To create equitable adaptation policies it is not sufficient to simply understand that there exist a large number of lived values in Lakes Entrance; it is also necessary to understand who holds particular lived values and the degree to which particular adaptation policies may impact on different segments of the community depending on
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McLoughlins Beach, and Manns Beach, can help to make adaptation policies more equitable.
Figure 5. Proportion of Lakes Entrance survey respondents in each of the eight groups of residents. Proportion represented by the diameter.
We believe that there are likely to be at least four groups missing due to the sample of people who responded to the survey. We believe these groups are likely to include: the young, second home owners, visitors, and indigenous residents.
There were six lived values that were statistically significantly different across the eight groups of Lakes Entrance residents. These were: peacefulness; financial security; feeling like a well-respected member of the community; sense of belonging; being close to family; and a unique place for children to grow up. For each group of residents a radar graph is presented that records the proportion of each group that values each of the eleven values as ‘very important’.
Place-attached, family-focused residents Active work-life balancers Reclusive pink collar workers Community- minded entrepreneurs 13% 12% 7% 13% Socially- networked seachangers Retired, community-oriented seachangers Retirees Pensioners and the unemployed 17% 17% 10% 12%
PLACE-ATTACHED, FAMILY-FOCUSED RESIDENTS. This group was the youngest overall. All members of this group had lived in Lakes Entrance all their lives or had an existing family connection to the area before they moved to Lakes Entrance, hence they were considered to be “place-attached”. The articulated lived values of particular importance to this group pertained to being close to their families and raising children (Figure 6). This was reflected in both the lived values that they rated as very important as well as their key frustrations—limited entertainment options and limited activities for youth. They also kept to themselves, being much more likely to interact with other members of their family than neighbours, or than with community organisations or other members of the community.
Figure 6. Proportion of Place-Attached, Family-Focused Residents that rate six lived values as being very important to them – Lakes Entrance.
A cul-de-sac in suburban Lakes Entrance: Place- Attached, Family Focused Residents highly value Lakes Entrance as a 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%Peacefulness Financial security
Feeling like a well- respected member of
the community Sense of belonging
Being close to family A unique place for children to grow up
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ACTIVE WORK-LIFE BALANCERS. The members of this group had the highest incomes. All Active Work-Life Balancers were engaged in full- or part-time work and almost all had a long-term family connection to the area. This group was considered to be ‘active’ because they participated in a range of activities more frequently than the other groups. They were also the most likely to belong to at least one community organisation, indicating that they are not only physically active but socially active too. The articulated and enacted lived values at risk that were very important to this group reflected work, financial security, recreation and community engagement (Figure 7). Family was also very important to this group; they interacted with family members the most frequently of all the groups. Their concern for recreation and family was also reflected in their frustrations; more than half of the group identified that limited entertainment options and activities for youth were things that frustrate them about living in Lakes Entrance.
Figure 7. Proportion of Active Work-Life Balancers that rate six lived values as being very important to them – Lakes Entrance.
Walking along 90 Mile Beach: the Active Work-Life Balancers visited the beach more frequently than all the other groups of residents. 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%Peacefulness Financial security
Feeling like a well- respected member of
the community Sense of belonging
Being close to family A unique place for children to grow up
RECLUSIVE PINK COLLAR WORKERS. This group was the second youngest and had the second highest incomes. All the members of this group were working (full- or part-time) and all bar one had no long-term family connection to the area. This group was considered to be ‘pink collar’ because it was the group with the highest proportion of women (78.6%) and the highest proportion of members with TAFE or vocational certificates. This group was considered to be ‘reclusive’ because they were the most likely to report that they only had one or no close friends. They also reported seeing family less frequently then all the other groups and were the second least likely to be members of community organisations. This reclusiveness is also reflected in their lived values; they were the least likely to rate a ‘sense of belonging’ as being important to them (Figure 8).
Figure 8. Proportion of Reclusive Pink Collar Workers that rate six lived values as being very important to them – Lakes Entrance.
Land sale sign in Lakes Entrance: 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%Peacefulness Financial security
Feeling like a well- respected member of
the community Sense of belonging
Being close to family A unique place for children to grow up
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COMMUNITY-MINDED ENTREPRENEURS. Almost all of the members of this group were employed in full- or part-time work. This group was considered to be ‘entrepreneurs’ because it had the highest proportion of business owners. This group was considered to be ‘community-minded’ because almost all were members of at least one community organisation and because four-fifths (80.8%) were members of at least two community organisations. In addition, the lived values of this group indicate that being a valued community member was important to them; this group rated ‘feeling like a well- respected member of the community’ more highly than almost all the other groups (Figure 9).
