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Agura 4.6: Resumen de la Lista de Revisión del Procedimiento
Concentrator software package has to realize at least the following functions: Reading and memorizing functions
Management/parameterization functions Communication functions
Data processing functions
Data and access protection functions Administration functions
2.2.1 Reading and memorizing (archiving) functions
One of the basic functions of the concentrator is reading of meters located in its communication network. Reading function is realized through the reading program/sequence. We differentiate:
According to the purpose of read meters:
Meters for total metering at the substation Public lighting meters
Control meters
Customer meters – Contractual customers
1. According to the type of read meters: Single‐phase
Three‐phase
Direct metering groups. Semi‐indirect metering groups.
2. According to the amount of read meters: Reading of individual meter
Reading of the group of meters
3. According to reading frequency:
Automated reading according to sequence Reading on request
Periodical reading on request Special reading on request.
Data read according to sequence: Daily states of registers Meter statuses
Electricity supply quality register Event log
Load profile
Hourly states of registers
States of monthly accounting registers Time and date.
Data read on request include the following, in addition to all data indicated as read according to sequence:
Effective voltage values per phases at the moment of reading Effective current values per phases at the moment of reading Instantaneous power – (load power at the moment of reading) Tariff programme
Consumption management parameters
Parameters for voltage thresholds within electricity quality log Parameters for time intervals of profiles
Parameters for registers within profiles
Parameters related to presentation of meter display Archive states of accounting registers
Current state of bistable switch Meter software version
Factory number and type of meter
Reading function in the concentrator is realized to enable all reading combinations (through corresponding reading programs/sequences) indicated above and the ones making sense. Concentrator should have sufficient storage space (storage – point 1.1.9), therefore data storage (archiving) function reliably should store all read data for at least 6 months, except accounting data which need to be stored for 12 months.
2.2.1.1 Proposal for Automated Reading according to Sequence
Programmes/sequences related to this type of reading are divided into: Daily
Weekly Monthly
Initial daily reading program/sequence of three‐phase meters (households) reads the following:
1. Daily value of meter register (value from 00:00) and meter statuses are read first.
2. When reading from point 1 is finalised, reading of electricity quality logs starts on all meters.
3. When reading from point 2 is finalised, reading of event logs starts on all meters. 4. Hourly data from the meter are read after finalisation of Event Log reading. 5. Load profiles from the meter are read.
Under the current technical solution for PLC communication it can hardly be expected that daily programmes will fully be executed on all meters within one substation region. That is way reading algorithms should be provided enabling 98% realisation of daily reading programme/sequence of points 1, 2 and 3 in accordance with the remaining time for execution of this programme/sequence and priorities for other programmes/sequences.
Initial weekly reading programme/sequence of three‐phase meters (households) reads the following:
1. Real time clock reading from all meters.
Initial monthly reading programme/sequence of three‐phase meters (households) reads the following:
2. Reading of monthly accounting data from all meters. Programme/sequence reading priority should be as follows:
If the date on the real time clock is within between the 1st and 3rd day of the month, monthly program/sequence of reading has absolute priority and it is executed until all monthly accounting data are completed for all meters or other conditions are created for program interruption. Otherwise, daily reading program/sequence is executed.
Readings on request have priority over automated programs/sequences of reading.
2.2.2 Management/Parameterisation Function
Concentrator should have management/parameterization function in charge for the change of meter parameters, bistabile switch control as well as meter software change. This Function is realized through the program/sequence of management/parameterization. We differentiate:
1. According to the purpose of read meters: Meters for total metering at the substation Public lighting meters
Control meters
Customer meters – Households
Customer meters – Contractual customers
2. According to the type of managed/parameterized meters: Single‐phase
Three‐phase
Direct metering groups. Semi‐indirect metering groups.
3. According to the amount of managed/parameterized meters: Management/parameterization of individual meter
Management/parameterization of the group of meters
According to frequency, function may be divided in:
Management/parameterization according to sequence Management/parameterization on request
The list of parameters:
Daylight saving time changes.
Tariff programme change.
Change of value presentation period on meter display.
Change of sequence and selection of registers for presentation on meter display.
Key roles ‐ conditional reconnection.
Change of integration period in case of 15‐minute power.
Voltage threshold for phase presence decision.
Change of maximum power limit.
Change of bistable switch position. Remote disconnection/connection of the customer.
Controllable output management.
Automatic or conditional repeated disconnection
Penalty time.
Change of registers within profile framework.
Change of profile periods.
