Habit.– Perennial scandent herb.
Region.– N: Lampang, Phrae; NE: Khon Kaen; C: Saraburi;
SE: Chon Buri.
Distribution.– Endemic to Thailand.
Habitat.– Exposed areas in limestone forest, 250-600 m alt.
Amischotolype barbarossa Duist.
Habit.– Creeping herb.
Region.– P: Nakhon Si Thammarat.
Distribution.– Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra.
Habitat.– Evergreen forest, lighter shaded areas, on dry sandy soil or wet places, to 800 m alt.
Amischotolype divaricata Duist.
Habit.– Herb.
Region.– N: Chiang Mai; C: Nakhon Nayok; E:
Chaiyaphum; SE: Chanthaburi, Trat; P: Songkhla.
Distribution.– Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia, Sumatra.
Habitat.– Disturbed or bamboo forests, on damp or moist to marshy places near streams, 50-1,225 m alt.
Amischotolype glabrata Hassk.
หญาปลาบเกลี้ยง
Habit.– Creeping herb.
Region.– N: Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Lampang; P: Ranong, Surat, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang, Yala, Narathiwat.
Distribution.– India, China, Indochina, Malaysia.
Habitat.– Wet places in lowland to hill evergreen and gallery forests, 50-400 m alt.
Amischotolype griffithii (C.B. Clarke) I.M. Turner
เอื้องดอกแดง
Habit.– Creeping herb.
Region.– P: Nakhon Si Thammarat, Yala, Narathiwat.
Distribution.– Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra.
Habitat.– Swampy in hill evergreen and gallery forests, ca 150 m alt.
Amischotolype hookeri (Hassk.) H. Hara
หลาวลูด
Habit.– Climbing and straggling herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Bangladesh.
Habitat.– Wet places in deciduous, oak-pine, hill evergreen and gallery forests, to 1,000 m alt.
Amischotolype irritans (Ridl) I.M. Turner
หญาปลาบ
Habit.– Creeping herb.
Region.– P: Nakhon Si Thammarat, Pattani, Yala.
Distribution.– Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra.
Habitat.– In hill evergreen and gallery forests, 200-800 m alt.
Amischotolype marginata (Blume) Hassk.
เอื้องดอกแดง
Habit.– Creeping herb.
Region.– SW: Kanchanaburi, Phetchaburi; P: Ranong, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang, Satun, Pattani, Narathiwat.
Distribution.– Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra.
Habitat.– Lowland evergreen, peat swamp or montane forests, disturbed or secondary growth, to 1,500 m alt.
Amischotolype monosperma (C.B. Clarke) I.M. Turner Habit.– Giant creeping herb.
Region.– P: Yala.
Distribution.– Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo.
Habitat.– Evergreen and gallery forests, 100-300 m alt.
Amischotolype welzeniana Duist.
Habit.– Creeping herb.
Region.– C: Bangkok; P: Surat Thani, Trang.
Distribution.– Myanmar.
Habitat.– Evergreen forest or disturbed thickets along trail, 200-300 m alt.
Belosynapsis ciliate (Blume) R.S. Rao
หญากาเหลื่อม
Habit.– Succulent herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Bhutan, China, Taiwan, Japan, Indochina, Malaysia.
Habitat.– Damp and wet places or high humus on rocks in evergreen and gallery forests, 50-800 m alt.
Commelina benghalensis L.
ผักปลาบ
Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– Africa, India, Himalaya, China, Taiwan, Japan, Indochina.
Habitat.– Common weed in open areas, to 500 m alt.
Commelina communis L.
Habit.– Annual herbs.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– China, Cambodia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Russia, Vietnam.
Habitat.– Wet places.
Commelina diffusa Burm.f.
ผักปลาบ
Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– Pantropical.
Habitat.– Common weeds in humid and wet open areas, to 2,100 m alt.
Commelina paludosa Blum
หญากาบไผ
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Distribution.– India, Sri Lanka, Himalaya, China, Taiwan, Myanmar, Indochina, Malaysia.
Habitat.– In hill evergreen and gallery forests, rarely in deciduous forest, 100-2,000 m alt.
