6. Conclusiones y Recomendaciones
6.2. Trabajos futuros
Africa Sentinel: The weekly was published in Dar es Salaam from 1940 to 1943 and had a print run of 1,000.
African Comrade: M. O. Abbasi was the owner of this English and Gujerati weekly which appeared in Dar es Salaam from 1925 to 1927. From 1926 to 1927, a daily edition of the same name existed. → Jolly Joker.
African Voice, The: Published in September 1947, the newspaper was the result of first post-war efforts to establish an African press. It was printed in Swahili and English, but due to paper shortages and financial problems, The African Voice even disappeared in the same year.
Aga Khan School Magazine: This publication was edited by the Aga Khan Ismailia Boys’ School in Dar es Salaam in 1934.
Akayo Katoliki: The Swahili paper was published by the Catholic Mission of Tabora in 1925.
Al-Muslim: M. U. Abbasi, the brother of the → African Comrade owner, was the editor of this Dar-es-Salaam weekly. Founded in 1932, it was printed in both English and Gujerati in order to serve the interests of the Muslim population. But since Abbasi could not comply with the regulations of the Newspaper Ordinance, the paper had to cease publication shortly after its establishment.
Anga la Tanganyika (The Sky of Tanganyika): Meant to be edited at a daily frequency, the Swahili paper was launched by Shaaban Said Mnbui on March 4th 1932. The Dar-es-Salaam publication, which can be regarded as Tanzania’s first African-owned print medium, had a print run of 400 copies, but since Anga la Tanganyika was little in demand, it is believed that the second issue never appeared.
Arumeru: The Swahili paper was published by the Assemblies of Arusha and Meru from 1961 to 1967.
Bahaya Twemanye (Bahaya, Let Us Know Each Other): Ewald R. Munseri was the owner of this Haya monthly which appeared in Bukoba from 1955 to 1961.
Moreover, Munseri edited → Tanganyika Mpya and → Bukya na Gandi.
Bara Kwetu (Our Hinterland): The Swahili monthly was the most popular of the 23 district newspapers launched by the government in the years 1952 and 1953.
It had a circulation of 3,000 copies, which were distributed throughout the Northern Province.
Baragumu (The Bugle): Launched in 1956, the Dar-es-Salaam weekly was published by the Public Relations Department as replacement for → Habari za Leo in 1956. At the beginning, the Swahili paper was a strong supporter of Twining’s UTP and gained a print run of 20,000 copies. After its circulation had fallen disastrously, Baragumu was sold to the government-sponsored Tanganyika National Newspaper Ltd. in 1957. Later, in 1959, the paper was taken over by the East African Newspaper Ltd. (Nation Group) in Nairobi, which established a branch office in Dar es Salaam in 1960 (Tanganyika African Newspaper Ltd.).
Subsequently, the paper was renamed several times: On July 23rd 1960, it was merged with the Kenyan Taifa (The Nation) into Taifa na Baragumu (The Nation
and the Bugle). Then, from November 5th 1960 onwards, it was published as Taifa (Tanganyika) na Baragumu. Finally, it appeared as → Taifa Tanganyika on January 7th 1961.
Baraza (The Council): The Swahili weekly was founded by the Nairobi-based East African Standard Ltd. in 1939. It was distributed throughout Kenya (18,000 circulation), Uganda (18,000), and Tanganyika (20,000).
Bendera ya Kikristo (The Christian Banner): Daniel Friberg from the Lutheran Missions Council was the editor of this Swahili monthly. Actually, Friberg already wanted to publish the paper in November 1945, but due to short supply of newsprint, it took until 1955 when Bendera ya Kikristo appeared in Soni. In 1959, it was replaced with → Uhuru na Amani.
Buhaya Co-operative News: Edited in Swahili and Haya, the Bukoba monthly was launched by the Bukoba Co-operative Native Union Ltd. in 1957. It was published by D. M. Weyunge und gained a print run of 3,500 copies. In 1967, the paper was renamed Bukoba Co-operative News.
Bukoba Co-operative News: → Buhaya Co-operative News.
Bukya na Gandi (Fresh News): Ewald R. Munseri, the owner of → Bahaya Twemanye and → Tanganyika Mpya, published the weekly in Kabangamirembe (Bukoba district) from 1952 to 1963. It was printed in English, Swahili, and Haya and had a print run of 3,000 copies per issue.
