grade.
Lisičići, near Konjic, Hercegovina, Yugo~
slavia. A settlement o f the Adriatic (Hvar) civilization, vvhich is divided into three living horizons. Excavateđ 1952-54 by A. Benac. Museum: Zemaljski Muzej, Sara jevo. Publ. A. Benac Neolitsko naselje u Lisičićima kod Konjica 1958.
L o ve ts, near Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. East Balkan civilization o f the Chalcolithic period (Karanovo Vl-Gumelni^a typc). Museum: Stara Zagora.
L u k a -V ru b le v e tsk a y a , located in the upper Dnicster Vallcy. district o f Kamenec- Podolski, Ukraine, U .SSR . Early Cucuteni (’Tripoive A ’) settlement. Exeavated 1946- 50 by $. N . Bibikov, Museum: Moscovv. inst. Arch. Publ. Bibikov 1953-
M atera, Basilicata, ltaly. Several Neolithic sites o f the Adriatic civilization, Matera- Capri complexes. contemporaneous vvith the Sesklo and Dim im groups o f Greece. Excavated 1912 bv D. Ridola. Museum: Matera. Publ. D. RidoJa La Grotla dei Pipi stre! I i e la Grotta Funeraria in Matera 1912.
M ed ved n jak . at Staro Selo, near Sine- derevska Palanka, central Yugoslavia. Large settlement ofthe classical Vinča civilization. Excavated 1968-70 by R . Galović spon- sored bv the Smederevska Palanka Mu-
seum- Unpublished.
C l 4 date for carbonizcd grain sample: 6100 ± 100 B P (LJ 2521), true age c. 5000 b c.
M egara H yb la ea, Syracusc, Sicily. Neoli thic settlement o f the Adriatic Impresso cuiture, Stentinello group. The site vvas surrounded by a defensive diteh. Excavated 19 17 by P. O rsi; 1950 by F. Villard. Mu seum: Museo di Siracusa. Publ. P. Orsi Monumenta Anticjua 27 (19 2 1); Vallet and Villard B o li Aete 45 #3 (1960).
M o h cin icc. Za'br«?h, Šumperk. Moravia, C*cehoslovakia. Linegr Pottery settlement follovvcd. by a Lcngyel settlement. ftecar vated 1953 *>>' Tichy. Museum: Brno. Publ- Tiehy Arch■ Rozhl. 8 (1956); Sbornik Afch- Vst. Brno 1 (1960); 2 -3 ; Preliled Vyzkuwm Brno 1960; 1962: Pam. Arch. 49 (»95«); 53 (1962).
M o lfetta, Bari, Puglia, Icaly. Impresso settlement. Fifty burialsexca vated. Graphite and painted ware similar to the Serra d ’Alto complex vvere found. Excavated 1908-10 by A. Mosso and M. Gervasio. Museum: Museo Archeologico di Bari and Seminario di Molfetta. Publ. Mayer Le Stazi on i preistoriche di Molfetta 1904: Messo M .A .L.
X X (1910).
M u ld a v a , central Bulgaria. Teli site vvith a rich layer o f the Neolithic East Balkan (Karanovo I typc) civilization. Excavated and publ. by Detev. Godishnik VI (1968). Museum: Plovdiv.
M u rgecch ia, Matera, Basilicata, Italy. Neolithic settlement o f the Adriatic Matera cuiture. Site surrounded by two concentric ditches. Excavatcd 1K98 by D. Ridola. Museum: Matera. Publ. Ridola BPI 44 (1924): 45 (»925).
M u rg ia T im o n c , Matera. Basilicata, ltaly. Adriatic civilization, Matera complex. Mu seum: Matera. Excavated 1897 by D. Ridola and G. Patroni. Publ. Ridola BPI 44 (1924).
N ea M ak ri, Marathon, Attica, Greece. Settlement consisting o f Early Neolithic (Proto-Sesklo) and Late Neolithic layers. Both contain rectangular houses vvith stone
foundations. Aegean civilization. Exca- vated 1954 bv D. R . Theocharis. Museum: Volos. Publ. Theocharis Athen. Miti. 71 (1956).