Figure 9. Proportion of Community-Minded Entrepreneurs that rate six lived values as being very important to them – Lakes Entrance.
The welcome sign to Lakes Entrance with logos
representing the various
community-groups based in the town: Community- Minded
Entrepreneurs were the most likely to be members of at least two community organisations. 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%Peacefulness Financial security
Feeling like a well- respected member of
the community Sense of belonging
Being close to family A unique place for children to grow up
SOCIALLY-NETWORKED SEACHANGERS. Almost all of the members of this group have a long-term connection to the area and have moved to Lakes Entrance from a capital city, making them a particular type of seachanger. This group has the second highest proportion of women (75.8%) of any of the groups. The significance of this group being seachangers from the city is reflected in their lived values; this group valued peacefulness more highly than the other groups. These seachangers are carers, workers and retirees. The group is considered to be ‘socially networked’ because: almost all indicated that they have at least a few close friends; almost all are members of at least one community organisation; they interact with neighbours more frequently than all the other groups; they interact with other members of the community more than almost all the other groups; and they place more value on a sense of belonging than the other groups (Figure 10).
Figure 10. Proportion of Socially-Networked Seachangers that rate six lived values as being very important to them – Lakes Entrance.
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%Peacefulness Financial security
Feeling like a well- respected member of
the community Sense of belonging
Being close to family A unique place for children to grow up
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RETIRED, COMMUNITY-ORIENTED SEACHANGERS. This group was the oldest and had the second lowest incomes5. This group was considered to be ‘retired’ because almost all of the members were retired or semi-retired. It was considered to be a group of ‘seachangers’ because almost all the members of this group have moved from capital cities and did not have a long-term family connection to the area. The group members were considered to be ‘community-oriented’ because almost all the group were members of at least one community organisation and interacted with the members of these organisations most frequently of all the groups. They also rated ‘sense of belonging’ as being more important than almost all the other groups (Figure 11). This group went out for meals and coffees more frequently than all other groups.
Figure 11. Proportion of Retired, Community-Oriented Seachangers that rate six lived values as being very important to them – Lakes Entrance.
The main differences between the two groups of seachangers pertain to employment status, connection to the area, age, and the groups of people they socialise with. These differences have implications for lived values. Socially-Networked Seachangers were more likely to rank family-related values as being important whereas Retired, Community-Oriented Seachangers were more likely to rate interactions with others more highly.
Lions Park Lakes Entrance: most Retired, Community- Oriented Seachangers were members of at least one community group.
5 Note that in our survey we asked about gross weekly household income not superannuation income or housing assets. Thus while this group is income-poor it may be asset rich (Bradbury, 2010).
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%Peacefulness Financial security
Feeling like a well- respected member of
the community Sense of belonging
Being close to family A unique place for children to grow up
REGIONAL RETIREES. This group was the second oldest. All members were over 55 years of age and were retired or semi-retired. A large proportion of this group lived as couples. This group was considered to be ‘regional’ retirees because only a small proportion of the group had moved from a capital city and everyone had a long-term family connection to the area. Like the Reclusive Pink Collar Workers, this group was unlikely to rate a suite of lived values as being ‘very important’ to them (Figure 12). They were also the least likely to be frustrated by the lack of entertainment options and the second least concerned about limited activities for youth.
Figure 12. Proportion of Regional Retirees that rate six lived values as very important to them – Lakes Entrance.
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%Peacefulness Financial security
Feeling like a well- respected member of
the community Sense of belonging
Being close to family A unique place for children to grow up
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PENSIONERS AND THE UNEMPLOYED. This group was the poorest and had the lowest levels of educational attainment. All members of this group were either retired or unemployed. Given the low income levels, it is believed that the retirees in this group were more likely to be on the pension or welfare; hence, this group was given the title of ‘pensioners and the unemployed’. Almost all of the members of this group had no long-term family connection to the area and none of them had moved from capital cities. In line with the low incomes of this group, the members were the least likely to go out for a coffee and were among the least likely to go out for a meal. They were also the second least concerned about the lack of entertainment options and were the least likely to rate financial security as being highly important to them. There were no lived values that this group rated as more important than all the other groups (Figure 13).
Figure 13. Proportion of Pensioners and the Unemployed that rate six lived values as being very important to them – Lakes Entrance.
Sign prohibiting a range of activities in Cunninghame Arm behind Ninety Mile Beach: there were few activities that Pensioners and the Unemployed engaged in on a regular basis. 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%Peacefulness Financial security
Feeling like a well- respected member of
the community Sense of belonging
Being close to family A unique place for children to grow up