WPeMatico

Previously, technical education and vocational training programmes were used to administer by a number of federal, provincial and private agencies, whereas after re- structuring of TVET system in the country, each province has established their own TVETA, except NWFP, where the res-structuring is under process. Similarly, at national level NAVTEC has been established for making policies to provide a national framework to the all concerned agencies. Each TEVTA is responsible to administer all TVET institutions working in their respective province. As far as apprenticeship training is concerned, it is presently in-effective due to cost effectiveness of the training. In lieu of Apprenticeship Training, the Ministry of Labour & Manpower established five (5) Skill Development Councils (SDCs) in all provincial headquarters and Islamabad for the training of the workers of the industry. The SDCs assess the training needs of their geographical areas, prioritize them on the basis of market demand and facilitate training of workers through training provision in the public and private sectors.

The enrolment in TEVT institutions is 105,000 which corresponds to only 1.4 percent of numbers in age group 14-15, with another 115,000 engaged in tertiary level diploma

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and certificate programmes, compared with over 326,000 enrolled in programmes for BachĞůŽƌ͛Ɛ ĂŶĚ ĂďŽǀĞ ;source: the State of Education in Pakistan, 2004, Ministry of Education).

During the interviews and discussion, one aspect that the technical and vocational courses need to cover a very extensive range of options, e.g., Business and Secretarial Skills, Computer Studies, Computer Animation, Construction, Art Craft and Design, Multi-Media Production, Child-care and Community Care, Sport and Leisure, Tourism, Hotel and Catering, Horticulture, and Information Technology, etc.

4.2 CONCLUSIONS

3 There is a dire need of spreading of technical and vocational education in Pakistan to boost economy and to take care of un-employment.

4 The available options of TVE are working poorly in the province except DAE which is satisfactory.

5 There are options available for technical and vocational education but they need through improvement.

6 The available options for TVE need integration and interlinking.

7 Industry involvement is missing in various options except in Punjab where customized training for industry is also available.

8 Vocational curriculum non requires updating and DAE curricula need revision as well.

9 There is a need to have a National Qualification Framework.

4.3 RECOMMENDATIONS

Following are the recommendations in light of the study report:

4.3.1 At the Class Room level

10 The class room instructions should be guided by curriculum. 11 The class room learning time must be used effectively.

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12 Due attention must be given to practicals (hands-on-training or OJT) as per the curriculum.

4.3.2 At the Institution level

13 Strong leadership should be provided for TVET instructional programmes. 14 The instructors must check students͛ progress frequently.

15 There must be professional development of staff programmes on regular basis. 4.3.3 At the Provincial level

16 The Province-wise curriculum should be updated and revised on regular basis. 17 The good governance of Institutions must be maintained.

18 There should be Interlinking between different vocational & training courses. 19 There should be legislation to involve industry in all types of TVET programmes. 20 There should be R&D Departments for finding & assessing skill need &

requirement of the Industry. 4.3.4 At National level

21 The GOP should allocate more funds for TVET in Federal budget.

22 The DAE curricula should be revised and updated by all the provincial technical boards with a financial assistance from NAVTEC. There should be some permanent mechanism to revise the DAE curricula on regular basis.

23 The Committee of Chairmen and Directors of Technical Education (CCDTE) may be re-notified in the light of the changes in the provinces as well as at national level.

24 A National Qualification Framework should be developed.

25 A National Policy on Technical & Vocational Education should be announced on top priority basis.

26 From rigid education system to flexible horizontally and vertically entry system should be introduced in the country.

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Appendix-1

PROVINCE/AREA-WISE TEVT DATA