por la Secretaría Técnica del Consejo Consultivo
B. SOLICITUDES DE INFORMACIÓN CONTESTADAS EN EL PERIODOMayo
The following recommendations are suggested in order to show more statistically significant results for future researchers considering similar studies.
A larger sample size would provide more information and accuracy with regards to the general population.
Include a third group who would receive kinesio tape® only, to get a better understanding of the effects of each technique.
A study with an increased amount of treatments and readings to increase the amount of data to be analysed and therefore increase statistical relevance.
A study similar to this however using a different technique of kinesio taping to establish whether different taping techniques have the same or different results in the treatment of myofascial trigger points.
Further studies could assess the different effects of kinesio tape® to establish the mechanisms and how kinesio tape® works in more depth.
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100 APPENDIX A
DO YOU SUFFER FROM PAIN AND STIFFNESS IN
YOUR NECK AND TRAPESIUS MUSCLE?
415497-1768-32.jpg. Available from: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/trapezius-muscle-strain.html. Accessed on 02 April 2012
If you have pain and stiffness in your neck or muscle between your shoulder and neck then you qualify for chiropractic treatment at no charge as part of my research which will improve these symptoms and pain.
Supervised treatment is conducted at the UJ Health Clinic on the University of Johannesburg Doornfontein Campus
Contact Marco Maruggi
Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7 Ma rc o M ar ug g i 08 3 42 5 3 37 7
101 APPENDIX B
CONSENT FORM
DEPARTMENT OF CHIROPRACTIC INFORMATION AND CONSENT FORM
I, Marco Maruggi, hereby invite you to participate in my research study. I am currently a Chiropractic student, completing my Masters Degree at the University of Johannesburg. The aim of this research is to see the effects that Kinesio Tape® has on post dry needling soreness of trapezius trigger points, to determine whether there is an increase in the therapeutic effect of dry needling and an increased recovery time
A total of thirty participants between the ages of 18 to 50 years will be chosen for this study. Participants will be assessed for myofascial trigger points in their trapezius muscle. Those who meet the criteria will undergo a detailed history and cervical spine regional examination. Participants will then be split into two even groups, one group receiving dry needling of the trapezius muscle and the second group will undergo dry needling and Kinesio Tape® of the trapezius muscle. Each participant will be treated five times with measurements taken at the first, third and last treatment. Objective measurements will be taken using an algometer on the trapezius trigger point and a cervical range of motion (CROM) device. Subjective measurements will be collected using a Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index. The Chiropractic adjustment involves the restoration of normal joint motion. Abnormal joint motion will be detected by the researcher via motion palpation.
102 The Chiropractic adjustment is a safe, non-invasive treatment technique.
The research study will take place at the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic Day Clinic. Your privacy will be protected as only the doctor, patient (you) and clinician will be in the treatment room. Your anonymity will be ensured as your personal information will be converted into data and therefore cannot be traced back to you. Standard doctor/patient confidentiality will be adhered to at all times when compiling the research dissertation.
All procedures will be explained to you and all participation is entirely on a voluntary basis; withdrawal at any stage will not cause you any harm. Kinesio Tape® and dry needling have both been proven to be very beneficial in the treatment of trigger points, treating with Kinesio Tape® and dry needling can fully resolve a trigger point, reduce pain, increase range of motion and improve functionality of the muscle. Kinesio Tape® is a very safe technique but should be applied by someone who has been trained to use it. The tape can cause skin irritation if applied incorrectly or too tight, this will be avoided by using the correct technique taught to me during the full Kinesio Taping® courses. Dry needling is also a safe technique of treatment and I have had full training as a student on the technique and I am very confident with it. There are some risks to dry needling such as post needling soreness, haematoma (localized bleeding outside of the blood vessel(s) and pneumothorax (a collection of air/gas between the lung and the chest wall) The trapezius muscle lies over the upper part of the lung so pneumothorax will be prevented by angling the needle away from the lung over the top of the lung. After this study is complete, I will provide you feedback regarding the outcomes if you so wish.
