Proyecto

Four topics describe the practice of giving Dharma: 1. the recipient,

2. the motivation,

4. the method of showing Dharma teachings.

1. Recipient. Give Dharma to those who want Dharma, those with respect for Dharma and Dharma

teachers.

2. Motivation. Avoid evil thoughts and maintain gentle thoughts. Furthermore, “avoiding evil thoughts”

means that you should give Dharma teachings without consideration for wealth, honor, praise, fame, and so forth—other worldly activities. The Condensed Perfection of Wisdom Sutra says:

Give teachings fully to the sentient beings without material considerations.

The Kashyapa-Requested Sutra says:

Giving Dharma teachings with a pure mind without material considerations Is highly praised by all the Victorious Ones.

“Maintaining gentle thoughts” means showing Dharma motivated by compassion. The Condensed Perfection of

Wisdom Sutra says:

Give Dharma to the world in order to eliminate sufferings.

3. Actual Dharma. Show the Dharma, sutras, and so forth without mistake or perversion. The Bodhisattva

Bhumis says:

In giving the Dharma, the meaning should be shown without mistake, it should be shown logically, and the disciple should be allowed to practice perfectly the basis of the training.

4. Method of Showing Dharma Teachings. You should not give teachings immediately when someone

asks you. The King of Meditative Absorption Sutra says:

Concerning the generosity of giving the Dharma, If someone requests it,

First you should respond this way, “I have not studied that in detail.”

And also:

Do not relate it immediately.

You should start by examining the vessel. Once you know the vessel well,

Then you should give teachings even without a request.

When one gives a teaching, it should be at a clean and pleasing place. The White Lotus of Sublime Dharma Sutra says:

In a clean and pleasant place, Build a wide, comfortable throne.

The teacher should sit on the throne and give teachings. It is said:

Sit on a supported seat decorated with various silks.

The teacher should give Dharma teachings when clean, well dressed, neat, and with gentle behaviour. The

Sagaramati-Requested Sutra says:

The teacher of the Dharma should be clean, have gentle behaviour, be neat, and well dressed.

Thus, with all the disciples gathered, the teacher sits on the throne. In order to forestall obstacles, he should recite the mantra which overcomes the power of maras. The Sagaramati-Requested Sutra says:

TADYATHA SHAME SHAMA WATI SHAMITASATRU AM KURE MAM KURE MARA ZITE KAROTA KEYURE TEZO WATI OLO YAM VISUDDHA NIRMALE MALA PAN AYE KHUKHURE KHA KHA GRASE GRASANA O MUKHI PARAM MUKHI A MUKHI SHAMITWANI SARVA GRAHA BANDHANANE NIGRIHITVA SARVA PARAPRA WADINA VIMUKTA MARA PAS A STHAVITVA BUDDHA MUDRA ANUNGATITA SARVA MARE PUTSA RITA PARISUDHE VIGATSANTU SARVA MARA KARMANI.2

Sagaramati, when these syllables are recited at the beginning and then the Dharma teachings are given, for a hundred yojana around none of the maras can come to create obstacles. Those who can come cannot create obstacles.

Then when the Dharma teachings are given, they should be related to the subject at hand, and be clear and moderate. This completes giving Dharma teachings.

V. INCREASE.

Even though these three generosities may be small, there is a method to increase them. The Bodhisattva Basket mentions:

Shariputra, a wise bodhisattva can increase even a small gift. He can increase it through the power of primordial wisdom, can expand it through the power of discriminating wisdom, and can make it infinite through the power of dedication.

First, increasing generosity “through the power of primordial wisdom” comes from the full realization that is free from the three spheres. This is the realization that the giver is like an illusion, the gift is also like an illusion, and the recipient is like an illusion.

Second, in order for one to receive a great amount of merit from the generosities, understand that they are increased by the power of wisdom awareness. In any kind of generosity practice, if first you do it with the intention of giving things in order to establish all sentient beings in the state of enlightenment; in the middle, without attachment for the gift; and at the end, free from expectation of any result, you will receive the great merits of generosity. The Condensed Perfection of Wisdom Sutra says:

One should remain without attachment to the gift. Also, one should not expect a result.

Therefore, if one gives everything with great skill There will be infinite virtue even if one’s gift is small.

Third, making generosity infinite through the power of dedication. It increases infinitely if one dedicates this generosity practice to the unsurpassable enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings. The Bodhisattva

Bhumis says:

One should not practice generosity by looking at the result.3 All the generosity practices should be dedicated to unsurpassable, perfect, complete enlightenment.

Dedication not only increases generosity, but also causes it to become inexhaustible. The Aksayamati-Requested

Sutra says:

Shariputra, for example, a drop of water dropped in the ocean will not be exhausted until the end of the kalpa. Likewise, when one dedicates the root of virtue to enlightenment, it will not be exhausted between now and when one achieves the heart of enlightenment.

VI. PERFECTION.

Concerning the perfect purification of generosity, the Collection of Transcendent Instructions says:

If one acts with emptiness and the essence of compassion, All the merit will be purified.

When these generosity practices are supported by emptiness, they will not become a cause of samsara. When they are supported by compassion, they will not become a cause of the lesser vehicle. They will become a cause only for the achievement of non-abiding nirvana, therefore they are “pure.”

“Supported by emptiness” means, according to the Ratnacuda-Requested Sutra, that the practice of generosity should be stamped by the four seals of emptiness. It is said this way:

One should practice generosity with four seals. What are these four? One should be sealed by the pervading emptiness of the inner body, sealed by the emptiness of the outer wealth, sealed by the emptiness of the subjective mind, and sealed by the emptiness of the Dharma of enlightenment. One should practice sealed with these four.

Generosity “supported by compassion” means giving because you cannot bear the suffering of sentient beings individually or in general.

VII. RESULT.

One should understand the results of generosity in the ultimate and conventional states. The ultimate result is that one achieves unsurpassable enlightenment. The Bodhisattva Bhumis says:

Thus, all the bodhisattvas who fully perfect the practice of generosity will achieve the unsurpassable, perfect, complete enlightenment.

In the conventional state, one will gain prosperity through the practice of giving wealth, even if one does not wish it. Furthermore, one can gather trainees through generosity and connect them with enlightenment. The

Condensed Perfection of Wisdom Sutra says:

The generosity of bodhisattvas cuts off rebirth as a hungry ghost. Likewise, poverty and all the afflicting emotions are cut off.

By acting well, one will achieve infinite wealth while in the bodhisattva’s life, And fully mature all the suffering sentient beings through the practice of generosity.

The Bodhisattva Bhumis says:

One will become strong by giving food.

One will achieve a good complexion by giving clothes. One will become stable by giving conveyances. One will have good eyesight by giving lamps.

By giving fearlessness, one will be unassailable by obstacles and maras. The Precious Jewel Garland says:

By giving fearlessness to those who are in fear, One will be unassailable by all the maras And will become supremely powerful.

By giving Dharma teachings, one will meet the Buddha swiftly, will accompany him, and achieve all that one desires. The Precious Jewel Garland says:

Giving Dharma teachings to those who listen Causes obscurations to be dispelled

And one will accompany all the Buddhas. One will quickly achieve all that one desires.

This is the twelfth chapter, dealing with the perfection of generosity, from The Jewel Ornament of Liberation, the Wish-fulfilling

GAMPOPA – JEWEL ORNAMENT OF LIBERATION: CHAPTER 13