a parallel copy or copies; the suggested correct reading is placed within two italic parallels

/ / and, in a footnote, the source of the suggested correct

reading is given first, followed by the deviant reading in Z MS,, and

2

any other variant readings .

If any reading which occurs in all the MSS. is considered corrupt, a suggested reading is placed within two italic parallels; the foot­

note is introduced by "sg.” (suggestion.) The reading which is con­

sidered corrupt is recorded in the footnote .

In cases where one word, more than one word or a long passage is not present in Z MS., the missing material is supplied from one or

more of the other copies, and entered in square brackets

E

3

-

^ Text, p.1, No. 2

2. Ibid, p. 3, No. 6, p. 113, No. 3* 3. Ibid. p. 19, No. 2.

the source being given in a footnote .

If, in such a case, there is any divergence between the reading of the text supplied and that of the other subsidiary copies, those

2 words which differ are also mentioned in the footnote .

When a word, more than one word or passage is not present in other copies, it is referred to in the footnotes as "Om," (omitted.)^

When any word or words are thought to be wanting from all available MSS., the word or words are supplied and inserted between

two asterisks * *• To support them, readings from any

other available sources are quoted in the footnotes and introduced by

. *

"cf." , but when no corroborative reading is given, the footnote is

5

introduced by "ed," indicating that it is the editor's suggestion. Whenever the reading of the text of all MSS. is doubtful or unsatisfactory, an alternative reading is suggested in the footnote. This alternative is usually based on information derived from other grammatical works^.

* A word or phrase repeated in the MS. is not written tv/ice in this 7

edition, but is referred to in the footnotes as "repeated" . Erasures in the MSS., and copyist’s corrections, indicated

1. cf. Text , p. 3 , No. 2. 2. _{Ibid, P. 436, No. 10.} 5. Ibid, P. 188, No. 9, 11. 4. Ibid. P« 7, No. 11. 5. Ibid, P. 60, No. 10. 6# _{Ibid, P. 20, No. 7.} 7. Ibid, P. 6, No. 3,

b y a s t r o k e t h r o u g h a w o r d , o r b y t h e w o r d $ a n d ^ \ p l a c e d a b o v e t h e w o r d s t o b e e r a s e d , a r e o b s e r v e d a n d a d h e r e d t o w i t h o u t com m ent i n t h i s e d i t i o n u n l e s s i t i s c o n s i d e r e d t h a t t h e c o p y i s t was h i m s e l f m i s ­ t a k e n i n m a k in g h i s c o r r e c t i o n . A l l m a r g i n a l and i n t e r l i n e a r n o t e s o n t h e b a s i c c o p y and s u b s i d i a r y MSS, w h ic h a r e a c c e p t e d i n t o t h i s t e x t s s c o r r e c t i n g a m i s t a k e o r s u p p l y i n g a m i s s i n g w o r d o r w o r d s h a v e b e e n r e f e r r e d t o i n t h e f o o t n o t e s 2 a n d i n t r o d u c e d b y " i n t e r " o r " m a r g ." V a r i a n t r e a d i n g s f r o m o t h e r c o p i e s , n o t e d i n som e MSS, b y m eans o f m a r g i n a l o r i n t e r l i n e a r i n s e r t i o n s , a r e a l s o r e f e r r e d t o i n t h e f o o t ­ n o t e s . In s u c h f o o t n o t e s , t h e r e a d i n g o f t h e r e l e v a n t MS. i s g i v e n f i r s t 3 a n d t h e m a r g i n a l o r i n t e r l i n e a r y i n s e r t i o n s f o l l o w . T h i s t y p e o f s u g g e s t e d im p r o v e m e n t o r v a r i a n t d o e s n o t o c c u r i n Z MS. S u ch m a r g i n a l o r i n t e r l i n e a r n o t e s w h ic h a r e f o u n d t o c o n c e r n t h e i n f l e c t i o n o r m e a n in g o f w o r d s h a v e b e e n o m i t t e d , f o r many o f th em a r e i l l e g i b l e . When a s i n g l e w o r d i s n o t e d i t i s i n d i c a t e d b y a f i g u r e and r e f e r r e d t o i n t h e f o o t n o t e s . I f t h e num ber o f w o r d s i n q u e s t i o n d o e s n o t e x c e e d f o u r , t h e sam e f i g u r e i s w r i t t e n a t t h e b e g i n n i n g and a t t h e e n d o f t h e g r o u p o f w o r d s , a n d a l s o a p p e a r s i n t h e f o o t n o t e s ^ -. When a p h r a s e o r s e n t e n c e t o b e n o t e d c o n s i s t s o f f i v e o r m ore w o r d s , a f i g u r e i n d i c a t e s t h e b e g i n n i n g o f t h e p h r a s e a n d t h e same f i g u r e i s r e p e a t e d t o m ark i t s e n d . I n t h e f o o t n o t e c o n c e r n e d , t h e 1, cf. Text, p. 71, No. 5»

2* Ibid» P* 7, No. 3; P. 52, No. 6. 3* Ibid. p. 36, No. 11; p. 38,No. 1.

- 78 -

first and last words only of such a phrase are given, separated by 1 ’

three dots * » . •

Quranic quotations are placed within quotation marks 7 "

in the text. The orthography and numbering of Suras and verses are

in accordance with the Egyptian edition.

(Apart from the Tu MS.) diacritical points seldom occur in any

of the'MSS. The text presented herein has been provided with pointing

without reference to individual MSS,

Where there is any divergence between the MSS. and other sources as to the reading of poetry, the reading of MSS. is given in the text

2

and variant readings from other sources appear in the footnotes '. The vowel signs erratically supplied in the basic copy as well

as in the subsidiaries have been on the whole ignored. Those signs

that occur occasionally in this edition have been supplied by the editor to obviate grammatical and syntactical ambiguities.