N e a N ik o m e d e ia , near Verroia, Mace donia, Grccce. Early Neolithic (Proto- Sesklo) o f tvvo levels and Late Neolithic settlements. Excavatcd 19 61-6 3 by R . J. Rodden. Museum: Verroia. Publ. Rodden P P S 28 (1962); Scientific American (1965, April).
C 14 dates for the first Early Neolithic building horizon: 8180 i 150 BP. true age c. 7200 BC (Q 655); 77^0 ± 270 13P, true age c. 6800 b c (G X 679)- Following hori- zon: 7 557 i 9 ‘ ftP> true age c. fifioo b c (P IZ02); 7281 i 74 BP, true age c. 6300 b c (P 120 3A).
N c b c , near Travnik. Bosnia, Vugoslavia. A Butmir settlement. Ceramics are Classical and Late Butmir in styie. Excavated 194S- 49by A. Benac. Museum: Zemaljski Muzej, Sarajevo. Publ. Benac Prehistorijsko naselje Nebo i Problem Butmirske Kulture 1952'; Glasnik Sarajevo Arh. N F 8 (1953). N itra , Slovakia, Czechoslovakia. Within the city the following sites vvere e.veavated: an early Linear Pottery site vvith 77 graves located on the left bank o f the R iv er N itra; a Lengyel site vvith houses o f the Ludanice tvpe. Excavated by J. Lichardus and J. Vladar. Publ. Vladar Slov Arch, 18-2 (1970).
N itrian sk y H rad o k . N ove Za#mky, Slo vakia, Czechoslovakia. Settlement o f the Lcngvel cuiture. Middle Danube civiliza tion. Excavated 1957-59 bv A. Točik. Museum: Nitra. Publ. Točik Referaty Lib ila’ 13 (1959) i Lichardus. Pam. Arch. 57 (1966).
N osa. at Subotica, northern Yugoslavia. Neolithic Starčevo (Koros) settlement vvith remains o f rectangular houses. Excavated >967-58 by D. Garašanin and L. Szekeres. Museum: Subotica. Publ. D. Garašanin Berichte Rom. - Germ. Kom. 39 (1958). N o v y e R u sesh ty I, near Kishenev, M oi davia, U S S R . Classical Cucuteni settle ment. Excavated by V. 1. Markevich in the sixties. Museum: Kishenev. Publ. Marke vich 1970.
O bre I, near Kakanj, Bosnia, YugosIavia. Settlement consists o f four habitation hori zons, the earliest representing Starčevo complex vvith geometrically painted black- on-rcd ware. The upper three beiong to an end phase o f the same Central Balkan Neolithic culture, locally called ‘ Kakanj’ , Excavated 1968 bv A. Benac and M. Gimbutas. M useum: Zemaljski Muzej, Sarajevo and Cultural History Museum, U G L A . Los Angcles. Publ. Marija Gim butas Archaeology, 23, 4 (1970).
C 14 dates for the lovvest horizons (Phase A ): 7240 4; 60 BP, true age c. 6250 BC (U C L A 1605 I): 6795 + 150 BP, true age c. 5780 b c (Bln Lab. 636); 6710 ± 60 BP, true age c. 5750 bc (U C L A (605G).
Middle phase (Phase B ) : 6430 ± 60 BP, true age c. 5450 BC (U C L A 1605F).
Upper horizons (Phase C ): 6230 ± 80 BP (Bln 659), true age c. 5150 b c ; 6150 ;j_- 70 BP, true age c. SO60 b c (U C L A 1605H).
O bre II, near Kakanj, Bosnia, Yugoslavia. Most important site o f the Butm ir culture. Nine habitation horizons have been estab- lished and three developmental phases. Excavated 1967-68 bv A. Benac and M. Gimbutas. Museum: Zemaljski Muzej. Sarajevo. Publ. M. Gimbutas Archacolo$y 23-24 (1970); A. Benac Obre //, Neolitsko naselje butmirske grupe na Gornjem Polju (Sarajevo 197 0 -
C 14 dates for the lovvest lavor (Butmir 1): 6175 : 80 BP. true age c. 5100 bc (Bln 639): 6075. : >00 BP. true age c. 5000 b c (Bln 792); 6 110 ;; 60 BP, true age c. 5000 b c (GrN 5683); 60io : 60 B P . true age 4950 b c (GrN 5684): 5925 : 80 BP, true age 4850 b c (Bln 657).
