A continuación se presenta una lista de trabajos futuros que pueden ser desarrollados a partir del resultado de este trabajo o que, por exceder el alcance de los objetivos planteados, no han sido tratados con profundidad. Entre las posibilidades se pueden mencionar las siguientes:
100 requieran.
● Agregar soporte a firma digital para asegurar autenticación del responsable legal del documento CDA.
● Implementar un módulo orientado a la transferencia de ítems de facturación y débitos basados en recursos FHIR que propone el MAIS.
101
Bibliografía
[1] Indarte, S. (2012). Interoperabilidad. En: Manual de salud electrónica para directivos
de servicios y sistemas de salud. Santiago: CEPAL, 2012. p. 317-330. LC/L. 3446.
[2] Campos, F., Kaminker, D., Otero, C. (2018). Principios de interoperabilidad en salud
y estándares. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires.
[3] Benson, T., & Grieve, G. (2016). In Principles of Health Interoperability. Springer,
Cham.
[4] Health Level Seven International (2018). Health Level Seven. Disponible en:
http://www.hl7.org/
[5] Health Level Seven International (2018). CDA Release 2. Disponible en:
http://www.hl7.org/implement/standards/product_brief.cfm?product_id=7
[6] Health Level Seven International (2018). Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources.
Disponible en: https://www.hl7.org/fhir/
[7] MAIS (2018). Marco Argentino de Interoperabilidad en Salud. Disponible en:
https://mais.org.ar/
[8] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). (1990). A Compilation of
IEEE Standard Computer Glossaries. IEEE Standard Computer Dictionary.
[9] Aspden, P., Corrigan, J. M., Wolcott, J., & Erickson, S. M. (Eds.). (2004). Patient
Safety: Achieving a New Standard for Care. National Academies Press.
[10] Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. (2017). HIMSS dictionary
of health information technology terms, acronyms, and organizations. CRC Press.
[11] Walker, J., Pan, E., Johnston, D., Adler-Milstein, J., Bates, D. W., & Middleton, B.
(2005). The Value Of Health Care Information Exchange And Interoperability: There is a business case to be made for spending money on a fully standardized nationwide system. Health affairs, 24(Suppl1), W5-10.
[12] Gibbons, P., Flewelling, T., Jepsen, T., Larson, J., Ritter, J., Selover, S., & Stanford,
J. (2007). Coming to terms: scoping interoperability for health care Health level seven EHR interoperability work group.
102 telecommunications standards institute.
[14] Whitman, L. E., & Panetto, H. (2006). The missing link: Culture and language barriers
to interoperability. Annual Reviews in Control, 30(2), 233-241.
[15] Halamka, J., Overhage, J. M., Ricciardi, L., Rishel, W., Shirky, C., & Diamond, C.
(2005). Exchanging health information: local distribution, national coordination. Health Affairs, 24(5), 1170-1179.
[16] Glaser, J. (2011). Interoperability: the key to breaking down information silos in health
care. Healthcare financial management: journal of the Healthcare Financial Management Association, 65(11), 44-6.
[17] Hammond, W. E., Bailey, C., Boucher, P., Spohr, M., & Whitaker, P. (2010).
Connecting information to improve health. Health Affairs, 29(2), 284-288.
[18] Gamache, R., Stevens, K. C., Merriwether, R., Dixon, B. E., & Grannis, S. (2010).
Development and assessment of a public health alert delivered through a community health information exchange. Online journal of public health informatics, 2(2).
[19] Lombardo, J. S., Garrett, N., Loschen, W., Seagraves, R., Nichols, B., & Babin, S.
(2009). An informatics solution for informing care delivery of immediate public health risks to their patients. Online journal of public health informatics, 1(1).
[20] Frisse, M. E., & Holmes, R. L. (2007). Estimated financial savings associated with
health information exchange and ambulatory care referral. Journal of biomedical informatics, 40(6), S27-S32.
[21] Hersh, W. (2008). Health and biomedical informatics: opportunities and challenges
for a twenty-first century profession and its education. Yearb Med Inform, 2008, 157-64.
[22] Alkraiji, A., Jackson, T., & Murray, I. (2013). Barriers to the widespread adoption of
health data standards: an exploratory qualitative study in tertiary healthcare organizations in Saudi Arabia. Journal of medical systems, 37(2), 9895.
[23] ISO, I. (2004). Guide 2–Standardization and related activities-General vocabulary.
Geneva: ISO.
