Fase de Diagnóstico
B.- Necesidades sentidas
5. Problemática de la infraestructura
Loaded plugins: aliases, langpacks
ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered ---
7 | root <root> | 2014-01-28 03:13 | Erase | 2 6 | root <root> | 2014-01-28 03:03 | Install | 2 5 | System <unset> | 2014-01-27 09:31 | Update | 1 < 4 | root <root> | 2014-01-27 08:10 | Install | 4 > 3 | root <root> | 2014-01-27 07:46 | Install | 1 2 | root <root> | 2014-01-27 07:45 | Update | 2 1 | System <unset> | 2014-01-27 06:57 | Install | 1131 history list
Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
•
Yum keeps detailed information about transactions in Yum
history.
–
Each transaction is assigned an ID.
•
Yum history is stored in /var/lib/yum/history/.
•
To display the transactions:
•
To undo a transaction:
•
To start a new history db:
Yum History
# yum history list
# yum history info <transaction ID>
# yum history package-list <package name>
# yum history undo <transaction ID|last>
# yum history new
Oracle Internal & Oracle
To obtain detailed information for transaction ID 6, which installed the rpmdevtools package:
# yum history info 6
Loaded plugins: aliases, langpacks Transaction ID : 6
Begin time : ... ...
Return-Code : Success
Command Line : install rpmdevtools Transaction performed with:
...
In this example, transaction ID 6 installed the rpmdevtools package. Transaction ID 7 uninstalled the rpmdevtools package. The following command performs transaction ID 6 again, which installs rpmdevtools:
# yum history redo 6
Loaded plugins: aliases, langpacks ... Repeating transaction 6... ... Installing: rpmdevtools ... ...
Oracle Linux 7: Advanced Administration 8 - 15
Oracle Internal & Oracle
Yum uses plug-ins to extend its functionality.
Each installed plug-in has a configuration file located in the /etc/yum/pluginconf.d directory. For example, the configuration file for the langpacks plug-in contains:
# cat /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/langpacks.conf [main]
enabled=1
langpack_locales = en_US.UTF-8
By default, all plug-ins are enabled in /etc/yum.conf with the following statement: plugins=1
Do not disable plug-ins globally from /etc/yum.conf by changing plugins=1 to 0. This action can cause problems with some Yum services. If you want to disable a plug-in without uninstalling it, you can:
• Disable the plug-in from its configuration file in /etc/yum/pluginconf.d.
• Disable the plug-in for a single operation by appending --disableplugin=<plug-in
name>to the yum command.
Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Extending Yum Functionality with Plug-Ins
•
Yum uses plug-ins to extend its functionality.
•
Yum plug-ins are installed as packages.
•
Installed Yum plug-ins reside in /usr/lib/yum-plugins.
•
Each plug-in has an associated configuration file in
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d.
–
To enable a plug-in, edit the configuration file and set
enable=1
–
To disable a plug-in, edit the configuration file and set
enable=0
•
Use the --disableplugin=<plugin_name> option to the
yum
command to disable a plug-in for a single command.
–
The following example disables the aliases plug-in when
running the yum update command:
# yum update --disableplugin=aliases
Oracle Internal & Oracle
Yum plug-ins are Python scripts or programs that are stored in /usr/lib/yum-plugins when they are installed:
# ls –l /usr/lib/yum-plugins -rw-r--r-- ... langpacks.py -rw-r--r-- ... langpacks.pyc
-rw-r--r-- ... langpacks.pyo
Each plug-in in this example has three files associated with it: a .py, a .pyc, and a .pyo file. These files are part of the Python application. For more information about these Python file extensions, see http://docs.python.org/release/1.5.1p1/tut/node43.html.
Oracle Linux 7: Advanced Administration 8 - 17
Oracle Internal & Oracle
kabi
The package name is kabi-yum-plugin. This plug-in checks newly installed kernel module packages to ensure that they conform with kABI.
aliases
The package name is yum-plugin-aliases. This plug-in allows you to create and view aliases for Yum commands. This plug-in includes the /etc/yum/aliases.conf file, which contains many predefined Yum command aliases.
changelog
The package name is yum-plugin-changelog. This plug-in allows you to view package change logs before and after updating. Yum invokes the plug-in if either the --changelog option or the changelog command is used with the yum command.
tmprepo
The package name is yum-plugin-tmprepo. This plug-in provides the --tmprepo <URL:repo_file>option to the yum command. The repository file is downloaded from the URL and enabled for a single Yum transaction. This plug-in attempts to ensure that temporary repositories are safe to use. The plug-in does not allow GNU Privacy Guard (GPG) checking to be disabled by default.
Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Popular Yum Plug-Ins
•
kabi: Checks if newly installed kernel module packages
conform with the kernel Application Binary Interface (kABI)
•
aliases: Allows you to create and view aliases for Yum
commands. It includes the /etc/yum/aliases.conf file,
which contains many predefined Yum command aliases.
•
changelog: Allows you to view package change logs before
and after updating
•
tmprepo: Allows you to use a temporary Yum repository. It
ensures that these repositories are safe and does not allow
GPG checking to be disabled.
Oracle Internal & Oracle
Use the yum updateinfo command to view information about errata (security, bug fixes, and enhancements), but also to update your Linux system by using options that act like filters to select only certain updates from the errata. In previous versions of Oracle Linux, this
capability was provided by the yum-security plug-in. Oracle Linux 7 includes an updated version of Yum and the yum-security plug-in has been integrated into yum.
Obtaining Errata Information
To list all of the available errata: # yum updateinfo list ...
ELSA-2015-0672 Moderate/Sec. bind-libs-32:9.9.4-18.el7_1.1... ...
ELBA-2015-0741 bugfix binutils-2.23.52.0.1-30.el7_1.1... ...
ELEA-2015-0969 enhancement crash-7.0.9-5.el7_1.x86_64 ...
ELSA-2015-0265 Critical/Sec. firefox-31.5.0-2.0.1.el7_0... ...
Oracle Linux 7: Advanced Administration 8 - 19
Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
# yum updateinfo info --cve CVE-2013-5896