Bulletin of the Inter-Territorial Language (Swahili) Committee: On January 1st 1930, the Inter-Territorial Language Committee met in Dar es Salaam for the first time. Subsequently, this linguistic magazine was published in Tanganyika’s capital until 1941. In 1942, the place of publication was moved to Nairobi, and, then, in 1952, to Kampala. During the editorship of W. H. Whiteley (1954 - 1959), the bulletin was named Journal of the East African Swahili Committee.
Busara (Wisdom): The Swahili monthly was one of 23 local newspaper launched by the British administration in 1952 and 1953. It was edited by R. Rock from the Kondoa African District Council.
Central Monthly Statistical Bulletin: Established by the Department of Statistics of the East African High Commission in June 1951, the English periodical appeared in Dar es Salaam at irregular intervals. The issues of January and April 1967 bore the name Quarterly Economic Review.
Daily Nation: John Bierman was the publisher and George Githii the chief editor of this English daily which was founded by the East African Newspaper Ltd.
(Nation Group) in Nairobi in 1960. In January 1964, both the Daily Nation and its weekly sister paper, Sunday Nation (also launched in 1960 but edited by Jack Beverly), were banned from Tanganyika because of distorting news about the country at the time of an army mutiny in Dar es Salaam.
Dar-es-Salaam Times: Subtitled „The Voice of Tanganyika”, this publication was the first professionally edited newspaper during the British period. The English settler paper was published from November 19th 1919 to December 26th 1925.
Then, it was replaced with the → Tanganyika Times.
Drum (East Africa Edition): Originally from South Africa, the English monthly was first seen in Dar es Salaam in 1961. It was produced by Drum Publications (U. K.) Ltd. in Johannesburg. The founding editor of the infotainment magazine was Frank Barton. → True Love, 6.6.
Dunia (The World): M. D. Patel, the proprietor of the → Tanganyika Opinion, edited the Swahili paper in 1939, and, thus, Dunia became the first daily in Tanzania’s press history printed in an African language. It had a circulation of 1,000 copies. In 1940, Patel launched a weekly by the same name which survived until 1950. The daily edition already ceased publication in 1941.
Ecclesia: → St. Joseph’s Parish News.
Ekome: The local monthly was published by R. J. Rhumbika from the Ukerewe &
Ukara Native Authority in 1953. It was edited in Swahili and backed by the colonial government.
Engoma ya Buhaya: This Haya paper existed about 1955.
Flamingo (Tanganyika Edition): The English infotainment magazine, which was edited in Dar es Salaam once a week, was launched by J. Harold from the Chalton Publishing Co. Ltd. in 1961. In 1966, the Flamingo (Tanzania Edition) was incorporated into the Flamingo (East Africa Edition) which was published by Gerald Malmed from the Flamingo African Publication Ltd. in Nairobi.
Subsequently, the weekly was renamed Flamingo Magazine (subtitled „Africa’s lively full colour family magazine”) in 1969, and, in 1971, it appeared in 29 African states with a total run of 3,240,000 copies. From 1977, the Flamingo Magazine was no longer sold in Tanzania.
Gir’umwani: Wilfried Toyi was the editor of this regional monthly founded in 1953. It was published in Swahil and Ha by the Uha Council in Kibondo and existed until 1966.
Habari Njema (Gospel): The Swahili monthly was launched by the Catholic Bookshop Kintinku in Manyoni in 1961. It ceased publication in 1964 and reappeared in 1973.
Habari za Buhaya (Buhaya News): Edited in Haya and Swahili, this fortnightly appeared in Bukoba in 1961. It was published by D. M. Rutaihwa from the Buhaya Council.
Habari za Leo (News of Today): The successor of → Habari za Vita was edited by the Information Office from 1945 to 1949. Then, the Public Relations Department in Dar es Salaam took over the publication of the Swahili paper. On February 24th 1956, Habari za Leo was replaced with → Baragumu.
Habari za Upare (Upare News): The Swahili monthly was the most ambitious of the district papers launched in the years 1952 and 1953. The 14-page publication was edited by the Pare Council Headquarters in Same until 1963. → King’ora.
Habari za Vita (News of the War): Due to the increasing demands for reports on the Second World War, the Swahili weekly was launched by the Information Office in Dar es Salaam in 1939. In 1942, it gained a print run of 15,000 copies.
After the end of the War, the paper was renamed → Habari za Leo.
