Fdo.: J uan J osé M ateos o tero
TERCER CURSO
Lesson Overview
There are a range of enhancement functions available in planned independent requirements management to ensure that the production planning process runs smoothly and consistently.
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
• Make demand management settings
• Make an adjustment and reduce requirements
Business Example
Most of the settings for Demand Management have already been made. You have to execute several important functions to ensure it runs smoothly.
Figure 45: Overview: Several Special Planning Strategies
Numerous other planning strategies are available for planning a material.
The “special planning strategies” mentioned above can be treated as an optional element of the course.
Figure 46: Planned Independent Requirements Reduction
In general, planned independent requirements are reduced by goods issue postings in SAP ECC inventory management. The assigned movement type must allow planned independent requirements to be reduced, however. For each movement type, you can define whether or not a requirements reduction should take place in inventory management (SAP ECC Customizing: Materials Management → Inventory Management and Physical Inventory → Movement Types → Copy, Change Movement Types). The default movement types are preset.
Figure 47: Planning Strategies and PIR Reduction
The independent requirements of make-to-stock production, strategy 10 (requirements type LSF) are reduced as a result of the goods issue. The oldest
(first in first out) principle and using the requirement date. Future planned independent requirements are also reduced by goods issues, providing the consumption mode and the forward consumption period allows this. With goods issue for a sales order, the requirements are also reduced, provided that this has been set in the requirements class.
With strategy 30, the sales order requirements are reduced when withdrawals are made for the sales order, the planned independent requirements are reduced by sales from stock (similar to strategy 10).
With strategy 59, the planned independent requirements are reduced by the goods issue for the production order for the finished product. You must backflush the material components.
With strategies 70 and 74, the assembly's planned independent requirements are reduced by the goods issue for a production order or cost center.
The corresponding movement type must allow the reduction of the planned independent requirements. In addition, the system only reduces the planned independent requirements for the requirements type that is controlled by the main strategy of the strategy group assigned to the material. Planned independent requirements for the requirements types of the alternative strategies are not usually reduced by the material movements.
Figure 48: Adjusting the Planned Independent Requirements
The period of adjustment determines a period in which planned independent requirements are not taken into account in the requirements calculation, but merely have an MRP-effect for customer requirements. However, the planned
You maintain the period of adjustment in working days in Customizing for the MRP group. The corresponding adjustment indicator defines whether the period of adjustment points to the past or to the future. The adjustment indicator also specifies whether the adjustment is valid for planned independent requirements for all strategies or only for planned independent requirements that are planned using a strategy in which customer requirements and planned independent requirements are consumed.
The adjustment can be used to eradicate “planning errors”, for example. The period of adjustment could therefore correspond to the period in which only the customer requirements that exist up to now are to be covered, and no new ones are expected.
Figure 49: Reorganizing Planned Independent Requirements
During the adjustment, planned independent requirements that lie within the period of adjustment are simply ignored in material requirements planning but remain on the database. The aim of reorganization is to delete old planned independent requirements from the database.
The reorganization takes place in 3 steps:
1. “Adjust requirements” (transaction MD47): Quantities that have not been assigned before the specified reorganization key date (this date can also be in the future) are set to 0 and are flagged for reorganization.
2. Reorganize schedule lines (MD75): Schedule lines that have a quantity of 0 before the key date are deleted from the database.
3. Delete history (MD76): The history can be deleted by determining a (further) key date.
As an alternative to the key date, you can maintain a reorganization period per plant (in the Customizing for Demand Management). This is calculated backwards from the current date.
We recommend that you carry out reorganization periodically, for example, once a month.
Figure 50: Settings for Material Requirements Planning
The Customizing settings for the requirements planning are basically controlled at three levels:
• Material master
• MRP group (Customizing step Carry Out Overall Maintenance of MRP Groups)
• Plant parameters (Customizing step Carry Out Overall Maintenance of Plant Parameters)
The MRP group is an organizational object that is used to assign certain control parameters for MRP to a group of materials. This includes the creation indicators for purchase requisitions, schedule lines, the planning horizon, and so on. In Customizing, you can define the MRP group with these specific control parameters and assign the material to the corresponding MRP group in the material master record (MRP 1 view).
If a setting is possible on several levels, the setting in the material master takes priority over the setting in the MRP group to which the material is assigned. The setting in the MRP group takes priority over the setting in the plant parameters.
Hint: Setting the Requirement Parameters:
In transactions MD61, 62, 63 (Create, Change, Display Planned
Independent Requirements), you can preset the requirements parameters.
This function is not advisable when using strategies (it overrides them). If you have to use it, you should do so only for displaying and changing data.
Figure 51: Customizing for Planned Independent Requirements Management The planning strategy is an effective procedure when planning a material.
You define the planning strategy using a requirements type from planned independent requirements management, a requirements type from sales order management, or by effectively combining both requirements types.
The strategy group enables you to combine several planning strategies.
Figure 52: Strategy Groups and Planning Strategies
You can create the strategy groups in Customizing, in the work step Define Strategy Group. A strategy group can contain a main strategy and up to seven alternative strategies. You can also create the strategies in the Customizing for Demand Management.
You assign the strategy group to the material in the material master record (MRP 3 view) or the assigned MRP group.
When you create the customer requirements or the planned independent requirements, the system uses the customer requirements type or planned independent requirements type defined in the main strategy of the strategy group assigned to the material. You can do this provided that the requirements type is not defined by user parameters or manual entry when creating the planned independent requirements or customer requirements (sales order). You can determine the requirements types that can be used for a material in the alternative strategies.
In the sales order, you can access the customer requirements type in the sales order item in the Procurement view.
