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(Terra Flava Usta) Standard daily dosage: 15-60g

No toxicity or interaction information listed in the sources

Sheng Di, Sheng Di Huang

(uncooked Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) Standard daily dosage: 9-30g

AH: Contraindicated in patients with diarrhea or lack of appetite B & G : Contraindicated in pregnant women with anemias or digestive weakness C&C: Contains potassium. Could possibly cause hyperkalemia when used with potassium-sparing diuretics.

PDR: No health risks or side effects are known in conjunction with the proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages.

E Jiao

(Gelatinum Corii Asini, donkey skin glue) Standard daily dosage: 3-15g

B&G: According to some traditional sources, counteracts Da Huang (Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei).

Bai Zhu

(Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae) Standard daily dosage: 4.5-9g

B&G: When rats were fed 0.5g/kg of this medicinal for two months, they developed a mild lymphopenia and anemia but suffered no damage to the brain, heart, or liver.

Gan Cao

(Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis, licorice root) Standard daily dosage: 2-12g

AH: Do not use during pregnancy. (This medicinal is routinely used in Chinese medical gynecology during pregnancy as part of formulas appropriately prescribed on the basis of pattern discrimination.) As a single herb in high doses, it is contraindicated in diabetes, hypertension, and liver disorders. Not for long-term use.

B R: May increase toxicity of cardiac glycosides. May increase potassium loss due to diuretics and laxatives. Possible additive effect to corticosteroids. May be synergistic with insulin in causing hypokalemia and sodium retention. B & G : According to some traditional sources, incompatible with Gan Sui (Radix Euphorbiae Kansui), Yuan Hua (Flos Daphnes Genkwae), and

Yuan Zhi (Radix Polygalae Tenuifoliae). If taken long-term, it may cause

hypertension and/or edema. Contains glycyrrhetinic acid which could possibly cause a reduction in thyroid activity and basal metabolic rate. The research on Gan Cao concurs that this medicinal is generally safe when used in small amounts as an envoy. It should not be taken long-term or as a single herb during pregnancy. When used as a single medicinal or in patients taking other potent Western pharmaceuticals, caution should be exercised to guard against potential toxicity and drug interaction.

Fu Zi, Shu Fu Zi, Fu Pian

(Radix Lateralis Praeparatus Aconiti Carmichaeli, wolfsbane, monkshood)

Standard daily dosage: 1.5-15g

AH: To be used only under the supervision of an expert qualified in the appropriate use of this substance.

B&G: Contraindicated during pregnancy. A very toxic medicinal which can be fatal if ingested in its uncooked form or in an inappropriate dose. It is generally combined with Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrhizae Uralensis) and Gan Jiang (dry Rhizoma Zingiberis Officinalis) in decoctions to reduce its toxicity. Symptoms of toxicity include drooling, gastric upset,

light-headedness, blurred vision, and numbness and tingling of the extremities. More severe symptoms include premature atrial contrac- tions, dyspnea, and reduced temperature and blood pressure. Emergency measures include the administration of atropine.

C&C: Contains alkaloids. Could possibly reduce the absorption and therapeutic effect of potassium and sodium iodides, sodium bicarbonate, aluminum hydroxide, and magnesium sulfate.

PDR: Contains nor-diterpene alkaloids, including aconitine. Highly toxic; small doses can be fatal.

GLW: If mild poisoning, there is a burning hot sensation in the mouth and on the tongue, numbness, and pain which gradually spreads to the four limbs and then to the whole body, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, heart palpitations, rapid breathing, vexation, agitation, restlessness, drooling. If more severe poisoning, there may be generalized sweating, paralysis, convulsions, urinary incontinence, dilated pupils, slowed reac- tion to light, slow heartbeat, arrhythmia, low blood pressure, a somber white facial complexion, reversal chilling of the four limbs, lowered body temperature, and circulatory collapse leading to death.

Huang Qin, Tiao Qin

(Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) Standard daily dosage: 6-15g

AH: Safe when used appropriately

B&G: According to some traditional sources, counteracts Dan Pi (Cortex Radicis Moutan) and Li Lu (Rhizoma Et Radix Veratri). C&C: Contains potassium and glycosides. Could possibly cause hyper- kalemia when used with potassium-sparing diuretics. Vitamin C, nico- tinic acid, glutamic acid, hydrochloric acid, and other highly acidic sub- stances could possibly reduce the therapeutic effect of this medicinal.

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Although this formula includes Huang Qin, it is not indicated for the treatment of heat pattern bleeding. In this case, Huang Qin is acting as a harmonizing agent to moderate the warmth and acridity of the other ingredients, especially Fu Zi. Today, Chi Shi Zhi (Hallyositum Rubrum) is commonly substituted for Fu Long Gan.

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(Network Vessel Quickening Miraculously Effective Elixir) Category: Blood-quickening

Functions: Quickens the blood and dispels stasis, frees the flow of the network vessels and stops pain

Chinese medical indications: Qi stagnation and blood stasis in the network vessels causing pain in various locations, such as the heart, stomach, abdomen, back, or arms and legs, bruising and swelling due to traumatic injury, a dark, purplish tongue or possible static macules or speckles, and a bowstring pulse Contraindications: Pregnancy

Western medical indications: Angina pectoris, cerebral throm- bosis, sciatica, pelvic inflammatory disease, arthritis, traumatic injury, and ectopic pregnancy

Potential formula toxicities & interactions: B&B: Not for use during pregnancy

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Dang Gui

(Radix Angelicae Sinensis) Standard daily dosage: 3-15g

AH: Do not use during pregnancy.(This medicinal is routinely used in

Chinese medical gynecology during pregnancy as part of formulas appropriately prescribed on the basis of pattern discrimination.)

B & G : Use with caution in patients with diarrhea or abdominal distention. C&C: Contains potassium. Could possibly cause hyperkalemia when used with potassium-sparing diuretics. May exaggerate the anticoagula- tive effect of warfarin (Coumadin).