103 https://www.iso.org/
[25] CEN (2018). European Committee for Standardization. Disponible en:
https://www.cen.eu/
[26] NEMA (2018). The Association of Electrical Equipment and Medical Imaging
Manufacturers. Disponible en: https://www.nema.org/
[27] WHO (2018). World Health Organization. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/ [28] SNOMED International (2018). SNOMED Internacional. Disponible en:
https://www.snomed.org/
[29] Regenstrief Institute, Inc. (2018). Regenstrief Institute. Disponible en:
https://www.regenstrief.org/
[30] IHE International (2018). Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise. Disponible en:
https://www.ihe.net/
[31] Chávez, E., Krishnan, P., & Finnie, G. (2009). A taxonomy of e-health standards to
assist system developers. In Information Systems Development (pp. 737-745). Springer, Boston, MA.
[32] Kotze, P., Foster, R., Van Greunen, D., & Adebesin, F. (2013). A review of
interoperability standards in e-Health and imperatives for their adoption in Africa. South African Computer Journal, 50(1), 55-72.
[33] Bray, T., Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, C. M., Maler, E., & Yergeau, F. (1997).
Extensible markup language (XML). World Wide Web Journal, 2(4), 27-66.
[34] Crockford, D. (2006). The application/json media type for javascript object notation
(json) (No. RFC 4627).
[35] Pianykh, O. S. (2009). Digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM): a
practical introduction and survival guide. Springer Science & Business Media.
[36] World Health Organization (2004). International statistical classification of diseases
and related health problems (Vol. 1). World Health Organization.
[37] Regenstrief Institute, Inc. (2018). LOINC. Disponible en: https://loinc.org/
[38] Dolin, R. H., Alschuler, L., Boyer, S., Beebe, C., Behlen, F. M., Biron, P. V., & Shabo,
104 Medical Informatics Association, 13(1), 30-39.
[39] Beale, T., Heard, S., Kalra, D., & Lloyd, D. (2006). OpenEHR architecture overview.
The OpenEHR Foundation.
[40] Seliger, R. (2001). Clinical Context Object Workgroup-Overview of HL7's CCOW
Standard.
[41] Zimmermann, H. (1980). OSI reference model--The ISO model of architecture for
open systems interconnection. IEEE Transactions on communications, 28(4), 425-432.
[42] Alvestrand, H. T. (2001). Tags for the Identification of Languages.
[43] Richardson, L., & Ruby, S. (2008). RESTful web services. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". [44] Gao, S., Sperberg-McQueen, C. M., Thompson, H. S., Mendelsohn, N., Beech, D., &
Maloney, M. (2009). W3C XML schema definition language (XSD) 1.1 part 1: Structures. W3C candidate recommendation, 30(7.2), 16.
[45] Hardt, D. (2012). The OAuth 2.0 authorization framework (No. RFC 6749).
[46] Asociación Civil HL7 Argentina (2016). HL7 Argentina. Disponible en:
http://www.hl7.org.ar/
[47] FreeMED Software Foundation (2018). FreeMED. Disponible en:
http://freemedsoftware.org/
[48] GNU Solidario (2018). GNU Health. Disponible en: http://gnuhealth.org/ [49] OEMR (2018). OpenEMR. Disponible en: https://www.open-emr.org/ [50] OpenMRS Inc. (2018). OpenMRS. Disponible en: https://openmrs.org/
[51] Syzdykova, A., Malta, A., Zolfo, M., Diro, E., & Oliveira, J. L. (2017). Open-Source
Electronic Health Record Systems for Low-Resource Settings: Systematic Review. JMIR medical informatics, 5(4).
[52] Zaidan, A. A., Zaidan, B. B., Al-Haiqi, A., Kiah, M. L. M., Hussain, M., & Abdulnabi,
M. (2015). Evaluation and selection of open-source EMR software packages based on integrated AHP and TOPSIS. Journal of biomedical informatics, 53, 390- 404.
105
Enabling better interoperability for healthcare: lessons in developing a standards based application programing interface for electronic medical record systems. Journal of medical systems, 39(11), 182.
[54] Renly, S., Altamore, R., Nelson, L., Orlova, A., Patterson, K., Quaynor, S., ... &
Timm, J. (2012). A new model for collaboration: building CDA documents in MDHT. In AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings (Vol. 2012, p. 763). American Medical Informatics Association.
