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2. El terrorismo como práctica discursiva
3.1 General
3.1.1 (1/7/2006)The survey extent is dependent on the age of the ship as specified in [3.2], [3.3] and [3.4] and shown in Tab 3 and Tab 4.
3.2 Ships between 5 and 10 years of age
3.2.1 Ballast tanks(1/7/2010)a) For tanks used for water ballast, an overall survey of rep-resentative tanks selected by the Surveyor is to be car-ried out. The selection is to include fore and aft peak tanks and a number of other tanks, taking into account the total number and type of ballast tanks. If such over-all survey reveals no visible structural defects, the exam-ination may be limited to verification that the corrosion prevention system remains efficient.
b) Where poor coating condition, corrosion or other defects are found in water ballast tanks or where a hard protective coating has not been applied since the time of construction, the examination is to be extended to other ballast tanks of the same type.
c) In ballast tanks other than double bottom tanks, where a hard protective coating is found in poor condition, and it is not renewed, or where a soft or semi-hard coating has been applied, or where a hard protective coating
has not been applied since the time of construction, the tanks in question are to be examined and thickness measurements carried out as considered necessary at annual surveys. When such breakdown of hard protec-tive coating is found in ballast double bottom tanks, or where a soft or semi-hard coating has been applied, or where a hard protective coating has not been applied, the tanks in question may be examined at annual sur-veys. When considered necessary by the Surveyor, or where extensive corrosion exists, thickness measure-ments are to be carried out.
d) In addition to the requirements above, suspect areas identified at previous surveys are to be examined.
3.2.2 Cargo holds(1/7/2006)
a) An overall survey of all cargo holds, including close-up survey of sufficient extent, minimum 25% of frames, is to be carried out to establish the condition of:
• Shell frames including their upper and lower end attachments, adjacent shell plating, and transverse bulkheads in the forward cargo hold and one other selected cargo hold;
• Areas found suspect at previous surveys.
b) Where considered necessary by the Surveyor as a result of the overall and close-up survey as described in a), the survey is to be extended to include a close-up survey of all of the shell frames and adjacent shell plating of that cargo hold as well as a close-up survey of sufficient extent of all remaining cargo holds.
3.2.3 Extent of Thickness Measurements (1/7/2006) a) Thickness measurements are to be carried out to an
extent sufficient to determine both general and local corrosion levels in areas subject to close-up survey as described in [3.2.2] a). The minimum requirements for thickness measurements at the intermediate survey are areas found to be suspect areas at previous surveys.
b) The extent of thickness measurement may be specially considered, provided the Surveyor is satisfied by the close-up survey that there is no structural diminution and the hard protective coatings are found to be in a good condition.
c) Where substantial corrosion is found, the extent of thickness measurements is to be increased in accord-ance with the requirements of Tab 7 to Tab 11. These extended thickness measurements are to be carried out before the survey is credited as completed. Suspect areas identified at previous surveys are to be examined.
Areas of substantial corrosion identified at previous sur-veys are to be subjected to thickness measurements.
d) Where the hard protective coating in cargo holds, as defined in [1.1.7], is found in good condition, the extent of close-up surveys and thickness measurements may be specially considered.
Table 1 : Annual survey of cargo holds for bulk carriers and combination carriers of single side skin construction(1/7/2006)
Table 2 : Additional survey requirements for the foremost cargo hold for ships subject to Reg. 9.1 of Ch. XII of SOLAS 74 as amended, only for ships referred to in [2.4.3](1/7/2006)
Age of ship (in years at time of annual survey)
10 < age ≤ 15 age > 15
Overall survey of all cargo holds Overall survey of all cargo holds Close-up survey of sufficient extent, minimum 25% of frames, to
establish the condition of the lower region of the shell frames including approximately the lower one third length of side frame at side shell and side frame end attachment and the adjacent shell plating in the forward cargo hold
Close-up survey of sufficient extent, minimum 25% of frames, to establish the condition of the lower region of the shell frames including approximately the lower one third length of side frame at side shell and side frame end attachment and the adjacent shell plating in the forward cargo hold and one other selected cargo hold
Examination of all piping and penetrations, including overboard piping, in all cargo holds
See (1) , (2) and (3) See (1) , (2) and (3)
(1) Where this level of survey reveals the need for remedial measures, the survey is to be extended to include a close-up survey of all the shell frames and adjacent shell plating of that cargo hold as well as a close-up survey of sufficient extent of all remaining cargo holds.
