8-41. Civil security provides for the safety of the host nation and its population, including protection from internal and external threats. The BCT coordinates operations to restore order, halt violence and to support, reinstate, or create civil authority by establishing a safe, secure, and stable environment for the local populace
supporting the overall stability operation. (Refer ATP 3-07.5 for additional information.) Establishing civil security subtasks include the following:
z Enforce cessation of hostilities, peace agreements, and other arrangements.
z Determine disposition and composition of host-nation armed and intelligence services.
z Conduct disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
z Conduct border control, boundary security, and freedom of movement. z Support identification programs.
z Protect key personnel and facilities.
z Clear explosive and other hazards.
8-42. The BCT conducts operations that directly support subtasks: Enforce cessation of hostilities, peace agreements, and other arrangements; conduct border control, boundary security, and freedom of movement; support identification; protect key personnel, and facilities. The BCT has limited capability to support, determine disposition and composition of national armed and intelligence services; conduct disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration; and to clear explosives and other hazards.
I
NITIALR
ESPONSE8-43. During the initial response phase, the BCT often executes subordinate tasks because the host nation lacks the capability. BCT subordinate units occupy areas of operation in accordance with geographical, political, socio economic, task, or supported actor boundary considerations. Information collection activities will develop further understanding of boundaries requiring the BCT to shift unit assets and resources to better align with unified action partners to mitigate sources of instability. BCTs may be required to identify and segregate combatants and non-combatants, search them, safeguard them, and move them out of the immediate area of operation. The BCT commander establishes priorities for protection of civil and/or military personnel, facilities, installations, and key terrain within the area of operation and initiates the stability principles of conflict transformation, unity of effort, and building partner capacity during the initial response.
8-44. The BCT conducts operations that safeguard the local population and prevent factions or actors contributing to sources of instability. Ultimately, these operations convince rival factions and actors to secure their interests through negotiation and peaceful political processes rather than violence, intimidation, coercion, or corruption. BCT units must remain neutral during this period. Supporting one of more factions or leveraging one faction against another may contribute to instability. Perception from the local population must be that the US forces are neutral, and have the best interests of the population and are providing security to the area allowing further development to occur.
8-45. Identifying actors and their intentions during this phase through information collection allows the BCT to seize the initiative. The BCT commander and subordinate leaders must reach, through engagements, binding agreements or understandings with unified action partners to determine the best way to divide labor and deconflict efforts so that partners do not work at cross-purposes. Actor agendas or intents do not know or understand in their entirety during this phase. Military information support operations staff planners and intelligence staff sections develop indicators that commanders and leaders can clearly understand and identify to reveal actor agendas or intents. Information collection, with and without unified action partners, along with continuous assessment enables the commander’s understanding of unity of effort and unity of purpose. 8-46. A BCT does not directly build local security force elements during this phase unless directed to, and allocated the required resources. Local organizations, such as military, paramilitary, criminal, and rebels have combat capability and can be engaged to reach an understanding between one another. The BCT relies heavily on special operations forces during the early parts of initial response to support civil security specifically with building partner capacity with local security organizations. As an interim government is established, host-nation security forces will develop and partner with the BCT and operate under various accords based on METT-TC.
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RANSFORMATION8-47. In the transformation phase, host-nation security forces and, potentially, intergovernmental organization peacekeepers begin to contribute. The BCT focuses more on security force assistance,
particularly on the systems required to professionalize the host-nation security forces. The BCT continues in partnership with unified action partners according to the legitimate government binding agreements. Information collection will develop further understanding of boundaries requiring the BCT to shift unit assets and resources to better align with unified action partners to mitigate sources of instability. The BCT advises and assists the security force leadership empowering them to assume as much of the security effort as possible. 8-48. Host-nation security forces prominently work on security efforts so local populations do not perceive the BCT as an invading force, to resist. Host-nation security forces stay involved to promote the legitimacy of their government and progress with unified action partners. The BCT will assist host-nation security force information operations, sustainment in support of the host nation, protection and area security operations as needed.
8-49. As soon as possible, the BCT transfers host-nation infrastructure security to host-nation organizations. Host-nation military units may temporarily be committed to securing public infrastructure, but eventually police forces or dedicated security organizations conduct this function. The BCT continues coordination between unified action partners to help mediate any disagreements among them.
8-50. The BCT ensures host-nation forces act in accordance with respect to human rights; failure to do so undermines popular support for the host-nation government and can quickly revert conditions back to those experienced during the initial response phase. Partnered security operations that place the host-nation forces in the lead or independent of the BCT that result in combating instability are the most credible to the population and build legitimacy of government through ownership.
8-51. Initially the BCT may simply be a support apparatus or, contrastingly, may make most security related decisions and perform most tasks. Nevertheless, host-nation actors support and increasingly take ownership in such matters. The BCT develops clear measures of performance and measures of effectiveness leading to the security efforts shifting from the BCT as the lead to the host-nation forces in the lead. The BCT develops indicators of the host-nation unit’s actions and conduct as well as the local population sentiment that their units can identify while conducting partnered actions.
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OSTERINGS
USTAINABILITY8-52. In the fostering sustainability phase, the BCT transitions to a steady state posture focused on advisory duties and security cooperation. The BCT commander implements additional peace measures depending upon further negotiations. During this phase, the BCT enables the host nation to sustain the peace.