[55] Bahmni Coalition (2018). BahmniTM Open Source EMR | ThoughtWorks. Disponible
en: https://www.bahmni.org/
[56] LibreHealth (2018). LibreHealth. Disponible en: https://librehealth.io/
[57] Arnold, K., Gosling, J., & Holmes, D. (2005). The Java programming language.
Addison Wesley Professional.
[58] Dziadosz, R. (2017). Liquibase: Version Control for Database Schema.
[59] Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates (2018). MySQL. Disponible en:
https://www.mysql.com/
[60] Pivotal Software, Inc. (2018). Spring. Disponible en: https://spring.io/
[61] Kiczales, G., Lamping, J., Mendhekar, A., Maeda, C., Lopes, C., Loingtier, J. M., &
Irwin, J. (1997, June). Aspect-oriented programming. In European conference on object-oriented programming (pp. 220-242). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
[62] Prasanna, D. R. (2009). Dependency injection. Manning Publications Co.. [63] Salkosuo, S. (2008). DWR Java Ajax Applications. Packt Publishing Ltd. [64] Garrett, J. J. (2005). Ajax: A new approach to web applications.
[65] Delisle, P., Luehe, J., & Roth, M. (2006). JavaServer Pages™ Specification. [66] The jQuery Foundation (2018). Jquery. Disponible en: https://jquery.com/ [67] Flanagan, D. (2006). JavaScript: the definitive guide. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.".
[68] Bauer, C., & King, G. (2005). Hibernate in action (Vol. 4). Greenwich CT: Manning. [69] Red Hat Developers (2018). Hibernate. Disponible en: http://hibernate.org/
106
interface paradigm in the smalltalk-80 system. Journal of object oriented programming, 1(3), 26-49.
[71] Ladd, S., Davison, D., Devijver, S., Yates, C., Harrop, R., & Donald, K. (2006). Expert
Spring MVC and Web Flow (Vol. 1). Berkeley, CA: Apress.
[72] Masse, M. (2011). REST API design rulebook: designing consistent RESTful web
service interfaces. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.".
[73] University Health Network (2018). HAPI FHIR. Disponible en: http://hapifhir.io/ [74] SmartBear Software (2018). Swagger. Disponible en: https://swagger.io/
[75] Van Kesteren, A. (2010). Cross-origin resource sharing. W3C Working Draft WD-
cors-20100727, latest version available at< http://www. w3. org/TR/cors.
[76] Health Level Seven International (2018). FHIR Documents. Disponible en:
https://www.hl7.org/fhir/documents.html
[77] Marco Argentino de Interoperabilidad en Salud (2018). Ejemplos xml o json con
107
Anexo A
Anexo A
El presente anexo presenta la relación entre el artefacto análisis de información, adjunto a la guía de implementación del MAIS y el modelo de datos de OpenMRS.
Análisis de información
Esta sección describe el mapeo realizado entre el vocabulario definido en el artefacto análisis de información y el modelo de datos OpenMRS, detallando a cada registro que campo de que tabla de la base de datos corresponde.
Algunas consideraciones a tener en cuenta:
● Los registros de las columnas “Path en Documento” comienzan con “/ClinicalDocument” pero se omite por razones de espacio en las todas las tablas.
● En los casos que sean constantes idénticas a todos los documentos generados, en la columna tabla se informa como constante y en la columna campo se informa el nombre de la misma.
108
General
Análisis de información general que aplica a todos los tipos de documento.
109
Tipos de documento
Análisis de información específico de cada uno de los tipos de documento.
Epicrisis
110
Protocolo quirúrgico
111
Historia clínica de ingreso
Evolución / Interconsulta
Hoja de indicaciones
Tabla 8: análisis de información del documento clínico historia clínica de ingresos
Tabla 9: análisis de información del documento clínico evolución / interconsulta
112
Hoja de enfermería
Informe clínico de preadmisión
Tabla 11: análisis de información del documento clínico hoja de enfermería
113
Informe estudio de AP
114
Protocolo de anestesia
115
Consentimiento informado
Informe estudio de laboratorio
Tabla 15: análisis de información del documento clínico consentimiento informado
116
Protocolo de procedimientos
117
Informe estudio de imágenes
Informe atención prehospitalaria
Tabla 18: análisis de información del documento clínico informe estudio de imágenes
118
Anexo B
Anexo B
A continuación se muestra el contenido XML de un documento clínico de tipo interconsulta generado por el módulo de documentos clínicos desarrollado.