Decree 54/2002/ QĐ-BNN issued by the Minister of MARD on 20/06/2002 about the ban of the production, importation, and use of some specific chemicals in commercial feed production and business.
Decree 88/2008/QĐ_BNN issued by MARD promulgated the list of imported feeds and raw materials for feed production followed the HS codes.
Circular 81/2009/TT-BNNPTNT of MARD regulated the national technical standards on feed sector. It provides national technical regulation on animal feeding stuffs—Maximum level of antibiotics, drugs, microorganism and heavy metals in completed feeds for chickens, ducks, pigs, and cattle beef.
Decree 08/2010/NĐ-CP of the government dated 15/02/2010 on the management of livestock feed industry, in which the State encourages organizations and individuals to invest on research, technological transfer, nutritious animal processed feeds, in order to reduce the percentage of imported feeds. This Decree provides for
production, trading, export, import, assay and accreditation of livestock feeds; state management, examination, inspection and administrative violations in the domain of livestock feeds. This Decree applies to domestic and foreign organizations and individuals engaged in livestock feed-related activities in the Vietnamese territory.
Decree 08/2011/NĐ-CP of the government dated 25/01/2011 prescribed administrative sanctions for the violation in animal feed production. The administrative violations of animal feed, including:(i) Violations of regulations on the production, processing feed; (ii)Violations of regulations on business and feed use; (iii)
Breaching regulations on importation of animal feed; (iv) Violations of regulations on assaying and testing feed; (v) Obstructing state administration of animal feed.
Circular 61/2011/TT-BNNPTNT of MARD dated 12/09/2011 regulated the national technical standards on feed sector. The circular provides national technical regulations on animal feed mill—conditions for veterinary hygiene and food safety, and animal feeding stuffs—criteria of safety and maximum level in animal feed stuff.
Circular 23/2012/TT-BNNPTNT issued by MARD on 18/06/2012 to amend and supplement some regulations on the national technical standards on animal feed attached with the circular 81/2009/TT-BNNPTNT dated 25/12/2009.
Circular 26/2012/TT-BNNPTNT of MARD promulgated the temporary list of livestock feeds permitted to circulate in Vietnam, including: List of livestock feeds that are produced domestic;List of livestock feeds that are imported (consisting of Animal feed has technical standards; and animal feed not having technical standards).
Circular 41/2012/TT-BNNPTNT of MARD promulgated the national technical standards on assay and inspection of animal breeds and feeds. It provides 4 national technical standards on assay and inspection for honey bee breeding, ostrich breeding, chicken feed, and pig feed.
Policies related to food safety
Decision No. 87/2005/QD-BNN of the MARD dated 26/12/2005 promulgated the procedures for control of animal slaughtering. The slaughter of animals for business must be operated at centralized slaughterhouses with qualified veterinary hygiene conditions which are controlled before, during and after slaughtering by the authorized animal health agencies. Animals used for slaughtering must satisfy veterinary hygienic standards and quarantined by the authorized animal agencies. And animals must be transferred to slaughterhouses at least 6 hours before slaughtering.
Decision No. 15/2006/QD-BNN issued by the MARD on 08/3/2006 promulgated the regulation on the order and procedures of quarantine of animals and animal products, and veterinary hygiene inspection.
The Circular 42/2006/TT-BNN of the MARD dated 1/6/2006 guided the implementation of the Decision 394/QD-TTg issued by the Prime Minister on 13/3/2006 which focuses on encouraging investment on the construction of new slaughtering units and expansion of the existing slaughterhouses, preservation and processing units of cattle and poultry, and industrial concentrated poultry production.
The Circular 06/2007/CT-TTg was issued by the Prime Minister on 28/3/2007 about the implementation of necessary solutions ensuring food safety, in which People’s Committees of provinces and cities were required to guide related specialized Departments, Sectors and People’s Committees at lower levels to construct sanitary concentrated cattle and poultry slaughterhouses associated with environmental protection.
The Circular 30/2009/TT-BNN of the MARD dated 4/6/2009 regulates inspection, sanitary veterinary surveillance for production and business of animal products, animal slaughtering used for food.
The Circular 60/2010/TT-BNN of the MARD dated 25/10/2010 regulates the hygienic veterinary conditions for pig slaughterhouses. This Circular provides veterinary hygiene conditions for slaughterhouses killing pigs by the manual or semi-automatic method. This Circular applies to domestic and overseas organizations and individuals engaged in pig slaughter in Vietnam.
The Vietnamese Food safety law(FSL) was signed by Former President Nguyen Minh Triet on June 28, 2010, and ratified by the National Assembly on June 17, 2011. The FSL entered into force on July 1, 2011. It provides organizations and individuals with rights and obligations to ensure food safety; conditions for food safety; food production and trading; food import and export; food advertisement and labelling; food testing; food risk analysis; prevention and dealing with food safety incidents; information, education and communication on food safety; and state management of food safety.
On April 25, 2012, Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung signed Decree No.38/2012/ND-CP detailing the implementation of some articles of the FSL.Decree 38 provides guidance to MARD, MOIT, and MOH on implementing provisions of the FSL, including:1) Declaration of Conformity to Technical Regulations or Food Safety Regulations; 2) Safety requirements for genetically modified foods; 3) Granting, and withdrawing Food safety certificates for establishments that meet food safety requirements; 4) State inspection on food safety for imported and exported foods; 5) Labelling of food products; and 6) Delegation of responsibilities for state management of food safety to the relevant Ministries including MOH, MARD, and MOIT. Vietnam notified Decree 38 to the WTO SPS Committee on March 25, 2011 (G/SPS/N/VMN/27).Decree entered into force on June 11, 2012.The implementing Ministries are currently developing Circulars and Technical Regulations to enforce sections of Decree 38.The roll-out of these Circulars and Regulations has been slow as MARD, MOH, and MOIT continue to identify ministry-specific responsibilities and products with shared jurisdiction.