Middle lavor (Butmir H): 5875 ■ 60 BP, true age c. 4840 b c (U C L A 160.sC).
Upper laver (Butmir II): 5740 t. 80 BP, true age c. 4550 BC (U C L A 1605B). Other dates shovv the same period.
O tzak i. near Larisa. Thessalv. Greece. Large teli site vvith four main cultural l.jvers beginning vvith Proto-Scsklo. follovved bv Pre-Sesklo. Classical Sesklo, and Late Neo- lithic. Excavated 19 5 3 -SS bv V. Milojćic. Museum: Larisa. Publ. Milojćic Auli. Anzeiger 1954. !955- >959: Jb . Romisih- (ierm. Zentral Aluseuni 1959.
O v c h a ro v o near Trgovište, northeastern Bulgaria, a Neolithic Starčcvo-Criij site vvith semi-subterranean dvvcllings and a Chalcolithic-coppcr age teli with thirteen habitation levels, cxcavated by H. Todorova 19 7 1-7 2 . The later parallels Karanovo IV -V I. Extraordinary discoverics vvere made in Karanovo VI levels. Level 9 yieldeda cultic scene o f 26 miniature cult objeets including four figurines vvith upraised arms and decorated vvith meanders and parallel lines, three temple fa^ades or altar screens, ninc ehairs, three miniature tables, three vessels vvith lids, tvvo large dishes, and three drums suggesting the ritual u seof music. The group vvas in association vvith a shrine model including an altar and oven. Quantities o f schematic figurines, other shrine models, anthropomorphic vases, graphite-painted pottcry, and ceramic vvorkshops čame to light. Finds in Trgovište museum. Publ. Todorova 1976.
Padina, Iron Gate Gorge, northern Yugo- slavia. Central Balkan Neolithic settlement, Danubian regional group vvith Starčevo elementi. Related to Lepenski Vir. Exca- vated 1968-71 by B .Jo v an o v ić, sponsored by the Belgrade Arch. Institute. Publ. jovan ović A rit. Pregl. 10 (1968); Stare Kulture u Djerdapi 1 (1969): Arch. Ittgoslavica 9 ( 1971).
Par$a, south o f Timisoare, vvestern R om a nia. Early Vinča settlement. Museum: Timo$oara.
P aza rd ž ik (Junacite), Central Bulgaria. Teli site o f the Chalcolithic East Balkan civilization. follovved bv a Bronze Age layer. Excavatcd 1939 by V. M ikov. Mu- seum: Plovdiv.
P erieni. near Birlad. northern Moldavia. Romania. Neolithic settlement o f the Central Balkan Starčevo (*Cri$') tvpe. follovved bv a layer o fth e Linear Potterv culture o f ‘ Music N ote’ tvpe. E.vcavated 1949 and 1955 bv M. Petrescu-Dimbovi^a. M useum : Ia$i, Moldavia. Publ. Petrescu- Dimbovi^a 1957; Acta Arch. Acad. Sc. Ilung. 9 (1958).
P ianul de Jo s. near Sibiu. Hunedoara. Rom ania. Settlement o f the Chalcolithic
250
pctrc$ti group. Excavatcd 1963 by luliu Paul. Museum: Sibiu. Publ. Paul 1965.
P ie tre le, near Bucharest, Rom ania. East Balkan Chalcolithic settlement vvith re mains o f Late Boian and five phases o f Gumclni^a comp!excs. Excavatcd 1943-48 by D. Berciu. Museum: N A M , Bucharest. Publ. D. Berciu Mat. Cere. Arh. 2 (1956).
P lo č n ik , Southern Yugoslavia at Prokuplje. Large Late Vinča site vvith c. 3 m. o f cultural deposits. Excavatcd 1927 by M. Grbić; 1968-70 by B. Stalio. Museum: NM Belgrade. Publ. Grbić 1929.
P o ro d in , near Bitola, Southern Y ugoslavia. Central Balkan Neolithic settlement. Star čevo complex, Macedonian variant. Exca- vated 1 9 5 3 - 5 4 by M. G rbićctal. Publ. Grbić 1960.
C 14 dates: 7 110 i 4 70 BP. true age c. 6150 b c (H 1486/987).
