Desarrollo del modelo
3.6 Resultados de la tercera regresión
Věra Schulzová, Hana Novotná, Jana Hajšlová
Institute of Chemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technická 3, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
e‐mail: [email protected]
With regard to a growing concern in organic foodstuffs, the control of their quality and authenticity becomes an urgent issue. In order to have a free and informed choice between organic and conventional foods, an objective assessment of a product quality based on a sound scientific knowledge is needed.
The carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) is a member of the Umbeliferae family. Carrots are jam‐packed with carotenes, particularly beta‐carotene, they are also a good source of dietary fiber, manganese, niacin, potassium, vitamin B6 and vitamin C.
The aim of this project was an investigation of the influence of farming conditions on the carrot quality. Carrot varieties Afalon and Cortina were grown at two different localities in Czech Republic. To determine a possible inter‐annual variability, the experiments are carried out on crops from two consecutive years (2012 – 2013).
In this two‐year pilot study, concerned with classification of organic, integrated and conventional crops, ambient mass spectrometry was employed. The instrumental system consisted of a Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART) ion source and a High Resolution Mass Spectrometer (HRMS). To calculate statistical models, the obtained data (mass spectra) were processed by relevant statistical tools. The highest content of vitamin C (49.5 mg/kg) was found in samples from integrated production. No significant differences in carotenoids content (average levels 240 mg/kg) between varieties and way of farming were found. The ratio of α and β carotene was constant (44:56). The effect of mold infestation by Alternaria dauci was investigated; the induction of phytoalexine 6‐methoxymelein was observed in organic samples.
DART‐MS method enabled differentiation between organic, low input, and conventional samples, the recognition ability of the model obtained by LDA was 92% for crop year 2012. Establishing long‐term databases may further help to improve the quality of statistical classification models.
IDENTIFICATION OF PLANTS THAT ACCUMULATE Hg IN THE MOST POLLUTED AREA IN ALBANIA
Julian Shehu1, Fatos Harizaj1, Ardian Maçi2 , Alfred Mullaj3
1
Department of Plant Production, Agricultural University of Tirana
2
Department of Agro‐environment and Ecology, Agricultural University of Tirana
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Blv “Zog I” Tirana, Albania
Mercury and its compounds are cumulative toxins and in small quantities are hazardous to human health. Currently, phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove inactive metals and metal pollutants from contaminated soil and water.
The aim of this publication is to assess the environmental impact of mercury disposal to surface soils and local vegetation in the area of a former factory of Soda –PVC in Vlora and to develop the necessary steps for the elimination or minimization of these effect using phytoremedation techniques. Soil and plant samples were analyzed for Hg content using the CV‐AAS method. Obtained results showed that the highest Hg concentration was in the samples close to the factory, reaching values of 41.9 mg/kg.
Different plant species growing in the area were collected and analyzed for the Hg content. The results showed that the highest Hg content in the aerial portion were found in Equisetum arvense L. plant (14 mg/kg) and the lowest in Salix babylonica L. (0.51) mg/kg. The Biologyc Accumulation Factor values showed that the accumulation abbility of a species is not directly related to its level in soil, but with the specific characteristics of the plants. Plants showed the ability to tolerate and accumulate very high concentration level of mercury present in the Hg contaminated soil.The results can be useful to select species for phytoremedation in the area of PVC – factory of Vlora.
SALE OF ORGANIC FOOD IN SPECIALIST SHOPS IN POLAND
Joanna Smoluk‐Sikorska, Władysława Łuczka‐Bakuła
The Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Economics, ul. Wojska Polskiego 28, Poznań, 60‐637, Poland, [email protected]
The aim of the paper is to analyse the structure and range of the organic food offer in specialist shops in Poland and their supply sources. In order to achieve this goal, results of research conducted in 2011 on retail of organic products were presented. It covered 131 specialist shops in the eight largest agglomerations in Poland. The research was funded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education as part of the research project No NN112 385440 “State and Condition of the Development of the Organic Food Retail”.
The majority of the retailers questioned (almost 86%) offered over 100 organic products and nearly 2/5 over 300. About 2/3 provided almost all product groups except meat and sausages. Most products were offered in such groups as herbs, spices and cereals, whereas the fewest articles were provided in eggs, meat and bread.
The retailers were aware that their offers do not entirely meet consumers’ expectations. Over 2/3 of the responders indicated that they sometimes lacked certain products in their shops, while nearly 10% answered that they often or very often lacked some wanted articles. In order to explain this situation they indicated narrow suppliers’ product range and high prices as reasons for insufficient organic offer. The retailers also assigned some meaning to seasonality of supply and necessity to assure the most complex offer of fresh products possible.
Most retailers (over 92%) wanted to extend the range of organics in future. However, they conditioned their decision on such factors as demand growth, price of organics or wider suppliers’ offer. It is worthwhile to mention that they assigned more meaning to determinants of supply character, which resulted from the need for assuring wider offer of organic food in their shops.