(2) When considered necessary by the Surveyor or where extensive corrosion exists, thickness measurements are to be carried out.
If the results of these thickness measurements indicate that substantial corrosion is present, the extent of thickness measurements is to be increased in accordance with Tab 7 to Tab 11. These extended thickness measurements are to be carried out before the survey is credited as completed. Suspect areas identified at previous surveys are to be examined. Areas of substantial corrosion identified at previous surveys are to be subjected to thickness measurements.
(3) Where a hard protective coating is fitted in cargo holds as provided in [1.1.7] and is found to be in good condition, the extent of close-up surveys and thickness measurements may be specially considered.
Age of ship (in years at time of annual survey)
5 < age ≤ 15 age > 15
Overall survey of the foremost cargo hold, including close-up sur-vey of sufficient extent to establish the condition of:
• minimum 25% of shell frames including their upper and lower end attachments, adjacent shell plating, and transverse bulk-heads
• suspect areas identified at previous surveys (see Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.2.8])
See (1) and (2)
Overall survey of the foremost cargo hold, including close-up sur-vey of sufficient extent to establish the condition of:
• all shell frames including their upper and lower end attach-ments, adjacent shell plating, and transverse bulkheads
• suspect areas identified at previous surveys (see Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.2.8])
See (2)
Thickness measurement to an extent sufficient to determine both general and local corrosion levels at areas subject to close-up sur-vey.
See (3), (4) and (5)
Thickness measurement to an extent sufficient to determine both general and local corrosion levels at areas subject to close-up sur-vey.
See (3), (4) and (5)
(1) Where considered necessary by the Surveyor as a result of the overall and close-up survey as described above, the survey is to be extended to include a close-up survey of all of the shell frames and adjacent shell plating of the foremost cargo hold.
(2) Where the protective coating in the foremost cargo hold as provided in [1.1.7] is found to be in good condition, the extent of close-up surveys and thickness measurements may be specially considered.
(3) The minimum requirements for thickness measurements are suspect areas identified at previous surveys (see Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.2.8]).
(4) Where substantial corrosion as defined in Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.2.7] is found, the extent of thickness measurements is to be increased in accordance with Tab 7 to Tab 11.
These extended thickness measurements are to be carried out before the survey is credited as completed. Suspect Areas identi-fied at previous surveys are to be examined. Areas of substantial corrosion identiidenti-fied at previous surveys are to be subjected to thickness measurements.
(5) The thickness measurements may be dispensed with provided the Surveyor is satisfied by the close-up survey, that there is no structural diminution and the protective coating where fitted remains effective
Table 3 : Intermediate survey of cargo holds for bulk carriers and combination carriers of single side skin construction(1/7/2006)
3.3 Ships between 10 and 15 years of age
3.3.1 (1/7/2006)The requirements of the intermediate survey are to the same extent as the previous class renewal survey as required in [4]. However, internal examination of fuel oil tanks and pressure testing of all tanks are not required unless deemed necessary by the attending Surveyor.
3.3.2 (1/1/2003)
In application of [3.3.1], the intermediate survey may be commenced at the second annual survey and be progressed during the succeeding year with a view to completion at the third annual survey in lieu of application of Ch 2, Sec 2, [4.2.2].
3.3.3 (1/1/2003)
In application of [3.3.1], an underwater survey may be con-sidered in lieu of a bottom survey in dry condition (see Ch 3, Sec 5, [2]).
3.4 Ships over 15 years of age
3.4.1 (1/7/2006)The requirements of the intermediate survey are to the same extent as the previous class renewal survey as required in [4]. However, internal examination of fuel oil tanks and pressure testing of all tanks are not required unless deemed necessary by the attending Surveyor.
3.4.2 (1/1/2003)
In application of [3.4.1], the intermediate survey may be commenced at the second annual survey and be progressed
during the succeeding year with a view to completion at the third annual survey in lieu of application of Ch 2, Sec 2, [4.2.2].
3.4.3 (1/7/2002)
In application of [3.4.1], a bottom survey in dry condition is to be part of the intermediate survey. The overall and close-up surveys and thickness measurements, as applicable, of the lower portions of the cargo holds and ballast tanks (see Note 1) are to be carried out in accordance with the appli-cable requirements for intermediate surveys, if not already performed.