Commelina sikkimensis C.B. Clarke
หญาผักปลาบแดง
Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– N: Chiang Mai, Kamphaeng Phet; NE: Loei; E:
Chaiyaphum.
Distribution.– Himalaya, Myanmar.
Habitat.– Climbing among grasses in open areas, 1,000-2,100 m alt.
Commelina suffruticosa Blume
หญาเถลิง
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– N: Chiang Mai, Kamphaeng Phet, Lampang; NE:
Phetchabun.
Distribution.– India, Himalaya, China, Malaysia, Indonesia.
Habitat.– Common on ridges in deciduous forest, 300-1,200 m alt.
Cyanotis arachnoidea C.B. Clarke var. arachnoidea
เอื้องหิน
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– N: Chiang Mai; NE: Phetchabun, Loei, Khon Kaen.
Distribution.– India, Himalaya, Sri Lanka, China, Myanmar, Malaysia.
Habitat.– High humus litter in open areas on rocks, 200-1,500 m alt.
Cyanotis axillaris (L.) Sweet
ผักปลาบนา
Habit.– Annuals herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– Tropical Africa, India, Sri Lanka, Himalaya, China, Myanmar, Indochina, Malaysia, N Australia.
Habitat.– Common in muddy, marshy, moist sandy open areas, to 500 m alt.
Cyanotis burmanniana Wight
หญาระงับ
Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Sri Lanka.
Habitat.– Sandy soil in deciduous forests, to 700 m alt.
Cyanotis cristata (L.) D. Don
หญาหัวรากนอย
Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– Tropical Africa to India, Sri Lanka, Himalaya, China, Myanmar, Indochina, Malaysia.
Habitat.– In wet and high humus litter on rocks, in gallery and evergreen forests or shade place in deciduous forest, to 700 m alt.
Cyanotis thwaitesii Hassk.
ฝอยหิน
Habit.– Perennials herb.
Region.– N: Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai; NE: Loei, Khon Kaen; E: Chaiyaphum.
Distribution.– India, Himalaya, Sri Lanka, China, Myanmar,
Malaysia.
Habitat.– Open grassy or wet litter on sandstones in pine or mixed deciduous forests, 600-1,700 m alt.
Cyanotis vaga (Lour.) Schult. & Schult.f.
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– Africa, India, Himalaya.
Habitat.– Common in open areas with high humus litter and wet rocks, 300-1,300 m alt.
Dictyospermum conspicuum (Blume) J.K. Morton
หญากาลื่น
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Himalaya, Bangladesh, China, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia.
Habitat.– Exposed areas and gallery forests, 50-1,200 m alt.
Dictyospermum ovatum Hassk.
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, China, Vietnam.
Habitat.– Exposed area and gallery forests, to 600 m alt.
Floscopa scandens Lour.
ผักปลาบชาง
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Sri Lanka, Himalaya, Bangladesh, China, Hong Kong, Myanmar, Loas, Vietnam, Malaysia, Australia.
Habitat.– Open areas in swampy, muddy grassland, gallery forest and roadside ditches, 50-1,700 m alt.
Murdannia clandestine (Ridl.) Faden Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– N: Chiang Mai, Lampang; SE: Chanthaburi.
Distribution.– Malaysia.
Habitat.– Growing by edge of stream in gallery forest, 300-1,200 m alt.
Murdannia divergens (C.B. Clarke) G. Brückn.
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– N: Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Khamphaeng Phet;
NE: Sakon Nakhon.
Distribution.– India, Bhutan, China, Taiwan, Myanmar.
Habitat.– Near small stems or wet grasslands in mixed deciduous, pine or montane forests, 300-1,200 m alt.
Murdannia edulis (Stokes) Faden
โดเด
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– N: Chiang Mai, Nakhon Sawan; NE: Phetchabun, Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Khon Kaen; E: Chaiyaphum, Nakhon Ratchasima, Ubon Ratchathani; SW:
Kanchanaburi.
Distribution.– India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Taiwan, Myanmar, Indochina, Indonesia, Timor, New Guinea, Philippines.