Annex 18. Timeline of credit policies (1983 to present)
capi-tal from ADB for rural credit institutions and programs. inter-est at 0.85% is given priority for rural areas. institu-tions in cases of default, helping credit institutions to take (re-lated to large amount of loan), and acceptance of assets thatAnnex 19. Responsibilities of the public sector for food safety in Vietnam
Ministry Responsibilities
Ministry of Health (MOH)
General responsibilities: (i) Presiding over the development, promulgation and implementation of national strategies and master planning on food safety; (ii) Promulgating national technical regulations on criteria and safety limits in respect of products, tools and materials used for packaging and containing food. Responsibilities in sectoral management:
+ To manage food safety throughout the process of production, preliminary processing, processing, preservation, transportation, export, import and trading of food additives, food processing aids, bottled drinking water, natural mineral water, functional food and other foods under the Government’s regulations;
+ To manage food safety with regard to food-packaging tools and food packages and containers in the process of food production, processing and trading in its assigned management domain;
+ To inspect, examine, and handle violations of the law on food safety in the process of food production, export, import and trading in its assigned management domains.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
(MARD)
General responsibilities: Presiding over the formulation, promulgation of policies, master plan, and regulations on food safety within the sector.
Responsibilities in sectoral management: Management of food safety during production, collection, slaughtering, primarily processing, processing, preservation, transportation, export, import and trading of cereals, meat and meat products, aquaculture and aquatic products, vegetables, bulbs, fruits, eggs and egg products, fresh milk used as an input, bee’s honey, and honey products, genetically modified foods, salt, and agricultural foods in accordance with the provisions of the Government.
Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT)
General responsibilities: Presiding over the formulation, promulgation of policies, master plan, and regulations on food safety within the sector.
Responsibilities in sectoral management: Managing food safety during production, collection, slaughtering, primary processing, processing, preservation, transportation, export, import and trading of alcohol, beer, beverages, processed milk, vegetable oil, products used as materials for production of powder, starch, and other food in accordance with the provisions of the Government.
People’s Committees at all levels General responsibilities: To promulgate according to their competence or submit local legal documents and technical regulations to competent state agencies for promulgation; to formulate and implement master plans on safe food production zones and establishments so as to ensure management in the entire food supply chain.
Responsibilities in sectoral management:
+ To manage food safety assurance conditions for small-scale food production and trading establishments, street food, catering establishments, and food safety at local markets and subjects in their assigned management domain.
+ To organizethe work of information, education and communication to raise awareness about food safety, the sense of observing the law on food safety management, the sense of responsibility of food producers and traders toward the community and the awareness of consumers about food safety.
+ To inspect, examine and handle violations of the law on food safety in their respective localities.
Annex 20. Policy analysis matrix for pig production at the farm level (million tonnes liveweight pork), 2009
Indicator
Average North Region Central Region South Region
Smallholder
Revenue 28.77 31.78 26.79 32.68 28.59 31.03 31.15 32.11
Input Materials 21.47 22.68 17.52 21.93 23.67 21.44 23.45 23.49
Domestic resources 7.25 3.66 10.04 4.34 4.55 2.84 7.06 3.64
Profit 0.05 5.44 –0.77 6.42 0.37 6.75 0.64 4.98
Social value
Revenue 28.19 27.33 28.94 28.84 28.88 28.24 27.72 28.26
Input Materials 19.33 20.93 16.93 21.77 22.87 21.41 19.70 21.51
Domestic resources 6.10 3.34 8.55 4.29 3.90 2.80 5.78 3.47
Profit 2.76 3.05 3.46 2.38 2.11 4.03 2.24 3.28
Shift/Comparison
Revenue 0.58 4.45 (2.14) 4.25 (0.29) 2.79 3.43 3.85
Input Materials 2.14 1.75 0.59 0.17 0.80 0.02 3.75 1.98
Domestic resources 1.15 0.31 1.50 0.04 0.65 0.05 1.28 0.17
Profit –2.7 2.39 –4.23 4.04 –1.74 2.72 –1.60 1.70
% shift
Revenue –2.04 –16.28 7.41 –14.94 0.99 –9.89 –12.36 –13.64
Input Materials –11.08 –8.37 –3.48 –0.77 –3.50 –0.11 –19.03 –9.22
Domestic resources –18.77 –9.32 –17.52 –1.04 –16.80 –1.65 –22.14 –4.86
Profit 98.19 –78.14 122.11 –169.72 82.34 –67.56 71.46 –51.92
Source: Tung et al. (2010).
Annex 21. Unit cost per kg weight gain by production system and scale, 2007 (value in ‘000 VND)
Note: a: significant difference between small and medium scale; b: significant difference between small and large scale; c: significant difference between medium and large scale; x: significance at 10% level; xx: significance at 5% level; xxx: significance at 1% level where x is a,b,c.
Source: Lapar (et al. 2012).
Note: a: significant difference between small and medium scale; b: significant difference between small and large scale; c: significant difference between medium and large scale; x: significance at 10% level; xx: significance at 5% level; xxx: significance at 1% level where x is a,b,c.
Source: Lapar (et al. 2012).