Note 1: Lower portions of the cargo holds and ballast tanks are considered to be the parts below the light ballast waterline.
4 Class renewal survey
4.1 Survey program and preparation for sur-vey
4.1.1 (1/1/2008)
The Owner, in cooperation with the Society, is to work out a specific survey program prior to the commencement of any part of:
• the class renewal survey
• the intermediate survey for bulk carriers over 10 years of age.
Prior to the development of the survey program, the Survey Planning Questionnaire is to be completed by the Owner Age of ship (in years at time of intermediate survey)
5 < age ≤ 10 10 < age ≤ 15 age > 15
Overall survey of all cargo holds See [3.3] See [3.4]
Close-up survey in the forward cargo hold and one other selected cargo hold, to establish the condition of:
• at least 25% of the side shell frames including their upper and lower end attachments, and adjacent shell plating
• the transverse bulkheads
• areas found suspect at previous surveys (see Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.2.8])
See [3.3] See [3.4]
See (1) and (2)
Thickness measurements to an extent sufficient to determine both general and local corrosion levels in areas subject to close-up survey.
The minimum requirement for thickness measurements are areas found to be suspect areas at previous surveys (see Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.2.8]).
See (2), (3) and (4)
See [3.3] See [3.4]
(1) Where considered necessary by the Surveyor as a result of the overall and close-up surveys, the survey is to be extended to include a close-up survey of all the shell frames and adjacent shell plating of that cargo hold as well as a close-up survey of suf-ficient extent of all remaining cargo holds.
(2) Where the hard protective coating in cargo holds as defined in [1.1.7] is found in good condition, the extent of close-up sur-vey and thickness measurements may be specially considered.
(3) Where substantial corrosion is found, the extent of thickness measurements is to be increased in accordance with Tab 7 to Tab 11.
These extended thickness measurements are to be carried out before the survey is credited as completed. Suspect areas identi-fied at previous surveys are to be examined. Areas of substantial corrosion identiidenti-fied at previous surveys are to be subjected to thickness measurements.
(4) The extent of thickness measurement may be specially considered provided the Surveyor is satisfied by the close-up survey, that there is no structural diminution and the hard protective coating is found to be in good condition.
based on the information set out in [4.9], and forwarded to the Society.
The survey program is to be in a written format, based on the information in [4.8]. The survey is not to commence until the survey program has been agreed. The survey gram at intermediate survey may consist of the survey pro-gram at the previous class renewal survey supplemented by the condition evaluation report of that class renewal survey and later relevant survey reports.
The survey program is to be worked out taking into account any amendments to the survey requirements after the last class renewal survey carried out.
4.1.2 (1/7/2006)
In developing the survey program, the following documen-tation is to be collected and consulted with a view to select-ing tanks, holds, areas and structural elements to be examined:
• survey status and basic ship information
• the documentation on board, as described in [1.2.2]
and [1.2.3]
• main structural plans (scantling drawings), including information on use of high tensile steels (HTS)
• relevant previous survey and inspection reports from both the Society and the Owner
• information on the use of ship holds and tanks, with regard to the nature of the typical cargoes transported and other useful data
• information on the corrosion prevention level on the new building
• information on the relevant maintenance level during operation.
4.1.3 The survey program is to comply, at least, with the requirements for close-up surveys, thickness measurements and tank testing given in [4.4], [4.5] and [4.6], respectively.
In addition, the survey program is to include at least:
• basic ship information and particulars
• main structural plans (scantling drawings), including information on the use of high tensile steels (HTS)
• plan of holds and tanks
• list of holds and tanks including information on their use, protective coating, if any, and its condition
• conditions for survey, with regard to holds, tanks and spaces which are to be safe for access, i.e. cleaned, gas freed, ventilated, illuminated
• provisions and methods for access to structures
• equipment for surveys
• nomination of holds, spaces and areas for close-up sur-veys according to Tab 5
• nomination of sections and areas for thickness measure-ments according to Tab 6
• nomination of holds, if any, and tanks for tank testing according to [4.6]
• damage experience and repair history related to the ship in question.
4.1.4 The survey program is also to include the maximum acceptable structural corrosion diminution levels applicable to the ship. The Society will advise the Owner of this infor-mation.
