La vivienda progresiva popular en Cuba

DATE ' 12-81

• - ; TABLE 1"* ,_-

A V e I'" a q s Jj d u r s S p e n t F' e r Day In ViJJZ.i..9.y s L-.QSi.e i 1911 Js..._ JiV.._ A d u 1_ .1: j; In ";^ ii_]J^S_^_Cities *

Locat i on Ell!.B.1.2V.sd tlftn. EfnP.l..y.YS.y y.Q.!l!En. d-y.y.sgw_ijv;.tya At home 13.4 (55.8)* 15.4 (64.2) 20.5 (85.4) At work 6.7 (27.9) 5.2 (21.7) - (0) In transit 1.6 (6.7) 1.3 (5.4) 1.0 (4.2)

Outside \ 0.7 (2.9) 0.3 (1.3) 0.4 (1.7)

Inside other structures 1.6 (6.7) 1.8 (7.5) 2.1 (8.8) "*adapted from (1) . "Percentage of 24 h.

109 Table 2-

riB !"ͣ'!'ͣ X nc 1 pa.I. J. ridoor f-'tjl 1 utan

Respirable particles

NO, NO-, ., ;

GO •ͣ

C0::> ;. " '

Infectious, allergenic, irritating biological materials

Formaldehyde

Radon and radon daughters

Volatile organic compounds:

Benzene, styrene, tetrachloroethylene; dichlorobenzene; methylene chloride; chloroform

Semivolatile organics:

Chlorinated hydrocarbons, DDT, heptachlor, chlordane Semivolatile organics: polycyclic compounds

benzo (a)pyrene, polychlorinated biphenols Asbestos

TABLE 3-' 3i'jr r- s s r HB '1 u 1 bacteria Bacti Cell V o1um e (microns-'') Nucleus Cyt oplasmic membrane Cell wall Metabolism Yeast: 20-50

Molds: Not definable because of indefinite

shape and size Eukaryotic

Sterols present

Glucans; mannans;

chitin, glucan- and mannan-protein com¬ plexes No muramic acid peptides, teichoic acids, or diamino- pimelic acid Heterotrophic, aerobic, facultative anaerobes; no known autotrophs or obligate anaerobes 1-5 Prokaryotic Sterols absent

(except for Myco¬ plasma grown on

sterols)

Muramic acid pep¬ tides; teichoic acids; some have diaminopimelic acid residues No chitin, glucans, or mannans Obligate and facultative aerobes and anaerobes; heterotrophic and autotrophic Sensitivity to chemothera- peutic agents

Sensitive to Often sensitive polyenes and griseo- to penicillins,

fulvin(dermatophytes) tetracycline, chlor-

not sensitive to sulfonamides, peni¬ cillins, tetracy¬ clines, chloram¬ phenicol, streptomy¬ cin phenicol, strepto¬

mycin . Are not sensitive to griseo- fulvin or polyenes Dimorphism A distinguishing feature of many spec i es Absent ''Adapted from (16)

Ill - . TABLE 4'» .;

Asexual Spores Formed by Fungi

Conidia This term is used sometimes

generically for all asexual spores, or sometimes more specifically for spores borne singly or in clusters along

sides or at tips of hyphae or of

specialized hyphal branches (conidio

-phores). Highly diversified in i shapes, size, color, and septation.

Large(usually multinuclear) and small (usually uninuclear) conidia are

called macroconidia and microconidia,

respectively.

Arthrospores Cylindrical cells formed by double

septation of hyphae. Individual

spores are released by fragmentation

of hyphae, i.e., by disjunction.

Blastospores Buds that arise from yeast and yeast

-like cells.

Chlamydospores Thick-walled, round spores formed from

terminal or intercalated hyphal cells.

Sporangiospores Spores within sac-like structures (sporangia) at ends of hyphae or of

special hyphal branches

(sporangiophores). Characteristically

formed by species of Phycomycetes.

TABLE 5' <:± I n D A 1 !' I i 1/7/86 1/17/86 1/21/86 3/27/87 4/2/87 4/16/87 4/23/87 \OCin) £E.y/m"'' 5/21/87 5/22/87 8/13/87 09 *170 09 010 194 09 109 106 76 112 (s)* 42 09 20 106 56 112(s) 28 09 358* 06 146 106 TNTC outdoor *353 affected building 106 310 06 141 outdoors 712 106 130 outdoors TNTC 105 131 outdoors 510 106 33

*Duplicate samples taken. If one plate had TNTC (too numerous to count) colonies, then only the other plate was reported.

"" <s) = sister building.

All plates had TNTC clolnies

"Average counts may represent sampling over different time periods . .,

113 Table 6

Que^;t i onnair e Results

Q. 12 .8 F" 1 Dor" 2 13 Complaint 12 control S. 0. B.* 8 Cough/sneeze 50 36 19 44 Eyes 31 30 17 25 Rash 22 6 9 17 Asthma 10 16 6 12.5 Allergy Hx 37.5 24 27 33 Family Hx 35 24 34 21 Work problem 39 39 13 18

"Results are expressed in percentages.

TABLE 7

£> !< i n ' r B B t R e is ui 1

i- .1. oor

irirouna

Total number tested Total number with work

related symptoms

Number with positive skin test to fungi

H L L..I!...' 1 l„ 5 5 3 C60%) 6 5 3 (50SS) !-1 r B x.

Total number tested Total number with work

related symptoms Number with positive

skin test to fungi

2 (40SS)

9 7

7 (78%)

Total number tested Total number with work

related symptoms

Number with positive

skin test to fungi

1 0 1 (100%) 9 3 4 (44%)

115

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#

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80

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ma Mvci HO

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nBS ͣ? ijr" d£~issSiuenr and sampiina nt sauroijnvi

in trie indoor environment. Ago .Incl J-ivcj.

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In document Vivienda progresiva como solución alternativa para la ciudad de La Habana (página 65-68)