Hochland, Das (The Highland): This print medium was the result of the most successful attempt of reimmigrated German settlers to launch a newspaper serving their interests. The monthly was initially published by „Deutscher Wirtschaftsverband in Tanganyika Territory” (German Economic Association in Tanganyika Territory) and, afterwards, by „Deutscher Bund für Ostafrika”
(German Union for East Africa) in Mufindi from 1930 to 1937. Then, the editorial office, which was headed by Helmut Wolff (Dr. A. Baron von Pölnitz in 1936), was moved to Oldeani. The production of the paper was done by the missionary station at Wuga (Usambara district).
Ija Webonere: The monthly of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania/North-Western Diocese was founded by Carl-Johan Hellberg in Bukoba in 1954. Edited by Ernest Kahigwa in both Swahili and Haya, Ija Webonere still appeared at the time of research (summer 1996) in a print run ranging from 2,000 to 3,000 copies.
Ilaka: This Swahili monthly was published in Mwanza from 1955 to 1967.
Irgobawe: The Mbulu Local Authority was the publisher of the Swahili monthly which appeared in Mbulu from 1958 to 1964.
Ismaili Crescent: This paper was founded in 1954 and appeared until the 1970s.
Jagrooti: The Gujerati periodical was published every 18 days by Star Printing Press in Dar es Salaam in 1931.
Jolly Joker: The second publication of M. O. Abbasi (→ African Comrade) was edited in Dar es Salaam from 1925 to 1931.
Journal of the East African Swahili Committee: → Bulletin of the Inter-Territorial Language (Swahili) Committee.
Katoliki: The Catholic Mission at Peramiho was the publisher of this Swahili monthly which appeared from 1936 to 1964. Then, it was replaced with → Mwenge (6.6).
Kibarua (The Casual Labourer): The Swahili fortnightly was both owned and edited by A. P. Lupindo in Dar es Salaam from 1959 to 1965.
King’ora: Like → Habari za Upare, the Swahili paper was published by the Pare Council Headquarters in Same. It existed from 1953 to 1964 and was edited by Sabuni E. Simion.
Kinyemi (Good Thing): This regional Swahili paper was edited by Sam Kibanga from the Usambara Local Authority in Lushoto in 1953. Later, in 1962, Kinyemi was replaced with → Gunda/Baragumu (6.6).
Kiongozi (The Leader): The Catholic newspaper was founded in Tabora on January 1st 1950 and still appeared at the time of research in summer 1996.
Initially, the Swahili periodical was published monthly, but in December 1957, it became a fortnightly. From April 1st 1971, Kiongozi was edited in Dar es Salaam.
Circulation: 500 (1950), 1,500 (1951), 8,000 (1953), 25,000 (1970), 23,000 (1971), 19,500 (1975), 47,000 (1980), 103,000 (1986), 31,000 (1994). → St.
Joseph’s Parish News.
Kiswahili: → Swahili.
Komyka: Founded in 1953, this Swahili fortnightly was published by the Chagga Council in Moshi until 1961. Then, it was replaced with → Kusare.
Korrespondenzblatt der evangelischen Missionsarbeiter in Tanganyika Territory (Correspondence Sheet of the Evangelical Missionaries in Tanganyika Territory):
This German missionary publication was edited in 1931 and printed by the missionary station at Wuga (Usambara district).
Kulichi: The regional monthly was launched in Sumbawanga in 1953.
Kusare: Kusare Dunganya was the complete title of this Swahili weekly which succeeded → Komyka in 1961. Published by the Chagga Council in Moshi, it gained a print run of 5,000 copies. Kusare disappeared in 1968.
Kwetu (Home): On November 18th 1937, Erica Fiah published Kwetu - the first African-owned newspaper of Tanganyika. It had a circulation of 1,000 copies and appeared every 18 days. In 1940, it even gained a print run of 3,000. Due to economic problems after World War II, Kwetu became extremely irregular and ceased publication in March 1951.
Lembuka: G. Matingo was the editor of this regional monthly which was published by the Rungwe African District Council in Tukuyu from 1953 to 1967.
It was printed in the languages Swahili and Nyakusa.
Lipuli: Edited by E. Moses Mwano from the Iringa Native Authority, the district monthly appeared in Iringa from 1953 to 1964. Later, it was published by H.
Mohamed (Uhehe Native Authority/Iringa).