P re d io n ica, in PriStina. Southern Yugo~ slavia. Vinča site o f several periods. Earlv and Late, the latter half o f the tvvo phases. Excavated 1955-56 bv R . Galović. Mu seum: Priština. Publ. Galović 1959.
C i4 dates for Early Vinča: 6279 : 80 BP, true ager. 5300 b c. (Bln 435). P yraso s, located at Nea Anchialos near Volos, Thessalv. Greece. Stratified teli site vvith the follovving succession o f Thessalian Neolithic: Proto-Sesklo, Sesklo, Arapi- Dimini, Larissa and Rakhmani. Exeavated 1956 bv 1). R . Theocharis. Publ. Theo charis Thessalika 2 (1959).
R a d in g ra đ near Razgrad, northeastern Bulgaria, a teli vvith several phases, parallel to Karanovo IV, V , excavated by Totju Ivanov in 1974-78. Unpublished. The most remark able discovery vvas a tvvo-storey temple. Its first floor had a ceramic vvorkshop vvith a large oven and tools for potterv making and decoration. the second floor comprised the temple proper vvith a clay altar 75 cm. high. vertical loom . figurines. and temple models.
R ip o li. Corropoli, Terano. Abruzzi e Molise. Italv. Eponvmous settlement and cemeterv site o fth e Adriatic R ipoli cotu- plex. Excavated 1910 bv A. Mosso: 1913- 1915 by l. PairO sso and 1961 bv A. M.
Radm illi. Publ. Rellini La piu antica cera- ntica dipinta in Italia 1934; Radm illi R S P
16, (19 6 1); 17 (1962).
R o s k e -L u đ v a r, south o f Szeged, Southern
H ungary. Central Balkan Starčevo (Koros) Neolithic settlement. Excavated 1965 by O. Trogm ayer. Museum: Szeged.
R u d n ik K o so v sk i, near Prizrcn, Southern
YugosIavia. Central Balkan Neolithic Starčevo settlement. Excavatcd 1966-69 by J . GliSić. Museum: Priština.
R u g B a ir, near Sv. Nikole, eastern Mace donia, southeastem Yugoslavia. Central Balkan Neolithic Starčevo and Early Vinča stratified site. Excavated 1970 by American (U C L A ) and Yugoslav (Naroden Muzej, Štip) teams (M. Gimbutas and V. Sancv). Museum: Štip.
R u g in o a sa , district o f Ia$i, Moldavia, northeastern Rom ania. Settlement o f the C'lassical Cucuteni (Cucuteni A) culture. Museum: N A M , Bucharest. Publ. H. Dumitrescu Dacia III—IV (1927-32). R u se, northern Bulgaria. East Balkan civilization, Chalcolithic site. (Karanovo VI-Gum elni;a period). Excavated 1950-53 by G. I. Georgiev and N . Angelov. Museum: Ruse. Publ. Gcorgiev-Angelov Ruse.
S a b atin o v k a II, Proto-Cucuteni (Early Tripolye) settlement near Uljanov, district ofK irovograd , vvestern Ukraine. Excavated 1947-49 by M. L. Makarevich. Museum: Odessa. Publ. bv Makarevich in Arkheol. Pa inja ik i Ukrainskoj R S R , vol. IV (1952) and Makarevich 1960b.
Salcu^a. near Craiova. southvvestern R o mania. Tvpe site o f the Salcu^a variant o f the East Balkan civilization vvith seven phases o f development. Follovvs the Central Balkan Neolithic Starčevo (‘ C riO civiliza tion. Excavated 19 16 -20 bv I. Andriesescu: 1947 bv H. Dumitrescu: 1951 by D. Berciu. M useum: N A M . Bucharest. Publ. Berciu
1961.
