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Some countries provide other forms of support for workers with disabilities or job-seekers with disabilities. For example, many countries provide free or subsidized training and/or financial assistance to employers to make job accommodations for workers with disabilities. Some countries provide free job placement assistance for job-seekers with disabilities.
4.5 The Basic Employment Agreement (Lecture and Activities)
Explain to participants that the basic employment contract calls for employees to perform specific job tasks (usually referred to as job duties or terms of reference) in exchange for a salary or wage. Sometimes benefits are also included. Job requirements refer to the skills and abilities applicants must demonstrate to carry out job duties. Examples are physical strength or good communication skills. Sometimes jobs may require workers to have resources such as tools or a car. Job qualifications refer to specific training, experience or certificates that applicants must demonstrate to be considered for the job. For example, to qualify for some jobs, it is necessary to have a college degree or to complete a skills test. Ask one of the participants to share his or her job goal and his or her understanding of the duties, requirements and qualifications associated with that goal. Add to the information as needed. Request another job goal if further explanation is needed.
Terms or Types of Employment (Large Group Activity)
Explain that the terms of employment describe the type of agreement or relationship an employer and employee establish. What Type of Employment Am I? (Quick Quiz Game) Organize participants into two teams. Write up on the board or flipchart paper the five different kinds of employment contracts (temporary, casual, permanent part-time, permanent full-time, contractual).
Explain that you are going to read out a description of a type of employment, and the teams must call out which type it is. The first team to call out the correct answer will get one point. If they can also provide an example of that kind of job, they will get an extra point. The team with the most points at the end wins. Read out the following descriptions of the different kinds of work. 1. Temporary employment I am employment that lasts for a specified period of time, usually a short period such as several months. I can be full-time or part-time and usually I do not come with any benefits. When the agreed upon work period ends, the worker may be extended, laid off or hired on a permanent basis. I am common in the service industries.
G e t t i n g H i r e d A Trainer’s Manual for Conducting a Workshop for Job-Seekers with Disabilities - 24 - 2. Casual employment I am employment for an agreed amount of time such as a few hours, a day, a week or a month. Typically, the employee receives no benefits, only a wage for the period of time worked. I may become a permanent job, but there is no guarantee. I am common in construction, agriculture and other types of manual work.
3. Part-time permanent employment
I am employment of less than a full work week. (The length of the typical work week is determined by local practices or labour laws; for example, in many countries it involves a five-day or forty-hour work week, but trainers should use the local standards.) I may include benefits, depending on local labour laws. I am usually for an unlimited period of time. I am common in the service industries, office work and other areas of work.
4. Full-time permanent employment
I am employment for the full work week and usually involve a formal contract or agreement between the employer and the employee. My type of employment is indefinite, and usually includes benefits in addition to a salary. I am common across many different kinds of industries.
5. Contractual employment
I am employment for a specific task and a specific period of time, according to a contract which lays out the job duties, tasks and pay. I am most common in the consulting field or in service businesses such as home repair. Ask participants what they think is the most desirable type of employment and why.
Salary and Wages (Lecture)
Explain that when a person is hired for a job, there are various ways of receiving income from that job. People may be paid a daily rate (as with casual or day labourers), an hourly rate according to the number of hours worked or a piece rate. Piece rate means that wages are paid in accordance with the type and number of items made or completed. For example, in tailoring, pay may be based on units of work produced, e.g. the number of trouser legs completed.
Some people receive salaries, which means they are paid a certain amount of money per week, which is often unrelated to productivity. For example, a worker in a shop may receive a salary per month, regardless of the amount he or she sells each month.
Explain that people usually receive their salaries on a weekly, bi-weekly or monthly basis. Note that certain deductions may be taken from the salary. Give examples of common deductions in your country and explain them (e.g. taxes, social insurance, costs of housing at the worksite, costs for uniforms, etc.).
Employers may prefer to transfer salaries into a bank account rather than make cash payments. It may be necessary to discuss with the group how to set up a bank account and how to safely use it. You many need to cover issues such as identity protection, use of cash cards and ATMs.