Lumuli (The Torch): Founded in 1936, the Catholic missionary paper was published in Mwanza until 1964. Under the editorship of R. Butibubage, the Sukuma fortnightly gained a circulation of 4,000 copies.
Lusangi (Fellowship): The Nyamwezi monthly was published by the Moravian Mission in Tabora from 1936 to 1938.
Majyambele: This monthly appeared from 1953 to 1967 and was edited by Ivan R. Bagabo from the Ngara Native Authority (Mwanza) in the languages Hangaze and Swahili.
Mambo Leo (Affairs of Today): The popular Swahili monthly appeared from 1923 to 1963. Initially edited by the Department of Education, the publication of the paper was later done by the Public Relations Department in Dar es Salaam. In
1957, Mambo Leo was turned over to the government-financed corporation Tanganyika National Newspaper Ltd.. Then, in 1963, the paper was sold to the Nairobi-based media empire East African Newspaper Ltd. (Nation Group) and, subsequently, merged with the Kenyan Maisha (1960 - 1963). The result was a new monthly titled → Nyota Afrika (6.6). Circulation: 6,000 (1923), 13,000 (1936), 21,000 (1944), 54,000 (1956), 55,000 (1962).
Maongezi Matamu (Pleasant Conversation): Pastor A. F. Bull from the East African Union Mission of Seventh Day Adventists was the editor of the Swahili monthly. Designed on the model of → Ufalme wa Mungu, the paper appeared in November 1928.
Maswali na Majibu (Questions and Answers): This Swahili newssheet existed about 1957.
Mbiu (The Bugle): ... ya mgambo ikilia ina jambo (... of the Public Hoots if Something Happens) was the complete title of the local monthly which appeared on November 1st 1953. Edited in Swahili, it was published by the Native Treasury Tanga.
Mhnyma: This monthly magazine of the Hellenic community was edited in Greek from September 1950 to 1957.
Mhola Ziswe: B. F. Maeses, representative of the district commission in Nzega, was the editor of the Swahili monthly published from 1957 to 1961.
Mihtasari ya Mkutano: Edited by Dar es Salaam’s town council („Halmashauri ya Jiji”), the annual publication appeared between 1951 and 1973. Furthermore, the council published Taarifa za Kamati (News of the Commission) from 1956 to 1973.
Mjumbe wa Kristo (The Christian Ambassador): The Swahili paper was founded in 1938 and appeared until the mid-1960s.
Mlishi (The Provider): Published by the Evangelical Church of Usambara-Digo, the Swahili monthly appeared in Lushoto from 1961 to 1967.
Month in Tanganyika, The: The Public Relations Department in Dar es Salaam published this bulletin in 1956. The monthly was distributed to a wide network of journalists, publicists, educational institutions, and libraries in East and South Africa, in the U.K., and abroad.
Monthly Statistical Bulletin: → Monthly Statistical Supplement.
Monthly Statistical Supplement: This periodical was published by the Tanganyikan administration from 1949 to 1951. Then, it was replaced with the Monthly Statistical Bulletin.
Mtumishi wa Raia (The Servant of the Citizens): The Tanganyika Union of Public Employees was the owner of the Swahili monthly which was edited by M. A.
Kivumbi from 1961 to 1963.
Mtumishi wa Serikali (The Servant of the Government): E. D. Amri from the Tanganyika African Government Workers Union (TAGWU) was the publisher of the Swahili paper which appeared on July 1st 1959.
Muli: This Swahili monthly was edited by Mathew A. Magaza from the Zigua &
Ngure Council in Handeni from 1952 to 1964.
Mwafrika (The African): Kheri Rashidi Baghdelleh and his assistant Robert Moses Makange founded the Swahili fortnightly in September 1957. Soon, it was transformed into a weekly, and, in 1959, an additional daily edition appeared.
Both the weekly and the daily were sold to the Tanganyika African Newspaper Ltd., the Dar es Salaam branch of the Nairobi-based East African Newspaper Ltd.
(Nation Group), in 1961. Subsequently, the weekly was merged with → Taifa Tanganyika on March 18th 1961. Named Mwafrika na Taifa (The African and the Nation), it was published by Joel Mgogo and Charles Hayes, while Makange was responsible for the production of the daily. Both editions appeared until the spring of 1965. Circulation: weekly - 4,000 (September 1957) to 20,000 (October 1957);
daily - 8,000.
Mwafrika na Taifa: → Mwafrika, Taifa Tanganyika.
