· The lack of UK design and construction guidance notes was apparent in the review of recent rammed earth buildings.
· There are a large number of successful historic rammed earth and chalk buildings in the UK and growing number of modern buildings as well.
· Rammed earth walls are used for both loadbearing and non-loadbearing walls and both externally and internally.
· Concerns over weather conditions, especially keeping material at a suitable moisture content prior to compaction and whilst in formwork, has been recognised as major factor to success of rammed earth in UK.
Conclusions
11
· Organisation of the site, and in particular the formwork, is key to the success of rammed earth projects.
· Erosion protection is important consideration in the design of rammed earth walls. · Poor insulation properties of rammed earth have been addressed in recent projects
by using an external insulating render or incorporating internal rigid foam insulation. The effectiveness of these solutions is, however, yet to be established.
· A variety of quality control measures have been used in recent rammed earth projects, including regular cube testing for compressive strength to no proscribed testing at all.
· The finished cost of rammed earth walling in the UK depends on a variety of factors, but typically ranges between £80 and £250/m2 for a 300 mm thick wall. This cost is
competitive compared to quality masonry and other walling finishes.
· In recent UK projects no significant problems were encountered with building control in the use of rammed earth. However, in the future external rammed earth walling is likely to require additional (external) insulation to meet recent building regulation requirements for thermal transmittance.
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