I have fully explained the procedures and their purpose. I have asked whether or not any questions have arisen regarding the procedures and have answered them to the best of my ability.
103 Date: _______________________ Researcher: ________________________ I have been fully informed as to the procedures to be followed and have been given a description of the discomfort risks and benefits expected from the treatment. In signing this consent form I agree to this form of treatment and understand my rights and that I am free to withdraw my consent and participation in this study at any time. I understand that if I have any questions at any time, they will be answered.
Date: _______________________ Participant: _________________________ Should you have any concerns or queries regarding the current study, the following persons may be contacted.
Researcher: Marco Maruggi Telephone number: 0834253377
104 APPENDIX C
109 APPENDIX D
117 APPENDIX E
121 APPENDIX F
122 APPENDIX G
Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index (Vernon, H. ,2008). Name: _____________________________
File number: ________________________ Date: ______________________________
Neck Disability Index
This questionnaire has been designed to give us information as to how your neck pain has affected your ability to manage in everyday life. Please answer every section and mark in each section only the one box that applies to
you. We realise you may consider that two or more statements in any one section relate to you, but please just mark
the box that most closely describes your problem.
Section 1: Pain Intensity
o I have no pain at the moment o The pain is very mild at the moment o The pain is moderate at the moment o The pain is fairly severe at the moment o The pain is very severe at the moment
o The pain is the worst imaginable at the moment
Section 2: Personal Care (Washing, Dressing, etc.)
o I can look after myself normally without causing extra pain o I can look after myself normally but it causes extra pain o It is painful to look after myself and I am slow and careful o I need some help but can manage most of my personal care o I need help every day in most aspects of self care
o I do not get dressed, I wash with difficulty and stay in bed
Section 3: Lifting
o I can lift heavy weights without extra pain o I can lift heavy weights but it gives extra pain
123 conveniently placed, for example on a table
o Pain prevents me from lifting heavy weights but I can manage light to medium weights if they are conveniently positioned
o I can only lift very light weights o I cannot lift or carry anything
Section 4: Reading
o I can read as much as I want to with no pain in my neck o I can read as much as I want to with slight pain in my neck o I can read as much as I want with moderate pain in my neck o I can’t read as much as I want because of moderate pain in my neck o I can hardly read at all because of severe pain in my neck
o I cannot read at all
Section 5: Headaches
o I have no headaches at all
o I have slight headaches, which come infrequently o I have moderate headaches, which come infrequently o I have moderate headaches, which come frequently o I have severe headaches, which come frequently o I have headaches almost all the time
Section 6: Concentration
o I can concentrate fully when I want to with no difficulty o I can concentrate fully when I want to with slight difficulty o I have a fair degree of difficulty in concentrating when I want to o I have a lot of difficulty in concentrating when I want to o I have a great deal of difficulty in concentrating when I want to o I cannot concentrate at all
Section 7: Work
o I can do as much work as I want to o I can only do my usual work, but no more o I can do most of my usual work, but no more o I cannot do my usual work
124 o I can hardly do any work at all
o I can’t do any work at all
Section 8: Driving
o I can drive my car without any neck pain
o I can drive my car as long as I want with slight pain in my neck o I can drive my car as long as I want with moderate pain in my neck o I can’t drive my car as long as I want because of moderate pain in my neck o I can hardly drive at all because of severe pain in my neck
o I can’t drive my car at all
Section 9: Sleeping
o I have no trouble sleeping
o My sleep is slightly disturbed (less than 1 hr sleepless) o My sleep is mildly disturbed (1-2 hrs sleepless) o My sleep is moderately disturbed (2-3 hrs sleepless) o My sleep is greatly disturbed (3-5 hrs sleepless) o My sleep is completely disturbed (5-7 hrs sleepless)
Section 10: Recreation
o I am able to engage in all my recreation activities with no neck pain at all o I am able to engage in all my recreation activities, with some pain in my neck o I am able to engage in most, but not all of my usual recreation activities because of
pain in my neck
o I am able to engage in a few of my usual recreation activities because of pain in my neck
o I can hardly do any recreation activities because of pain in my neck o I can’t do any recreation activities at all