Mwanafunzi (The Pupil): The Education Department in Dar es Salaam published the Swahili monthly in 1935. Its circulation ranged from 2,000 copies in 1940 to 3,000 copies in 1944.
Mwananchi (The Citizen): Published by National Times Limited and edited by Haroon Ahmed in Dar es Salaam, Mwananchi appeared in August 1959 and gained a circulation of 10,000 copies. As its sister papers National Weekly (English, print run 5,000) and Nootan Africa (Gujerati), it ceased publication in early 1961.
Mwangaza (The Light): The Swahili daily was published by the Public Relations Department in Dar es Salaam from 1951 to 1957. Then, it was turned over to the Tanganyika National Newspaper Ltd. which edited the paper until its cessation on December 31st 1958. Circulation: 800 (1951), 1,000 (1952), 1,200 (1954), 9,000 (1956).
Nachingwea Daily News: This daily newssheet was owned by the Overseas Food Corporation which was also responsible for the publication of → Our World and
→ Urambo Daily News. The periodical was available in Kongwa in 1955.
Nachrichten für Lupempe (News for Lupempe): The German two-page monthly was published in Lupempe (Meringa district) from 1929 to 1930.
National Times, The: The English daily was the only outcome of Nyerere’s attempt to create a strong party press by editing both a Swahili and an English daily, and, furthermore, a weekly in Gujerati. The paper was published by TANU’s own National Times Press in 1959. But due to economic problems, The National Times soon had to cease publication.
National Weekly: → Mwananchi.
News Bulletin: The English monthly was owned by the Catholic Church of Dar es Salaam. Founded in 1960, it was published in a run of 500 copies in 1973. The target groups of the News Bulletin were journalists, clergymen, and representatives of agencies.
Ng’waniji wa Butemi (The Herald of Kingdom): Established in Lubombo (Shinyanga district) in April 1927, the paper was published by Mr. E. Sywulka from the Africa Inland Mission.
Ngurumo (The Roar): Randhir Thaker was the initiator of the popular Swahili daily which first appeared on April 15th 1959. The circulation ranged from 14,000 in 1966 to 40,000 copies in 1970; no other daily had such a broad distribution throughout Tanganyika at that time. The newspaper included a supplement called Kaka (The Brother) which aimed at the propagation of the Swahili. After the Habari Printers Co-operative Society Ltd. had taken over Ngurumo’s production and Joseph Mzuri had become the new editor, the papers circulation fell rapidly to 2,000. On November 30th 1976, the last issue of Ngurumo appeared.
Njoo Uone (Come and See): This Swahili publication of the Anglican Diocese of Southern Tanganyika existed in Iringa about the year 1955. It was published every
two months and had a print run of 4,000 copies. In the mid-70s, Njombe became the paper’s place of publication. In the meantime, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania/Southern Synod had taken charge of Njoo Uone’s production.
From then, the publication, which was still available at the time of research (summer 1996), appeared in a print run of 6,000.
Nootan Africa: → Mwananchi.
North Mara Gazette: T. Mweri from the North Mara Native Authority was the publisher of this Swahili monthly which was launched in 1952.
Northern Province Post: S. F. Butler’s English fortnightly appeared in Arusha from 1961 to 1962.
Ostafrika-Post (East African Post): The newspaper of the German inhabitants of Tanga came out in 1931 but existed only for a short period.
Ostafrikawarte, Die (The East African Outlook): In political respects, this publication was the most important newspaper for the German community in Tanganyika Territory. Launched on January 1st 1938, it was edited by the German embassy in Nairobi.
Our World: Like → Nachingwea Daily News and → Urambo Daily News, the English monthly was published by the Overseas Food Corporation and appeared in Kongwa from 1949 to 1953.
Planter and Tanganyika Advertiser, The: Initially founded as a weekly on February 4th 1938, the frequency of publication was reduced to once a month even in the same year. The English periodical was edited in Tanga until 1947, and its circulation ranged from 1,100 to 1,700 copies per issue.
Planter, The: Subtitled „An Illustrated Monthly Journal, devoted to the Interests of the Coffee, Sisal and Farming Industries in East Africa”, the monthly magazine replaced the → Tanganyika Review in September 1932. Edited by Martin van Jaarsveld, it appeared until 1942. From May to September 1938, The Planter was published weekly.
Platinum: This publication appeared in March 1953.
Platinum: This publication appeared in March 1953.