You can also determine the customer requirements type from the item type of the sales order if no strategy group has been assigned to the material (in Customizing Sales and Distribution, in the work step Determination of Requirement Types Using Transaction).
Figure 53: Requirement Types and Classes
Generally, a planning strategy groups two requirements types - for planned independent requirements and for customer requirements.
The requirements type is assigned to one specific requirements class. Therefore, the requirements class represents a kind of “values list” for the settings of the requirements type. This means that any changes to the requirements type are made by way of the corresponding requirements class.
In the requirements class, you can control how the customer requirements are to consume the planned independent requirements, for example.
The definition of the requirements class is made in the Customizing for Demand Management for “planned independent” requirements classes and in the
Customizing for SD for “independent customer” requirements classes.
The requirements class controls functions relevant for sales order requirements in Logistics. In the requirements class, you define the type of availability check, whether the requirement is relevant to MRP (No MRP field), whether consumption is to be carried out and if so, which type (Assignment indicator field). The exact type of assembly processing is defined using the customer requirements type for the corresponding sales order.
Furthermore, you can define specifications that are used in cost accounting (such as the settlement profile for settling a requirements class).
Exercise 6: Customizing
Exercise Objectives
After completing this exercise, you will be able to:
• Make and check the Customizing settings for the planning strategies
Business Example
The SAP person responsible for the project verifies the settings for strategy 50 in Customizing and checks the MRP group settings.
Task 1:
In Customizing for Demand Management, check which requirement types and classes are assigned to strategy 50 (planning without final assembly). (You can see these settings in Customizing, in the step Define Strategy.)
Hint: You only need display authorization to do this.
Plnd. Indep. Reqmnt Customer requirements Requirements type
Requirements class
1. For which data object (requirements class or requirements type) do you make the individual settings to determine how strategy 50 works.
_____________________________________________________
2. Name the Customizing paths for the work steps you need to modify this data object. Navigate to the relevant entries.
Planned independent requirement:
Task 2:
When planning with strategy 50, customer requirements consume planned independent requirements.
1. What values do the consumption or assignment indicators have in Customizing?
Requirements class Consumption or assignment indicator
Task 3:
1. Which planning strategies are allowed by strategy group 50 (Planning without final assembly)?
_________________________________________
Task 4:
Finally, take a look at an MRP group. In Customizing, display the MRP group SCM2 (Customizing step Carry Out Overall Maintenance of MRP Groups).
1. Which strategy group is maintained for plant 1000 in the MRP group SCM2?
______________________________________________________
2. Which values have been maintained for the planning horizon and the rescheduling horizon in this MRP group?
Planning horizon: _______________________________________
_______________________________________
Rescheduling horizon: ________________________________
________________________________
Solution 6: Customizing
Task 1:
In Customizing for Demand Management, check which requirement types and classes are assigned to strategy 50 (planning without final assembly). (You can see these settings in Customizing, in the step Define Strategy.)
Hint: You only need display authorization to do this.
Plnd. Indep. Reqmnt Customer requirements Requirements type
Requirements class
1. For which data object (requirements class or requirements type) do you make the individual settings to determine how strategy 50 works.
_____________________________________________________
a) Menu path Customizing: Production → Production Planning → Demand Management → Planned Independent Requirements → Planning Strategy → Define Strategy
Plnd. Indep.
Reqmnt
Customer requirements
Requirements type VSE KEV
Requirements class 103 045
Settings to activate strategy 50: You make the individual settings in the requirements class. You then assign the requirements class to the requirements type.
2. Name the Customizing paths for the work steps you need to modify this data object. Navigate to the relevant entries.
Planned independent requirement:
______________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Customer requirements:
_________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
a) Customizing path to modify the requirements classes:
Planned independent requirement: Customizing: Production → Production Planning → Demand Management → Planned Independent Requirements → Requirements Types/Requirements Classes →
Maintain Requirements Classes
Customer requirements: Customizing: Sales and Distribution → Basic Functions → Availability Check and Transfer of Requirements → Transfer of Requirements → Define Requirements Classes
Task 2:
When planning with strategy 50, customer requirements consume planned independent requirements.
1. What values do the consumption or assignment indicators have in Customizing?
Requirements class Consumption or assignment indicator
a) Consumption indicator or assignment indicator in Customizing: You may gather in the Customizing step Define Strategy.
Requirements class 103 045
Consumption or assignment indicator
2 2
Task 3:
1. Which planning strategies are allowed by strategy group 50 (Planning without final assembly)?
_________________________________________
a) Planning strategies of strategy group 50:Planning strategies in strategy group 50: As well as planning strategy 50 (standard case) you can also use the strategies 40 and 20.
Menu path Customizing: Production → Production Planning → Demand Management → Planned Independent Requirements → Planning Strategy → Define Strategy Group
Task 4:
Finally, take a look at an MRP group. In Customizing, display the MRP group SCM2 (Customizing step Carry Out Overall Maintenance of MRP Groups).
1. Which strategy group is maintained for plant 1000 in the MRP group SCM2?
______________________________________________________
a) Menu path: Customizing: Production → Material Requirements Planning → MRP Groups → Carry Out Overall Maintenance of MRP Groups
Strategy group for MRP group SCM2: Strategy group 40 (choose Strategy Group in MRP group maintenance)
2. Which values have been maintained for the planning horizon and the rescheduling horizon in this MRP group?
Planning horizon: _______________________________________
_______________________________________
Rescheduling horizon: ________________________________
________________________________
a) Planning horizon and rescheduling horizon:
200 working days, 200 working days (choose Planning Horizon or Rescheduling Horizon in the MRP group maintenance screen).
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
• Make demand management settings
• Make an adjustment and reduce requirements