Voltage thresholds related to electricity quality.
Meter software change.
Credit change for Pre‐Paid meters.
Message sending to the customer (HAN)
Management/parameterisation function will generate a corresponding report to be sent to AMM Centre after it’s every action, containing assigned action success percentage and the list of meters from which there is no management/parameterisation execution confirmation.
Management/parameterisation function initially has execution priority over automated regular reading function. Setting of priorities is fully configurable.
2.2.3 Communication function
Concentrator is in communication terms realised as the device communicating with at least two sides: on one side there are electricity meters located in the substation region where the concentrator is also installed, while on the other side it communicates with AMM Centre. The connection via both communication paths shall be bidirectional.
Communication with meters goes on via PLC (Power Line Carrier) communication. Communication with AMM Centre goes on via GRPS communication.
2.2.3.1 Communication with Meters
Concentrator is equipped with corresponding PLC modem enabling communication between the concentrator and the meter.
PLC modem on the concentrator should meet general requirements from point 1 and 2 of the Technical Requirements for PLC Modem, as well as special requirements from point 2.1.
Communication with meters is realised to make automatic meter detection of newly‐installed meters mandatory. It goes without saying that no information should be sent to the concentrator, so that it could be able to execute meter detection procedure.
Communication function with meters needs to support a fully automated repetition procedure and finding of optimal communication path, except in case that this functionality is provided by the protocol itself in the PLC modem.
If the concentrator realizes the repetition function itself, it memorizes communication route (topology) towards every meter in its network and submits this information locally or remotely. It goes without saying that PLC technology has to support operation with repeaters. Every communication module on meters also has to operate as repeater, without any additional device.
Communication function has to offer information on line quality such as signal/noise ratio, attenuation and data loss statistics.
2.2.3.2 Communication with AMM Centre
Concentrator is equipped with the corresponding GPRS modem (it also has GSM functionality, due to possible implementation of the system with dynamic addressing of GRPS modem) enabling bidirectional communication of the concentrator and AMM Centre.
GRPS modem meets technical characteristics from Technical Requirements for GPRS Modem.
Communication with AMM Centre is initiated in several ways:
According to automatic concentrator response sequence.
According to emergency request of the concentrator.
Upon the request from AMM Centre
Sequence of automatic concentrator reporting to AMM Centre is fully configurable, in terms of the number of reports during the day and defining of reporting time.
2.2.4 Data Processing Function
Concentrator software, in addition to reading and data sending towards AMM Centre as primary functions, also performs partial processing of collected data. Distributed data processing would be introduced in this manner, as well as partial reduction of pressure on transmission communication path to AMM Centre, and on AMM Centre servers.
Concentrator shall execute initial data processing collected up to that moment, in the manner not affecting data reading, parameterisation and delivery.
Data processing function processes alarms and statuses of meters, electricity supply quality logs, event logs, with the making of corresponding reports after finding corresponding alarms, statuses and events to be sent to AMM Centre upon emergency request of the concentrator. This function should minimally process events and alarms related to the disruption of meter integrity (e.g. opening of termination cover), as well as attempt or disruption of data integrity in the meters themselves (e.g. meter reprogramming attempt, etc.).
This function should also perform analysis of voltage circumstances on meters themselves, since there are corresponding records in electricity delivery quality register recording voltage drops below agreed voltage thresholds and supply interruptions. In this manner, this function would indicate poor voltage circumstances of one or a group of customers and it would serve as the reason to send crews into the field.
The concentrator also automatically informs AMM Centre on the detection of new meters in the subordinate substation region.
2.2.5 Data and access protection function
Access to data and functions of the concentrator has to be protected by authentication and authorisation procedure.
Concentrator should have the possibility of creating access logs, both for local or remote access through communication channels.
Concentrator has to support communication encryption with meters and with AMM Centre.
2.2.6 Administration function
Administration function may be done locally or remotely. It minimally has to provide:
Review and synchronization of reading programs/sequences with AMM Centre or a laptop.
Review and synchronization of management/parameterization programs/sequences with AMM Centre or local laptop.
Review and change of programs/sequences execution priorities. Real time clock synchronization.
Review of communication PLC route, if not implemented through PLC protocol itself in PLC modems.
Review and change of concentrator reporting time and frequency parameters. Review and change of communication parameters of concentrator.
Review and change of all other concentrator parameters. Change of concentrator management software.
Concentrator needs to have data stored in its memory (in the form of logs) on changes of all of its parameters and settings at least for the last 6 months.