Habitat.– Seasonal swampy soils in deciduous or oak-pine forests, to 1,300 m alt.
Murdannia gigantea (Vahl) G. Brückn.
หญาหงอนเงือก
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– Madagascar, India, China, Myanmar, Indochina, Malaysia, Tropical Australia.
Habitat.– Wet places in deciduous forest or marshes, moist open grasslands in lowlands to higher elevations, to 1,400 m alt.
Murdannia japonica (Thunb.) Faden
หวานดองลิง
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, China, Indochina, Malaysia, Java.
Habitat.– In lowland evergreen forest, exposed areas in gallery forest, wet places in deciduous or bamboo forests, 50-1,000 m alt.
Used.– Edible.
Murdannia loriformis (Hassk.) R.S. Rao & Kammathy
ผักลืมผัวใหญ
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Sri Lanka, China, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia.
Habitat.– Common in deciduous forest, 50-400 m alt.
Murdannia macrocarpa D.Y. Hong Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– N: Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai; NE: Loei: E:
Chiyaphum, Nakhon Ratchasima, Ubon Ratchathani.
Distribution.– China.
Habitat.– In moist grassy, sandy open areas and pine forest, 1,000-1,800 m alt.
Murdannia medica (Lour.) D.Y. Hong
แหวกระตาย
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– NE: Sakon Nakhon, Khon Kaen; E: Nakhon Ratchasima, Roi Et; SW: Kanchanaburi; SE: Prachinburi.
Distribution.– China, Indochina.
Habitat.– In grassy, wet places on slopses and deciduous forest, 150-400 m alt.
Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan
กินกุงนอย
Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– Pantropical.
Habitat.– Common weed in open areas in deciduous forest, grassland and rice fields, to 1,500 m alt.
Murdannia pauciflora (G. Brückn.) G. Brückn.
Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– N: Chiang Mai; SE: Trat; P: Ranong.
Distribution.– India, Malaysia.
Habitat.– In open grassy and marshy ground near streams or by the sea, to 1,300 m alt.
Murdannia spectabilis (Kurz) Faden
หญาขนไก
Habit.– Perrennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– China, Myanmar, Indochina, Philippines.
Habitat.– Wet and open areas in deciduous forest, scrub or grasslands, 100-1,300 m alt.
Murdannia spirata (L.) G. Brückn.
Habit.– Annual herb.
Region.– N: Tak; NE: Sakon Nakhon; E: Surin; SE: Trat;
SW: Kanchanaburi; P: Ranong.
Distribution.– America, India, Sri Lanka, Himalaya, China, Taiwan, Japan, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia.
Habitat.– Wet and sunny open areas, 50-500 m alt.
Murdannia vaginata (L.) G. Brückn.
หญาขวยขี้กาเดือน
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Sri Lanka, Sikkim, China, Indochina, Philippines.
Habitat.– Weeds in marshy or wet areas in deciduous forest
and grassland, to 700 m alt.
Pollia hasskarlii R.S. Rao Habit.– Perennial herb.
Distribution.– East India, Himalaya, China, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia.
Habitat.– Exposed areas in swampy, muddy places in lower hill evergreen and gallery forests, 200-1,700 m alt.
Pollia secundiflora (Blume) Bakh.f.
เอื้องหิน
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Sri Lanka, Himalaya, Bangladesh, China, Myanmar, Indochina, Malaysia to New Guinea.
Habitat.– Exposed areas in swampy, muddy soil in lower hill evergreen and gallery forests, 100-1,000 m alt.
Pollia sumatrana Hassk.
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– P: SongKhla, Pattani, Yala.
Distribution.– Malaysia.
Habitat.– On limestone, evergreen forest, 200-1,500 m alt.
Pollia thyrsiflora (Blume) Steud.
ระรื่น
Habit.– Perennial herb.
Region.– All over the country.
Distribution.– India, Sikkim, China, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia.
Habitat.– Exposed areas in swampy, muddy or wet places in deciduous, evergreen and gallery forests, 50-1,000 m alt.
Uses.– Edible.