4.1.5 In addition, the survey program is to include propos-als on how to conduct surveys and tests in a safe and practi-cal way, including the means of providing access to structures for close-up survey, thickness measurements and tank testing. All other provisions described in Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.3], Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.5], Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.6], Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.7] and Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.8] regarding procedures for thick-ness measurements, conditions for survey, access to struc-tures, equipment for survey and survey at sea or at anchorage, respectively, are also to be complied with.
4.1.6 Survey Planning Meeting(1/7/2010)
The establishment of proper preparation and close co-oper-ation between the attending Surveyor(s) and the Owner's representatives on board prior to and during the survey are an essential part in the safe and efficient conduct of the sur-vey. During the survey on board safety meetings are to be held regularly.
Prior to commencement of any part of the renewal and intermediate survey, a survey planning meeting is to be held between the attending Surveyor(s), the Owner's representa-tive in attendance, the thickness measurement company representative, where involved, and the Master of the ship or an appropriately qualified representative appointed by the Master or Company for the purpose of ascertaining that all the arrangements envisaged in the survey program are in place, so as to ensure the safe and efficient conduct of the survey work to be carried out. Refer also to Ch 2, Sec 2, [2.3.1].
The following is an indicative list of items that are to be addressed in the meeting:
a) schedule of the ship (i.e. the voyage, docking and undocking manoeuvres, periods alongside, cargo and ballast operations etc);
b) provisions and arrangements for thickness measure-ments (i.e. access, cleaning/de-scaling, illumination, ventilation, personal safety);
c) extent of the thickness measurements;
d) acceptance criteria (refer to the list of minimum thick-nesses);
e) extent of close-up survey and thickness measurement considering the coating condition and suspect areas/areas of substantial corrosion;
f) execution of thickness measurements;
g) taking representative readings in general and where uneven corrosion/pitting is found;
h) mapping of areas of substantial corrosion;
i) communication between the attending Surveyor(s), the thickness measurement company operator(s) and the Owner's representative(s) concerning findings.
Table 4 : Intermediate survey of water ballast tanks for bulk carriers and combination carriers of single side skin construction(1/7/2006)
4.2 Scope of survey
4.2.1 (1/7/2007)In addition to the requirements of annual surveys, the class renewal survey is to include examination, tests and checks of sufficient extent to ensure that the hull and related pip-ing, as required in [4.2.3], are in a satisfactory condition and are fit for their intended purpose for the new period of class to be assigned, subject to proper maintenance and operation and to periodical surveys being carried out at the due dates.
4.2.2 (1/7/2007)
All cargo holds, ballast tanks, including double bottom tanks, pipe tunnels, cofferdams and void spaces bounding cargo holds, decks and outer hull are to be examined, and this examination is to be supplemented by thickness meas-urement and testing as required in [4.5] and [4.6] respec-tively, to ensure that the structural integrity remains effective. The aim of the examination is to discover substan-tial corrosion, significant deformation, fractures, damage or other structural deterioration that may be present.
4.2.3 (1/7/2006)
All piping systems within the above spaces are to be exam-ined and operationally tested to working pressure to the
attending Surveyor's satisfaction to ensure that tightness and condition remain satisfactory.
4.2.4 The survey extent of ballast tanks converted to void spaces will be specially considered by the Society in rela-tion to the requirements for ballast tanks.
4.2.5 (1/7/2010)
Where provided, the condition of the corrosion prevention system of ballast tanks is to be examined.
For ballast tanks, excluding double bottom tanks, where a hard protective coating is found in poor condition, and it is not renewed, where a soft or semi-hard coating has been applied, or where a hard protective coating has not been applied since the time of construction, the tanks in question are to be examined at annual surveys. Thickness measure-ments are to be carried out as deemed necessary by the Sur-veyor.
When such a breakdown of hard protective coating is found in water ballast double bottom tanks and is not renewed, where a soft or semi-hard coating has been applied, or where a hard protective coating has not been applied since the time of construction, the tanks in question may be examined at annual surveys. When considered necessary by the Surveyor, or where extensive corrosion exists, thick-ness measurements are to be carried out.
Age of ship (in years at time of intermediate survey)
5 < age ≤ 10 10 < age ≤ 15 age > 10
5 < age ≤ 10 10 < age ≤ 15 age > 10