Sarvaš. near Osijek, northern YugosIavia. Lovvest horizons o f this stratified S’te in- cluded a Central Balkan Starčevo laver. follovved bv the Lengyel and then Baden and Vučedol cultures. Excavated 1942-43
bv R . R . Schmidt. M useum: Osijek and Arheol. Muzej. Zagreb. Publ. Schmidt I 'učeJol (i94$)-
Sca lo ria (see also Grotta Scaloria), a cave site at Manfredonia. south ofGargano, southeas tern ltaly, exćftvafed by Marija Gimbutas and Shan Winn 1978-80. The upper cave viddčđ habitation remains and 140 burials. most o f vvhich wcrc probably sacrificial; in the lovvcr cave with stalagmites and stalac- tjtes, a sacred Wćll, and quantities o f vases vvere found. Total o f c. 1500 symbolically decorated vases, inscribed bone and clay artifacts. and very rich flint industry vvas uncovcred from the main period o f the cave, c. 5600 - 5300 b c, based on six radiocarbon da tes; (LJ-498o) 6800 + 160; (LJ -4649) 6720 + too B .P .; (LJ-4981) 6620 ± 3 8 0 B .P .; (LJ-4650) 6490 ± 140 B .P .; (LJ-4651) 6.130 + 90 B .P .; (LJ-4983) 6 0 5 0 + 13 0 B.P. The report due to appear in Monumenta Archaeologica, Institute o f A rehaeology, U n iversityof California, Los Angeles, 1984. On water cultin the Iower cave .«<*<'Tine 1972. Finds are in the archaeological museum o f Manfrcdonia and Foggia.
S e lev ac. 15 km. vvest o f Smederevska Pajanka, centra! YugosIavia. Settlement o f early classical Vinča tvpe. Exeavated 1969- 70 by K. Galovićand K. Milosevićand 111 '70S by R. Tringham . Museum: Smederevska Palanka.
Scrra d ’ A lto , Matera. Basilicata, ltaly. Settlement and cemeterv site ofthe Adriatic M atera-Capri cuiture and tvpe site o f the Serra d ’ Alto complex. Site surrounded bv a defensive diteh. Graves vvere excavated otitside the settlement. Excavated 1919 bv D. Ridola and U. Rellini. M useum: Museo di Matera. Publ. M aver Molfetta mul Matera 1924; Rellini Not. Se, so (1925).
Sesk lo . near Volos. Thessalv. Greece. Eponvmous site o f the Sesklo cuiture. represented by the middle laver. Preeeded by the Pre-potterv. Earliest Potterv and Proto-Sesklo and foIUnved bv Dimini and Post-Dimini complcxes. F.nc.i vated 19 0 1-2 by Ch. Tsountas; 1957 bv D. R . Theocharis. Museum: Volos. Publ. Tsountas 190 8; Theocharis Praktika 32 (1957) : Ihessalika 1 (195K).
C 14 dates for Pre-pottery period: 775, i 97 BP (P-1681). true age c. middle ofthe seventh millennium BC.
Early Potterv period: 7 6 11 + 8 3 (p_ 1679), 7427 it: 7« ( P - i M ) . 7300 ± 93 (p„ sriHo). true age o f ali three dates is wich$n the second half o f seventh millennium ac.
Classical Sesklo: 6964 i- 92 (P-1674), 6?4* :i: 103 (P -1677), 6694 ± 87 (P-1675), true age vvithin the first half o f
seventh
millennium uc. Late Classical 6504 ± (P-1672), true age c. middle o f sixth millennium bc.Dimini Period: 5622 4 80 (P-1671), true age c. middle o f fifth millennium b c.
S ip in tsi (Schipenitz), northvvest o f Cher- novitsi. on the bank o f the R iver Prut, vvestern Ukraine (Bukovina), U S S R . Late Cucuteni settlement, Publ. Kandvba Schi- p enitz J947- Vienna, Naturhistorisches Museum.
S ita g ro i. Plain o f Drama, northeastern Greece. Large rell o f the East Balkan civilization \vith 12 m. o f cultural debris. Five periods. I-V . I and 11. Late Neolithic svnchronous vvith Karanovo III and IV; III, Chalcolithic svnchronous \vith Kara- novo VI. foIUnved bv periods IV and V o f rhe Earlv Bronze Age Balkan-Danubian cuiture. Excavated 1968-69 bv A. C. Ren- frew and M. Gimbutas. Publ. Colin Ren- frcvv Prm'. Prdi. Soc. 36 (1970).
C i 4 dates for Phase I: 6625 : 170 BP. true age c. 5650 b c, (Bln 779}; 6425 100 BP. true age c. 5450 BC (Bln 778).
