Instructivo de trámite para solicitar copias certificadas de pedimentos y sus anexos
5. REQUISITOS ADICIONALES DE ACUERDO AL RÉGIMEN ADUANERO
Investment income—sometimes called unearned income—is the money that you collect from your investments.
It may include stock dividends, mutual fund distributions, and interest from CDs, interest-bearing bank accounts, bonds, and other debt instruments. You may also have rental income from real estate or other assets you own for investment purposes.
Capital gains you realize from sell- ing investments for more than you paid to acquire them may also be considered investment income. Your net investment income is what you have left over after you subtract your investment expenses, such as fees and commissions.
Investment objective
An investment objective is a financial goal that helps determine the type of investments you make. For example, if you want a source of regular income, you might select a portfolio of high-rated bonds and dividend-paying stocks.
Each mutual fund describes its investment objective in its prospectus, along with the strategy the fund manager follows to meet that objective. Mutual fund investors often look for funds whose stated objectives are compatible with their own goals.
IRA rollover
If you move assets from an employer sponsored retirement plan to an IRA, you’ve completed an IRA rollover.
You owe no income tax on the money you move if you deposit the full amount into the new IRA within 60 days or arrange a direct transfer from the existing account to the new account.
If you’re moving money from an employer’s retirement plan to an IRA yourself, the plan administrator is required to withhold 20% of the total.
That amount is refunded after you file your income tax return, provided you’ve deposited the full amount into the new account on time, including the 20% that’s been withheld. Any amount you don’t deposit within the 60-day period is considered an early withdrawal and you’ll have to pay tax on it.
You might also have to pay a penalty for early withdrawal if you’re younger than 59½. But if you arrange a direct transfer from your plan to the rollover IRA nothing is withheld.
Irrevocable trust
An irrevocable trust is a legal agreement whose terms cannot be changed by the creator, or grantor, who establishes the trust, chooses a trustee, and names the beneficiary or beneficiaries.
The trust document names a trustee who is responsible for managing the assets in the best interests of the beneficiary or beneficiaries and carrying out the wishes the creator has expressed. You typically use an irrevocable trust for the tax benefits it can provide by removing assets permanently from your estate.
In addition, through the terms of the trust you can exert continuing control over the way your property is distributed to your beneficiaries. Trusts have the ad- ditional advantages of being more difficult to contest than a will and more private.
If you establish an irrevocable trust while you’re still alive, it’s called a living or inter vivos trust. If you establish the trust in your will, so that it takes effect at the time of your death, it’s called a testamentary trust.
Issue
When a corporation offers a stock or bond for sale, or a government offers a bond, the security is known as an issue, and the company or government is the issuer.
Issuer
An issuer is a corporation, government, agency, or investment trust that sells securities, such as stocks and bonds, to investors. Issuers may sell the securities through an underwriter as part of a public offering or as a private placement.
IRA
January effect
Each year, the stock market tends to increase slightly in value between December 31 and the end of the first week of January.
Known as the January effect, this rise starts when investors sell under- performing stocks at year-end to claim capital losses on their tax returns.
After the new tax year begins on January 1, the same investors tend to reinvest the money from those sales, heightening demand temporarily, and making the overall market rise slightly during that week.
Jumbo CD
Jumbo CDs are large-denomination certificates of deposit with balances of at least $100,000, and sometimes $1 million or more.
They tend to pay higher rates than smaller CDs and are purchased primarily by institutional investors. However, they’re increasingly marketed to individual inves- tors as low-risk, fixed-income assets.
Jumbo CDs may be negotiable or non-negotiable. Negotiable CDs may be traded in the secondary market and are often issued in bearer form, which means that physical possession of the paper document is the sole proof of ownership. The banks that sell bearer CDs keep no records of ownership.
Non-negotiable Jumbo CDs, like conventional CDs, remain on deposit in the bank that issued them and are held in the name of the purchaser.
These Jumbo CDs, like other bank deposits, are FDIC insured, up to $100,000 per depositor in different categories of taxable accounts in each bank and up to $250,000 if they are held in self-directed retirement accounts, such as an individual retirement account (IRA).
Junior security
In the world of bonds, the term junior means having less claim to repayment. If you own a junior security and the issuing company goes out of business, you have less claim on any assets than an investor who owns a senior security issued by the same company.
But all bondholders, whether they own junior or senior securities, are senior to, or have a greater claim than, holders of preferred stock, who in turn are senior to holders of common stock.
Junk bond
Junk bonds carry a higher-than-average risk of default, which means that the bond issuer may not be able to meet interest payments or repay the loan when it matures.
Except for bonds that are already in default, junk bonds have the lowest ratings, usually Caa or CCC, assigned by rating services such as Moody’s Investors Service and Standard & Poor’s (S&P).
Issuers offset the higher risk of default on junk bonds by offering substantially higher interest rates than are being paid on investment-grade bonds. That’s why junk bonds are also known, more positively, as high-yield bonds.