Any phrases found to have been misplaced in Z MS. have been re­ located and referred to in the footnotes .

The text is given in accordance with the modern Arabic ortho­ graphical convention obtaining in Egypt, without separate reference to the orthographical peculiarities of the MSS.

1* c£, Text, p. 437, No. 2.

2. Ibid, p . 281, No, 12; p. 398, No, 3 (Similarly the readings of other sources differing from the readings of the text are also mentioned in the footnotes, cf. Text, p. 74, No, 5, P* 90, No. 13.)

•Abdullah b. al-Mu'tazz

Abu Muhammad 'A b d u l l a h al-Yafi'i

4

Abu a l - F a r a j a l - A s f a h a n i A g h a n i

Abu a l - F i d a a

Kitab al-Badl* (ed, Ignatius Kratchkovsky, Gibb Memorial

Series N.S. 10, London. 1955*

Abu Muhammad 'Abdullah b, As'ad b. 'All al-YafieI,

Miraat al-Janan, V/acIbrat al- Yaqzan, (2 vols. in 1),

Bi’irat al-Macarif al-Nizi- miyyah, Hyderabad. 1337/1919­

1340/1921.

Kitab a1-Aghani (ed. 'Abd al-Sattar Ahmad Farraj), 24

• .

vols., including the index in two parts, Bar al Thaqafah, Beirut. 1955-1962.

Abu al-Fida3 Isma'il b. cUmar al-Hafiz ibn Kathir, al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah, ₁₄ vols. (in 7),

1st edition. Maktabat al-

Ma'arif, Beirut & Maktabat

- 80 - 5. Abu Hayyan, 0 Muhit 6. a1-Hafiz al-Bahabl 0 0 • * 7. AlusI, Bulugh al-Arab

Muhammad b. Yusuf b. cAli _# b. Hayyan al-Andalusi, Abu Hayyan, al-Tafsir al-Kabir al-Musamma bi al-Bahr al-

r ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' " r ’ • ' '

Muhlt, 8 vols., Maktabat al­ ' *"L#" ’«T

Nasr al-Hadithah, Riyad, n.d.

• * #

Abu cAbdullah Muhammad b.

0

Ahmad b. cUthman b. al-Dahabl, al-cIbar fi Khabar man Ghabar (ed. Salah al~Din al Munajjid, [vols,2 and 3 edited by Fu*ad Sayyid3),4 vols, Kuwait. 1960­ 1963.

Mahmud ShukrI al-Alusi, Bulugh al-Arab fi Macrifat Ahwal al- *Jluu”,r""'1U' *... T " '""T1’rTrir" " ' fAxab (ed. Muhammad Bahjat al-

Athari), 3 vols. (in 1), 3^d edition, Dar al-Kitab al- cArabi, Cairo. 1342/l9₂3»

8, Amin eAli al-Sa,yyid _{n -m .ri'u m ,"" r i..} Fi cIlm al-Nahwi, vol. 1, 2nd_{jr. -u,T . r} edition, Bar al-Mararif, Cairo. 1973•

9. Anbari,

Asrar cArabiyyah

Abu al-Barakat Kamal a1-Din cAbd al-Rahman b. Muhammad

# +

al-Anbari, Asrar al-Arabiyyah, (ed, Muhammad Bahj8t a1-Bitar)

* •

Matba'at al-Taraqqi, Damascus# 1377/1957.

10. In§af _{Kitab al-Insaf fi Masa3il al-}

Khilaf baina al-Nahwiyyln al- Basriyyin wa al-Kufiyyin (ed,

• " ""

Gotthold Weil), Leiden. 1913*

11. Nuzhat' al-Alibba3 _{Nuzhat al-Alibba3 fi Tabaqat al-}

TJdaba* (ed. Muhammad Abu al-Fadl

- • •

Ibrahim), Dar al-Nahdah, Cairo, n.d.

12. Asms3 al-Him.si Fihrist Makhtutat Dar al-Kutub

al-Zahiriyyah, *Ulum al-Lughah

» . . , , al-cArabiyyah, al-Nahw, -... — __________ ______ _ ____ ,t„. . Damascus. 1973* 13. Baghdadi, Khizanah

cAbd al-Qadir b. cUmar al- Baghdadi, Khizanat al-Adab wa

Lubbu Lubab Lisan al-gATab,4

vols. 1st edition Bulaq,

reprinted by al-Muthanna Library (offset printing), Baghdad, n.d.

- 62 - 14. Baqillani, 15• C' Brockelmann 16. Sup, 17 * 0. Rieu 18. ^ Fu*ad Sayyid

19* Giorgio Levi Bella Vida

20. G. Veil

Abu Bakr Muhammad b. al-Tayyib

• •

al~Baqillani, I'jaz al-Quraan, (ed. al-Sayyid Ahmad Saqr),

• •

Bar al-Maearif, Cairo. 1963*

Geachichte der Arabischen

Litteratur, 2 vols. Berlin.

1898

-

1902

.

and

Supplement, 3 vols., E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1937-1942.

Supplement to the Catalogue of the Arabic MSS, in the British Museum, London. 1894*

Fihrist al-Makhtutat al-Musaw-

j— j... —

varah, vol. 1, Bar al-Riyad.

In document Propuesta de diseño de la metodología de Costos Basados en Actividades para el programa académico de Maestría en Epidemiología de la Facultad de Salud de la Universidad del Valle [recurso electrónico] (página 79-83)