2. DOCUMENTACION NECESARIA PARA LA PRESENTACION DE UNA SOLICITUD DE RNPA
2.1. SOLICITUD DE INSCRIPCIÓN DE PRODUCTOS IMPORTADOS
Real estate held for investment and for own use held in Switzerland is carried at the acquisition cost less required or
permissible impairment, and is valued on a single valuation basis. Compared to prior periods, the single valuation basis constitutes a change and reflects the changes in the Swiss Code of Obligations. Real estate held for investment and for own use held by branches located outside Switzerland is carried at the local statutory value valid in the country where the real estate is located, valued on a single valuation basis.
Investments in subsidiaries and associates are held at acquisition cost less necessary impairments. The method to
determine the necessary impairments is considering the similarity of the underlying investments in subsidiaries and associates such as the fungibility of capital or the pooling of reinsurance as well as the potential dependency with other investments in subsidiaries and associates. When managed as a sub-group, the book value of the sub-group is compared to its market value. When managed as an individual asset, the book value of the individual investments in subsidiaries and associates is compared to the market value on a single valuation basis. This constitutes a change compared to prior periods where investments in subsidiaries and associates were valued on a group valuation basis and reflects the changes in the Swiss Code of Obligations.
Debt securities are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. The valuation of debt securities
held in the single investor funds in Switzerland is the same as for directly held securities.
Mortgage and other loans are valued at their nominal value less any necessary impairments.
Equity securities which are quoted on a stock exchange are carried at the stock exchange price at the end of
December. Unquoted equity securities are carried at the acquisition cost with a deduction for necessary impairments. The valuation of equity securities held in the single investor funds in Switzerland is the same as for directly held securities.
Other investments consist of asset backed securities, which are valued at amortized cost using the effective interest
rate method.
Accrued assets
This amount relates primarily to interest income accruals, other prepaid expenses and other accrued income. Accrued investment income within the single investor funds in Switzerland is recorded as a write-up on investments.
Insurance reserves
Reserves for unearned premiums represent the portion of the premiums written relating to the unexpired term
of insurance coverage as of the balance sheet date. In many insurance contracts, the insurance period for which the insurance company assumes a risk against a premium paid does not correspond to the Company’s financial year. Thus, an amount equivalent to the unearned portion of the premium is set up as a reserve at the end of the financial year.
Reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses represent reserves for reported claims and reserves for losses
incurred but not yet reported (IBNR). In addition, equalization reserves are included where these are accepted by the regulator in the country where such reserves are held. The reserves represent estimates of future payments of reported and unreported claims for losses and related expenses with respect to insured events that have occurred. Reserving is a complex process dealing with uncertainty, requiring the use of informed estimates and judgments. Any changes in estimates are reflected in the income statements in the period in which estimates are changed.
Future life policyholders’ benefits represent the estimated future benefit liability for life insurance policies and
include the value of accumulated declared bonuses or dividends that have vested to policyholders. These liabilities relate to assumed reinsurance contracts. The liabilities are primarily measured using current financial and non-financial assumptions. Certain pension and annuity liabilities are calculated using a net level premium valuation method based on actuarial assumptions including mortality, expenses and investment return adjusted for a margin for adverse deviations.
Other income and administrative and other expense
Other income includes interest income on deposits received under ceded reinsurance contracts as well as other technical and other non-technical income. Administrative and other expense represent primarily technical expense in connection with the operation of the insurance business.
Investment income and expense
Realized capital gains/losses on investments occur when the sales price or redemption value is higher or lower
than the carrying value at the time of sale. The gain/loss is the difference between carrying value and the sales price.
Write-downs and write-ups on investments include losses arising from a decrease in the fair value below cost or
the carrying value at the previous year end on equity securities and necessary impairments of debt securities and investments in subsidiaries and associates. Write-ups of quoted equity securities are gains resulting from the difference between the lower book value at the beginning of the year or at the later purchase date and the higher book value as of the end of December. Write-ups also include gains as a result of the reversal of impairments on unquoted equity securities up to the acquisition cost value. Write-downs and write-ups further include the change in valuation of the single investor funds, which also include the investment income of the investments within these funds.
Other financial income and expense
Other financial income includes interest income on cash and cash equivalent as well as gains on derivatives. Other financial expenses includes losses on derivatives.
Direct tax expenses
Direct tax expenses include both Swiss and foreign income tax expense and capital tax expense in Switzerland as well as foreign withholding tax expense on investment income.