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The author is a pioneer in reintroducing the values of biocharculture in parts of India. He had trained thousands of people on biochar from parts of India and several other countries. He had been working with farmers on biochar production and application for a decade, and is involved in facilitation, design of biochar blends, application methods, and monitoring of results in the field. The experiments outlined in this study were designed, implemented, monitored, and analysed by the author.

The author understood the value of biochar through field observations and experiments conducted in parts of India. Farmers have adopted biochar in their soils and have grown diverse crops with enhanced yields, and they are very happy. The farmers were trained to make biochar compost using locally available materials.

The author encourages stakeholders to adopt sustainable biochar production and application systems and has designed biochar production technologies that are low-cost and efficient. He also designed low cost highly efficient 50 good stoves that produce biochar as a byproduct. On the whole, he has identified the value of biochar and broadened the scope of biochar to “biocharculture.”

All of the author’s work is declared as “Open Knowledge” and published extensively on blogs and websites. Every day the information is accessed by at least 2000 people from all over the world.

Acknowledgements

I express my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Frank van Steenbergen, Director at MetaMeta, for his ever support and encouragement in bringing up this book. I am also thankful to Mr.

Abraham Abhishek for editing the text and Ms. Linda Navis for guiding me in composing this book excellently. I thank all the other family members of MetaMeta¹⁷, Netherlands for their support in bringing up this second book - the first book was “Understanding Stoves”, published in 2012. I am grateful to 3R group¹⁸, Netherlands too for their support.

I am very much thankful to Mr. Lloyd Helferty, Engineering Technologist, Principal, Biochar Consulting, Canada for understanding my work and constant encouragement. I would like to thank Dr. Deoyani Sarkhot for analysis of my research and field trials data.

17 MetaMeta provides research and consultancy services in water governance, and offers specialised communication products geared to the international resource management & development sectors. www.metameta.nl

18 3R stands for Recharge, Retention and Reuse of Groundwater & Rainwater, which is involved in sustainable and innovative management of water resources, in relation to development as well as adaptation to climate change.

www.bebuffered.com

I express my sincere thanks to the farmers’ community, the people who believed me and adopted the biochar for soil amendment and got very good agriculture production results. I would like to thank all the people who supported me over a decade in contributing to the understanding of biochar as a resource. I consider them as the “Earth Leaders” for their role in dissemination of biochar knowledge in parts of the World.

I would like to thank my sons Avan and Magh, for all their love and support during my journey into biochar. I also thank my wife and parents for their constant support and accepting my freedom. I express my gratitude to my mentors, friends and well wishers for their support in my endeavours.

I express my love and thanks to those millions of common people whose suffering has sensitized me, and I got an opportunity to work on biochar and mitigate their hardships, and address other co-benefits.

I acknowledge and express thanks to my organization

‘Geoecology Energy Organisation [GEO]’, Hyderabad, India, that has given me space to think, understand, design and innovate on Good Stoves and Biocharculture. Thanks are also to GoodPlanet.org, France for their support to continue my work on Biochar and Charcoal Production technologies.

August 2014 Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy Hyderabad, India [email protected]

References

Biochar for Environmental Management - Science and Technology by Johannes Lehmann and Stephen Joseph (eds.) published in early 2009. Publisher EARTHSCAN.

Food and Agricultural Orgnization (1998 February), Soil and

Microbial Biodiversity. Retrieved from

http://www.fao.org/sd/EPdirect/EPre0045.htm.

Ghilardi, A. & Steierer, F. (2011 June 15). Charcoal production and use: World country statistics and global trends. Presented at ARUSHI Symposium: The Role of Charcoal in Climate Change and Poverty Alleviation Initiatives. Tanzania.

Mwangi, E. & Swallow, B. (2005). Invasion of Prosopis Juliflora and local livelihoods: Case study of the Lake Baringo Area of Kenya.

ICRAF Working Paper No. 3. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre.

Pennise, D. & Smith, K. R. (2001). Emissions of greenhouse gases and other airborne pollutants from charcoal making in Kenya and Brazil. Journal of Geophysical Research – Atmosphere, 106(D20),

24143-24155. Retrieved from

http://ehs.sph.berkeley.edu/krsmith/publications/2006%20pubs/JG R_Pennise1.pdf.

S. Shenbagavalli and S. Mahimairaja (2012), Production and Characterization of Biochar from Different Biological Wastes.

International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 197-201

Syred, C. Griffiths, A.J., Syred, N., Beedie, D., & James, D. (2006). A clean, efficient system for producing charcoal, heat, and Power (CHaP). Fuel, 85, 1566-1578.

EBC (2012) 'European Biochar Certificate -­‐ Guidelines for a Sustainable Production of Biochar.' European Biochar Foundation (EBC), Arbaz, Switzerland.

http://www.european-­‐biochar.org/en/download. Version 4.7 of 18th October 2013, Accessed: date

Understanding Stoves – for Environment and Humanity by Sai Bhaskar Reddy N., published in 2012. Publisher MetaMeta, Netherlands.

Weblinks

Biochar India http://biocharindia.com Good Stoves http://goodstove.com BioEnergy Lists: Biochar Mailing Lists

http://biochar.bioenergylists.org/

International Biochar Initiative http://www.biochar-international.org/

Supporting Organizations

MetaMeta, Netherlands - www.metameta.nl 3R Group, Netherlands - www.bebuffered.com

Geoecology Energy Organisation [GEO] – www.e-geo.org