Phase II: 5920 ; 120 BP, true age c. 4S50 b c (Bln 777); 5720 : 100 BP, true age c. 4550 b c (Bln 776); 6240 ; 100 BP, true age (. 5300 b c (Bln 884): 5904 l 66 BP. true age c. 4850 i h: (BM 649).
Phase III: 5795 ; too BP, true age c. 4650 b c (Bln 882): 5555 : 100 BP, true age 1. 4400 BC (Bln 88 i); 5545 : 100 BP. true age <\ 4400 b c (Bln 883); 5100 : ioo BP. true age r. 4200-3800 i h: (Bln 774)- S m ilč ić . near Zadar, Dalmatia. Yugo- slavia. Contains an earlv level o f the Adria tic Impresso cuiture overlaid bv a horizon ofthe Danilo compleN. Excavated 1957-59• 1962 bv Š. Batović. Museum: Zadar. Publ. Batovic Diatlora 2 (19 6 0 -6 1): 1966.
Souphli- at Larisa. Thessalv. Greece. Stratiti^ teli ineluding Pre-ceramic, Proto-
Sesklo. Sesklo, and Late Neolithic Post- piniini phases. Excavated 1956 bv D. R . -j'heocharis. M useum: Larisa Publ, Thco- chafis Tltt'.'salika > (19$#).
S t a r a ja B u d a . upper Siniukha Valley, vvestern Ukraine. Late Cucuteni settlement. .publ. Passek Ceraniique tripolienne 1935. Starčevo , near Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Epo- nymous site ofthe Neolithic Central Balkan Starčevo cuiture. Excavatcd 1930 by M. Grbić; 19 3 1-3 2 by V. Fevvkes, H. Goldman and R . W . Ehrich. Museum: N M Belgrade. Publ. V. Fevvkes Buli. Am. School Preli. Research 9 (1936): D. Arandjelovič-Garaša- nin, Starčeratka Kultura (1954).
S t e n tin e llo , Syracu.se. Sicilv. Eponvmous site o f the Stentinello group. Defended by a ditch and stone vvall. Exeavated 1890, 1912, 1920 bv P. O rsi; 1961 by S, Tine. Museum : Museodi Siracusa. Publ. Orsi BP I 16 ( 1 S90); 36 (19 10 ); Tine Arch. Stor. Siracusano 7 (1961).
Strelice, JeviSovice, Zn ojm o. Southern
Moravia. Czechoslovakia. Contains several sites o f the Chalcolithic Strelice group o f the Lcngvel cuiture. Escavated bv Palliardi and J. Vildomec at the end o f the nine- tecnth-earlv tvventieth centurv. Museum: BoskovStcjn near Znojm o and Brno. Publ. J. Palliardi M P C . I (Vienna 1897): U 'P Z I (19 14): Vildomec ()P 7/8 (Prague. 1928/ 29); 12 (Prague. 1940): Neustupnv A R 3 (»95 0 -
Su lica. near Stara Zagora, Central Bul garia. Chalcolithic site, Karanovo VI period o f the East Balkan civilization. Museum: Stara Zagora. Publ. Gaul Neolithic Bulgaria.
Su ltan a, located on the shore o f Lake Mosti$tca. district ot Oltcni(.\. S o u th e rn Rom ania. Belongs to the East Balkan civilization, Museum: Olteni^a. Publ. Marinescu-Btlcu Dacia XI (1967).
S z e g v a r -T iiz k d v c s . at Szcntes. south eastern Hungarv. Settlement and cemeterv ofth e Tisza cuiture. Excavatcd 1956-57 bv j. Czajog. Museum: Szcntes. Publ. Czalog Szegiuir- 7 V/c kores.
T a n g iru , near Giurgiu, lovvcr Danube, Rom ania. Stratified teli vvith tvvelve levels o f Boian and nine o f the Gumelni^a periods o fth e East Balkan civilization. Excavated 19 33 -3 5 ; 1956; 1957 by D. Berciu. Publ. Bere i u 1961.
T ecić, near Kragujcvae, ccntral Y ugoslavia. Central Balkan Neolithic Starčevo settle ment and tvvo burials. Excavated 1960 by R . Galović. Museum: N M Belgrade. Publ. Galović 1964.
