limited transfers of capabilities
4. PROCEDURES AND INSTITUTIONS
4.1. Procedures and institutions: CFSP
4.1.1. Decision-making rules: the perennial controversy on QMV Despite intensive controversy in and around the Convention and to a lesser
4.1.2.2. The Union minister of foreign aff airs: high on expectations – low on power
The Pile Cap Job group allows you to specify pile arrangement for each pile cap and design parameters and is only active for pile cap job types.
The Pile Cap Job group contains the following elements:
Name Description
Design Param-eters
Opens the Design Parameters form in the Data Input pane, which is used to input standard design control parameters for use in designing pile caps.
Pile Layout (Predefined)
Opens the Pile Cap (Predefined) form in the Data Input pane, which is used to specify pile arrangement for a pile cap using a set of predefined pile layout. Using the predefined layouts, the program can automatically choose the best possible pile arrangement.
Pile Layout (Parametric)
Opens the Pile Cap (Parametric) formin the data input pane, which is used to specify pile arrangement for a pile cap by specifying a rectangular or circular pile arrangement.
Design Initiates the design of the current pile cap job. A dialog opens to confirm you wish to proceed.
Pile Cap group items
Design Parameters form (Pile Cap)
Used to input standard design control parameters for use in designing pile caps.
Opens when Pile Cap Job > Design Parameters is selected in the Main Navigator pane.
Strength of Concrete
Specify the ultimate strength of the concrete (f'
c), in the selected units.
Unit Weight of Concrete
Specify a density to be used for concrete (w
C), in the selected units.
Yield Strength of Steel
Specify the yield strength of steel reinforcing bars (f
y), in the selected units.
Side Cover (Cs)
Specify a concrete clear cover distance to be used for the sides of the pile cap reinforcement, in the selected units.
Bottom Clear Cover (Cb)
Specify a concrete clear cover distance to be used for the bottom-most layer of pile cap reinforcement above the piles, in the selected units.
Pile in Pile Cap (Cp)
The distance from the bottom of the pile cap to the top of the piles, in the selected units.
Initial Thickness
The minimum thickness used in design, in the selected units.
Minimum / Maximum Bar Spacing
Specify the minimum and maximum distances to be allowed between reinforcing bars, in the selected units.
Set as Default
Select Yes to have the current parameter values set as the defaults for new Pile Cap: Design Parameters.
Pile Layout (Predefined) form (Pile Cap)
Used to specify pile arrangement for a pile cap using a set of predefined pile layout. Using the predefined layouts, the program can automatically choose the best possible pile arrangement.
Opens when Pile Cap Job > Design Parameters > Concrete and Rebar is selected in the Main Navigator pane.
Pile Arrangement for Support
Select a support from the current job for which you would like to input pile arrangement.
Pile Capacity
The Pile Capacity group box allows you to input the forces that a pile is meant to bear.
Unit
Select the force unit used for Pile Capacity parameters.
Lateral
Specify the lateral force a pile is meant to bear.
Vertical
Specify the vertical force a pile is meant to bear.
Uplift
Specify the uplifting force a pile is meant to bear.
Pile Dia
Diameter of a pile, in the selected units.
Spacing
Spacing between piles, in the selected units.
Edge Distance
Distance between the edges of the pile cap and edge piles, in the selected units.
Show Loading on Support
Opens the Load Table for Support <#> dialog, which displays the total loading on the support for each load case selected under Support for Pile Arrangement.
Pile Arrangement Type
Select to have the program generate an Auto Arrangement list or to specify a Manual Arrangement in the pile arrangement table. The Pile Arrangement Type group box allows you to input the coordinates for a pile arrangement or have STAAD.foundation calculate a pile arrangement automatically.
Auto Arrangement
The Auto Arrangement radio option allows you to have STAAD.foundation calculate the pile arrangement.
