Teoría relacionada con las estrategias didácticas

“it is a remarkable achievement to have kept the reader’s sympathy throughout a snob’s progress”- Humphry House ‘The Dickens World’-Oxford University Press 1961 page 155

“Dickens’s people are nearly all flat”- E.M. Forster ‘Aspects of the novel’, Edward Arnold, London 1927

Glossary

Real places referred to

The hill, wetlands on the banks of the River Thames estuary in Kent near to Pip's boyhood home.

The Hulks, prison ships anchored off the marshes holding prisoners who are to be transported to Australia as punishment.

Little Britain, old London neighbourhood of narrow streets and location of Mr. Jaggers's offices.

Barnard's Inn: one of the Inns of Chancery, referred to in the text as "the dingiest collection of shabby buildings ever squeezed together in a rank corner as a club for tom cats", attached to Gray's Inn where Dickens had worked as a clerk.

Newgate Prison, ancient prison near Mr. Jaggers's office, where criminals are imprisoned and executed. Also a location where debtors, such as Dickens' father, were imprisoned, though Dickens' father himself was imprisoned in the Marshalsea.

The Temple, location of houses where Pip and Herbert live after they leave Barnard's Inn, andwhere Pip meets his benefactor. According to the text, "Our chambers were in Garden-court, down by the river." Garden Court still exists, nearby Temple tube station.

St. James church in the opening scenes, on the Isle of Grain, to the north of Rochester.

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Fictional places in Kent

The Forge, the workplace and home of Pip and his family, in Grain, to the North of Rochester. In the forge itself his substitute father Joe Gargery works as a master blacksmith. Pip later works there as his apprentice.

Satis House, as in Latin satis meaning "enough". Also known as Manor House, Miss Havisham's ruined mansion where she lives with her adopted daughter Estella, and where Pip serves for months as her periodic companion. The house is based on a real manor house off Rochester High Street, later owned by Rod Hull.

The Three Jolly Bargemen, the public house and general meeting place of Pip's home town.

The Blue Boar, inn/hotel in Kent, Pip stays here rather than staying with Joe and Biddy when he visits his home town. The descriptions match the Bull Inn on Rochester High St. There is also a Blue Boar Lane in the area.

Finches of the Groves, the expensive club where Pip and Herbert senselessly spent their money. People have conversations there with overly expensive meals.

Fictional places

The Castle, Wemmick's fanciful home, where he lives with his father and receives Pip, located in Walworth

Reference.

Penguin Easy Reading- Critical review

www.penguinreaders.com/

litplans.com/authors/Charles_Dickens.html

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Expectations

www.online-literature.com/dickens/greatexpectations/

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3.1

Introduction to the Short Story

3.1.1 Development

The term short story usually refers to the modern short story, which evolved out of earlier types of fiction in prose and verse. It is a genre of literature developed as a literary form of fiction in the West in the 19th and 20th centuries. The earliest ancestors of short stories are ancient tales, simple stories that date back to Egyptian writings that are 6,000 years old. However, there are clear distinctions that can be made between short tales and the modern short story, though some of the elements of short stories can still be found in the older forms of story telling such as anecdotes, parables, fables, ballads, sketches, and tales that can be found in any part of the world. In Sri Lanka, Jathaka Tales, Andare’s stories, anecdotes and fables share many common characteristics with the modern short story.

It was, however, in America that the short story truly came into its own. Edgar Allan Poe is known as the "father" of the short story because he is credited with setting up the first guidelines for the short story. “Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849), American writer, known as a poet and critic but most famous as the first master of the short-story form, especially tales of the mysterious and macabre” (Madden, 2007).

According to Poe, the short story must have the following characteristics: • It must produce a certain unique effect.

• It must have brevity (a reader should be able to read it in "one sitting"). • It must have unity.

• It must have intensity.

• It must begin with the first sentence (i.e., not spend too long on background, setting, introduction of characters, etc.)

When the short story emerged as a genre in the 19th century, it was seen as something totally new and modern. Popular and literary magazines began increasingly to publish short stories that often reflected the dominant literary trends of the day. Up to that point, the primary focus of most stories had been on the plot. Beginning with Nathaniel Hawthorne, one of the most important early writers in the shaping of the modern short story, the short story developed as a unique form of fiction in the hands of the writers such as Anton Chekov, Henry James, Guy de

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Maupassant, O’ Henry, James Joyce, Katherine Mansfield, Saki etc. By the end of the 20th century the short story had matured as a form.