T irp e$ti, district o f T g. Neam(, region o f Bacau, northeastern Rom ania. An Earlv Cucuteni (*Pre-Cucuteni UP) settlement. Excavated by V. Dumitrcscu a n d j. Mari li escu-BUcu in the earlv $ixties. Museum: N A M , Bucharest and Bacau.
T isz a p o lg a r-B a sa ta n y a at the villagc o f Polga'r near Tiszalok, southeastern Hun- gary. Eponytnous ccmetery site o f the Chalcolithic period (or Early and Middle Copper Age o f the Carpathian Basin). 166 graves exeavated. E.veavated 1929 by F. Tompa and 1946 by I. Bogna'r-Kutzian. Museum: N M Budapest. Publ. I. Bogna'r- Kutzia'n 1963. In the same area. tclls vvith Neolithic-Chalcolithic remains are knovvn: Tiszapolgar - Csoszhalom. Tiszapolgar- Folyra's-Szilmeg and others.
C 14 dates: 6940 : 100 BP. true age c. 4700 b c(Bln 5 13): 5845 : 60 BP. true age <\ 4700 b c (GrN 1934): 5 7 7 5 :. 100 BP, true age c. 4700-4600 b c. (Bln 512). Later level: 5575 : 100 BP. true age <\ 4400 i h:
(Bln 509).
T raian . northern M oidavia, northeastern Romania. The site o f several Neolithic Ncttlcmcnts: 1. Dcalul Fintinilor ineluding Linear Potterv. Earlv and Classical (Cucu- teni A -B ) remains and 2, Dcalul Viei vvith a single laver belonging to the Earlv Cucu teni (‘Pre-Cucuteni I’) civilization. Exea- vatcd 1 9 5 1 - 5 9 by H. Dumitrcscu. Museum: N A M . Bucharest. Publ. H. Dumitrcscu . s c / r i u (1 95 2 ); i v (1 9 5 3 ) ; v (1 95 4 ); v i (t<;
55
); Mm. ('ere. Arh. III (1957) and V (1^59); H . and V. Dumitrcscu Mat. Cere. Arh. VI (1959).T r ip o Iy e , near K iev, vvestern Ukraine. Classical Cucuteni settlement and name used for the Cucuteni civilization in Soviet Moldavia and western Ukraine. Excavated 1899 hy V. V. Khvojka (Chvojka). M u seum: Kiev. Publ. Khvojka Trud)’ X I Arkh. sjezda, Kiev 1901.
Tru$e§ti, near Botošani, northern M ol davia, Rom ania. Large habitation site in . vvhich 98 houses vvere uncovered, most o f vvhich belonged to the Classical Cucuteni (Cucuteni A) period. Excavated 19 5 1-5 9 ; 1961 by M . Petrescu-Dimbovi^a. Museum: la§i. Publ. Petrescu-Dimbovi^a Tru$e$ti.
T sa n g li, Thessaly, Greece. Neolithic settle ment o f the Sesklo culture. The uppermost layer associated with the Early Helladic Bronze Age. Excavatcd 1905 bv Ch. Tsountas; 1910 by A. J . B . Wace and M . S. Thompson. M useum: Athens. Publ. Wace and Thompson 19 12.
T san i, Thessaly, Greece. Stratified Neoli thic teli including remains o f JPre-Sesklo (red monoehrome pottery), classical Sesklo, Dimini and Late Neolithic characterized bv a coarse grey vvare and Urfirnis \vare. Excavated 1909 by A. J. B. Wacc and M. S. Thompson. Museum: Athens. Publ. Wace and Thompson 1912.
T u r d a f (Tordoš), La Lunea locality on the bank o f the R iver Murc$, Transylvania, region o f Huneodara, Rom ania. Early Vinča settlement. Unsystematicexcavation. end o f the nineteenth century. Museum: Institute o f History, C luj. Publ. Roska, Tor ma CoUection 1941.
Vadastra, near Corabia, Oltenia, south- vvestern Rom ania. Eponymous site o f the VSdastra variant o f the East Balkan civiliza tion; contcmporary vvith Boian. Preceded by a late middle Aurignacian Palaeolithic layer; overlain by a laycr o f the Salcuta complex. Excavated 1926 by Vasile Chris- tescu; 1934 bv 1). Berciu: 1946-62 bv C. Matecscu. M useum: N A M , Bucharest. Publ. Christescu Dacia III-IV (1927-33): Mateescu S C I V 6 (1955); Cere. Arh. 5-6 (1959): Arch. Rozhl. 14 (1962).
