DESCRIPCI ´ ON DEL MODELO
9.2. VIVIENDAS DE EMERGENCIA
6.1.9.1 Work must satisfy the requirement of relevant legislation, for example CDM. 6.1.9.2 Notification of the proposed works, in accordance with statutory or local
procedures, shall be given to the highways authority and other authorities owning structures or plant along the route of the pipeline.
6.1.9.3 Prior to the commencement of works, agreement should be reached with the highways authority and other persons who may be concerned with the programme of work. Methods of construction, access ways, traffic control, reinstatement specification and any special road signs should be considered. 6.1.9.4 Risk assessments covering all aspects of the work should be carried out.
6.2 SAFETY AND PROTECTION OF EXCAVATIONS
6.2.1 General
6.2.1.1 All works shall be carried out in a safe manner and due regard must be paid to appropriate safety legislation. In particular, work at or near railway crossings or other special hazards should be carried out in consultation with appropriate parties.
6.2.1.2 Road signs, warning lamps and barrier systems shall be provided to any operative required to work in a public highway or other work locations which are accessed by pedestrians or vehicles. These safety and protective systems shall be used to protect the operatives and the general public, particularly the blind, elderly and infirm. Types and specification of the items required must be in accordance with current regulations, issued by the appropriate highways or transport authorities. In GB, signing and guarding practice must conform to NRSWA and incorporate the Code of Practice on Safety at Street Works and Road Works, issued by the Department of Transport.
6.2.1.3 Traffic signals or warning lights should not be displayed in the vicinity of railways, airports or navigable waterways, without prior consultation with the appropriate authorities.
6.2.1.4 A certain amount of noise is inherent in all construction operations. The best practicable methods shall be employed to minimise noise emissions to levels acceptable to site personnel and to third parties and to comply with Regulations (see clause 4.2.15.1).
6.2.2 Site surveillance
Arrangements shall be made for periodic checks to ensure that any site remains safe and secure. Any inadequacies identified in this way, or through notification
by the public or other authorities, should be made good as soon as is practicable in order to ensure the continued safety of the public.
6.3 STORAGE AND HANDLING ON SITE
6.3.1 Steel and PE pipe fittings should be handled, transported and stored in accordance with IGEM/TD/1 Edition 5 Supplement 1 or IGEM/G/8, as appropriate.
Note: The incorrect handling of loads causes large numbers of injuries and can result in pain, lost time and, on occasions, permanent disablement. In GB, The Manual Handling Operations Regulations apply to any manual handling operations which may cause injury at work. Those operations are identified by the risk assessment carried out under the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations. They include not only the lifting of loads, but also lowering, pushing, pulling, carrying or moving them, whether by hand or other bodily force. Manual Handling Assessment Charts (MHACs) are available from HSE. MHAC is a tool, which covers the initial assessment of manual handling tasks.
6.3.2 Steps shall be taken to avoid damage to pipes, fittings, valves, etc. In particular, valves should be left in the open position and water/contaminants prevented from entering the valves.
6.4 EXCAVATION
6.4.1 Care of other services and safety of operatives
6.4.1.1 The requirements of approved safety practices and procedures, for example HSG47, shall be complied with where excavation and construction work is anticipated near to other underground services.
6.4.1.2 In GB, under NRSWA, all operatives working in the highway must have been suitably trained and accredited for the type of activity undertaken.
6.4.1.3 Prior consultation should take place with other utilities, so that adequate measures for protection of their plant can be agreed.
6.4.1.4 Site operatives shall be provided with all available information on the position and location of all plant determined from the initial site survey. This should be compared with the result of site surveys produced by a plant location instrument capable of locating buried cables and pipe systems. Where discrepancies occur or where other utilities’ apparatus is likely to be affected, investigation should proceed by hand-excavated trial holes.
6.4.2 Trial holes
6.4.2.1 Trial holes should be opened in advance of trench excavations to prove the proposed route. They should be excavated to a depth of at least 250 mm below the proposed pipe bed, to ensure that there is no existing apparatus close to and/or below the proposed bed of the pipe.
6.4.2.2 The depth, position and size of any obstacle should be recorded and the route of the pipeline modified if necessary.
6.4.2.3 The general public shall be safeguarded from open trial holes, by placing suitable barriers around the excavations and/or covering with suitable, anchored, plates.
6.4.3 Site precautions
6.4.3.1 Underground equipment shall not be disturbed or altered, in level or alignment, without the prior consent and approval of the owner or authority concerned.
6.4.3.2 Electricity cables shall be treated as “live”, unless the owner certifies them as “dead”.
6.4.3.3 Adequate provision shall be made for the effective temporary support of pipes, cables and other apparatus during the progress of the work and for their permanent support where the ground has been disturbed. Any damage to equipment shall be reported immediately, even where this damage may appear superficial, as unrepaired damages can often lead to premature failure of apparatus.
6.4.3.4 Where it is necessary to cross or run close to any other apparatus, sufficient clearance should be left to enable future repairs to be made.
Note: A minimum clearance of 250 mm is recommended.
6.4.3.5 Care shall be taken to prevent other utilities’ apparatus, not exposed but adjacent to deep excavation, being affected by ground movement, particularly when moving trench supports.
6.4.3.6 Care shall be taken to prevent contact or arcing between cranes or other plant and overhead electricity or telecommunication cables, to prevent the risks of both damage and electric shock to personnel. “Goal posts” should be provided either side of the line of overhead apparatus, to indicate its position. Precautions advised in HSE GN GS6 should be applied.
6.4.3.7 Pipes should not be stacked near overhead power lines. 6.4.4 Gradient and level
Where there is a risk or possibility of water or other liquids entering or being deposited in the pipeline system, arrangements should be considered for the collection and removal of such liquids. Syphons or dip pipes (see Sub-Section 6.10) should be installed at any low point on the route of the pipeline and the pipeline should be laid to a fall of at least 1 in 200 each side of the low point. 6.4.5 Depth of cover and locatability in the future
6.4.5.1 Minimum depths of cover should be as given in Table 7 and, as far as practicable, the location of the pipelines should be as shown in Figure 4, relative to other plant.
Note: Information is provided in NJUG Volume 1.
Wherever the depth of cover cannot be achieved, a risk assessment shall be carried out to determine whether additional protection is required. The assessment shall include consideration of:
other services present and the likelihood of damage to the pipeline while working on the services
the likelihood of new services being added in the future
MOP of the pipeline.Note: Figure 3 shows commonly used forms of impact protection. LOCATION OF PIPELINE
MOP
2 bar > 2 7 bar >7 16 bar
Carriageways 0.75 m 0.75 m 1.1 m
Paved footways 0.6 m 0.6 m 1.1 m
Verges 0.75 m 0.75 m 1.1 m
Open fields and
agricultural land 1.1 m 1.1 m 1.1 m