Manual Arrangement pile arrangement table
This table displays the plan distances from the center of the column (at local origin) to the center of each pile. When the Manual Arrangement
option is selected, each pile location must be manually entered. If the Auto Arrangement is selected, the table displays the local pile coor-dinates for the selected arrangement.
Calculate
When Auto Arrangement has been selected, this button opens the Predefined Pile Arrangement dialog, which is used to select one of the predefined pile arrangements selected for the specified loads, pile geometry, and pile capacity. Pile arrangements correspond to the pile loads in all the load cases according to the BOCA standard.
Delete Selected Rows
Removes the selected rows from the pile arrangement table Select Arrangement
Assigns the current pile arrangement for the design of the pile cap.
Note: If you are using the predefined pile layout method, do not enter any values into the Pile Layout (Parametric) page. Simply click Finish.
Show Pile Reactions
Opens the Pile Reactions Table for Support <#> dialog for the selected support and pile arrangement.
Load Table for Support No <#> dialog
Displays the load vectors, by load case, for a selected support.
Opens when Show Loading on Support is clicked in the Pile Arrangement Predefined form.
Pile Layout (Parametric) form (Pile Cap)
Used to specify pile arrangement for a pile cap by specifying a rectangular or circular pile arrangement.
Opens when Mat Foundation Job > Default Properties is selected in the Main Navigator pane.
Note: If a circular arrangement is chosen, the program will design an octagonal pile cap.
Pile Arrangement for Support
Used to select a support from the current job for which you would like to
input pile arrangement.
Spacing selection
Select to use either a Row Spacing or Column spacing for Rectangular layout.
Pile Data
Used to input the forces that a pile is meant to bear.
Unit
The Unit drop-down list box allows you to select the force unit used for Pile Capacity and length unit used for spacing, diameter, edge distance etc.
Lateral
Specify the lateral capacity of a pile.
Vertical
Specify the vertical capacity of a pile.
Uplift
Specify the uplifting capacity of a pile.
Dia
Diameter of a pile.
Edge
The Edge Distance field allows you to specify the distance between the edges of a pile.
Arrangement Type
Pile arrangement can be either rectangular or circular. Pile cap having circular arrangement will be design as octagonal pile cap.
Rectangular arrangement needs following inputs,
l Number of Rows
l Number of Columns
l Row Spacing
l Column Spacing
By default program will create symmetric pile arrangement from the above input but user can change the default setup by editing the table below. Both row and column grid lines can be adjusted by selecting appropriate radio button.
Circular arrangement needs following inputs as shown below.
l Number of Piles – Total number of piles, excluding the center pile (if option is selected).
l Number of Layers – Number of concentric circles in the circular arrangement.
l Pile Spacing – Minimum spacing between piles
l Use Center Pile – Select this option to add a pile at center of pile arrangement.
By default, program will try to assign equal number of piles for all
concentric circular layers. The arrangement can be edited using the table below.
Create Pile Arrangement
Creates the pile layout and opens a dialog box to display the pile coordinates table and a figure.
Note: Pile coordinates in this table are editable.
Delete Row - Click to delete the current row from the pile coordinate table and figure.
Select Current Arrangement
Once a satisfactory pile layout has been found, click the Select Current Arrangement button to select and apply that layout.
The program will check the pile reaction against pile capacity to make sure pile reactions do not exceed pile capacity values.
Show Pile Reactions
The Show Pile Reactions button opens a table displaying the reaction on each pile. The figure below shows the pile reaction table.
spacing type and table
Once a pile arrangement is started, the table displays the spacing for each row, column, layer, or circumference; depending on what arrange-ment type and table spacing type is selected.
Designing a Pile Cap
To design a pile cap footing job 1. Select Pile Cap Job > Design.
or
Click the Design / Analysis tool in the Standard toolbar.
The Design Progress Report is displayed in the Output pane. When the design is complete, a summary of the design is displayed on the Pile Cap
Design Summary tab in the Output pane and the Calculation Sheet is opened to review the design calculations.
Note: After a successful analysis/design, you may wish to print the calculation sheet or create a report.