V alač, near Kosovska Mitrovica, Southern Yugoslavia, Late Vinča settlement vvith
cultural stratum 0.90-1.20 m. thick. Exca- vated 1957 by N. Tasić and J. Glišič. Mu seum: Kosovska Mitrovica. Publ. Tasić
1959; 1 (X> * •
C 14 dates: 5895 ± 80 BP, true age c. 4850 b c (Bln 436). Corresponds to 4 m. depth at the Vinča site.
V alea L u p u lu i, district oflaši, northeastern Rom ania. Large Late Cucuteni (Cucuteni B) settlement on the terrace o f River Bahlui, Excavated 1953-57 by M . Pctrescu- Dimbovi^a and M. Dinu. Museum: Ia$i. Publ. Petrescu-Dimbovi^a S C I V V (1954); Dinu Marin Matcriale Cere. Arh. 3 (1957); 5. G ( i 959)-
Varna, a Copper A ge cemetery o f c. 4500 bc (Karanovo VI period) near the tovvn o f Varna on the Black Sca coast in Bulgaria. Diseovered in 1972 and excavated in 1973-77 by Ivan Ivanov, the cemctery is particularlv noted for quantitics o f gold and copper artifacts, marble rhytons, gold- painted vases, and life-size funerary clay masks with gold attributes. Finds in the Varna archaeological museum. Publ. by Gimbutas 1977 a and b and Ivanov 1978. V a rv a ro v k a , near Kishenev. Soviet Mol davia. Late Cucuteni (Tripolve) settlement. Excavated 1967 by V. I. Makarevich, M useum: Kishenev.
V ese lin o v o . district o f Jam bol, eastern Bulgaria. Teli o f the Late Neolithic, Kara novo III period, East Balkan civilization. Excavateđ bv V. M ikov. Publ. Mikov Izi'cstija 13 (1939).
V id ra, near Giurgiu. southeast o f Bucharest, Rom ania. Settlement o f the East Balkan civilization particularlv noted for its figur ine and plastic art. Lovvest level belongs to the Boian-Giulc$ti phase and is follovved by the Boian-Vidra. then the Gumelnifa layer. £xcavated 19 31-3 3 and 1958 by V. Rosctti. Museum: Bucharest C ity. Publ. V. Rosetti Sdpaturilc dc la l ’idra 1934: Publ. Muz. Municip. Ihieurcsti t-2 (1935-36); IP B K 12 (1938): Mar. Cere. Arh. 7 (1961).
V in ča. 1 4 km. southeast o f Belgrade 011 the Danube, localitv o f Belo Brdo. Yugoslavia. Mound 10.5 m, deep. The t\vo earliest settlements (belovv X 111.) belong to the
1 .U
Central Balkan Neolithic Starčevo culture, above vvhich were 7 111. o f deposits charac- teristic o f the Vinča civilization. The Vinča civilization has been subdivided into four
co n sec u tive phases. Excavated 1908-12, 1924, 1928-32 bv M . Vasić. M useum: BU and N M Belgrade. P u b l. M. Vasić Pre- istoriska Vinca I-IV (193 2-36).
C 14 dates for Early and M id-Vinča: 6190 ± B P , true ager. 5100 b c (G rN 1546); 5845 ± 160 B P, true age c. 4800 n e (GrN
1537)-
V la d im iro v k a , Southern Bug Valley, western Ukraine. Classical Cucuteni (Tri- polye B) settlement vvith about 200 houses. Excavatcd 1927-28 by B. Bezvenglinski; 1940 by T . S. Passek. Publ. Passek Cćra- ntique Tri po licu ne 19 35; Passek 1949; E. K. Chernysh K S II M K 40 (19 51).
V rsnik, north. o f Štip, Macedonia, south- castern Yugoslavia. Central Balkan Neolithic stratified site o f four main de- velopmental phases, parallel to Anza I—IV. Begins vvith the earliest Starčevo (or Anza I) and ends vvith Early Vinča. Excavated