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CONFERENCE COVERAGE: CONGRESS OF THE

INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON ARCHIVES, 1972

WILFRED I . SMITH D O M I N I O N ARCHIVIST

The s e v e n t h C o n g r e s s of t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o u n c i l on Ar- c h i v e s was h e l d i n Moscow August 2 1

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2 5 , 1972. Founded i n 1 9 4 8 , t h e I C A i l o l a s a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n g r e s s e v e r y f o u r y e a r s i n t h e c o u n t r y o f t h e incoming P r e s i d e n t , i n t h i s c a s e , G.A. B e l o v , D i r e c t o r o f t n e C e n t r a l A r c h i v e s o f U . S . S.R., who had been e l e c t e d Vice P r e s i d e n t , E a s t e r n Hemisphere a t t h e s i x t h C o n g r e s s i n Madrid i n 1968. S i n c e t h e p r o c e e d i n g s o f e a c h C o n g r e s s a r e p u b l i s i i e d i n Arcnivum, t h i s i s s i m p l y a n i n c o m p l e t e and p e r s o n a l a c c o u n t by o n e of t h e e i g h t Canadian a r c h i v i s t s who a t t e n d e d t h e Moscow C o n g r e s s .

Nost of t h e Canadian d e l e g a t i o n were on t h e same f l i g h t ( R o y a l Dutch A i r l i n e s ) l e a v i n g M o n t r e a l a t 7:30 p.m. on August 1 9 , w i t h a c h a n g e of p l a n e s i n Amsterdam and a s h o r t s t o p i n Warsaw b e f o r e a r r i v i n g a t Moscow a t 3:30 p.m., on Sunday, August 2 0 . Our f i r s t i m p r e s s i o n s were o f c o n f u s i o n ( l o n g s t r u g g l i n g q u e u e s t o h a v e p a s s p o r t s , v i s a s , f o r e i g n c u r r e n c y and baggage e x a m i n e d ) ; h e a t ( t h e t e m p e r a t u r e was s a i d t o b e 90 d e g r e e s a n d smoke from f o r e s t f i r e s n e a r Moscow p e r v a d e d t h e c i t y ) ; i n n u m e r a b l e p i e c e s o f p a p e r ( f o r i d e n t i f i c a t i o n , a s s i g n m e n t t o h o t e l s , t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , d e p o s i t of p a s s p o r t s , a s s i g n m e n t t o room, c u r r e n c y e x c h a n g e , i s s u e of meal t i c k e t s , c o n f i r m a t i o n o f t r a v e l a r r a n g e m e n t s ) and v a r i e t y s i n c e Moscow i s a m i x t u r e o f modern s k y s c r a p e r s and a n c i e n t c h u r c h e s , a n u l t r a modern m e t r o s y s t e m a n d p r i m i t i v e c a r t s , cheap c a v i a r and e x p e n s i v e m i l k , a n c i e n t s h a w l s and m i n i s k i r t s .

The C o n g r e s s was h e l d i n t h e huge T r a d e Union H a l l j u s t a r o u n d t h e c o r n e r from t h e B o l s h o i T h e a t r e . R e g i s t r a t i o n d e s k s were set up i n t h e basement where c o n f e r e n c e l i t e r a t u r e was i s s u e d , s i m u l t a n e o u s t r a n s l a t i o n k i t s p i c k e d u p , t o u r a r r a n g e m e n t s made, p o s t c a r d s and s o u v e n i r s p u r c h a s e d and p o s t e d . I t was a l w a y s pack- ed w i t h h u n d r e d s o f d e l e g a t e s s e e k i n g i n f o r m a t i o n i n many l a n g u a g e s A l a r g e c a f e t e r i a o n t h e main f l o o r was open a l l d a y and a l t h o u g n t h e b u i l d i n g was a i r - c o n d i t i o n e d t h e r e was a g r e a t demand f o r b e e r , lemonade, m i n e r a l w a t e r and t e a , a s w e l l a s c a v i a r apd s a l a m i sand- w i c h e s , e t c . The m e e t i n g s were h e l d i n t h e l a r g e and m a g n i f i c e n t

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H a l l of Columns which c o u l d s e a t a b o u t two t h o u s a n d p e o p l e and whose m a r b l e columns and e l a b o r a t e c h a n d e l i e r s were most s t r i k i n g .

August 2 1 was d e v o t e d t o r e g i s t r a t i o n and p r e - c o n f e r e n c e m e e t i n g s . I a t t e n d e d a m e e t i n g of t h e T a b l e Ronde, a n o r g a n i z a t i o n of t h e ICA which c o n s i s t s of n a t i o n a l a r c h i v i s t s o f t h e 100 o r s o member c o u n t r i e s and m e e t s a n n u a l l y . A p p r o x i m a t e l y 40 were p r e - s e n t . A new P r e s i d e n t ( B i l j a n of Y u g o s l a v i a ) and a new S e c r e t a r y

(Gut of F r a n c e ) were e l e c t e d r e p l a c i n g B r a i b a n t and B a u t i e r who had b e e n P r e s i d e n t and S e c r e t a r y r e s p e c t i v e l y s i n c e t h e T a b l e Ronde was founded. A c o m m i t t e e t o p r o p o s e r e f o r m t o t h e T a b l e Ronde was a p p o i n t e d , a r r a n g e m e n t s f o r t h e 1973 m e e t i n g i n Luxem- b o u r g were d i s c u s s e d and my i n v i t a t i o n f o r t h e T a b l e Ronde t o meet i n Ottawa i n 1974 was a c c e p t e d . I t w i l l b e t h e f i r s t m e e t i n g of t h e T a b l e Ronde o u t s i d e Europe. I n t h e a f t e r n o o n m e e t i n g s o f t h e m i c r o f i l m i n g , s i g i l l o g r a p h y and Archivum e d i t o r i a l committees were h e l d . B i l l W h e e l e r , PAC, r e p r e s e n t e d Canada on t h e m i c r o f i l m i n g committee.

On August 2 2 , t h e C o n g r e s s was o f f i c i a l l y opened i n t h e H a l l o f Columns a t 9:30. The f r o n t rows were r e s e r v e d f o r t h e two o f f i c i a l d e l e g a t e s of e a c h c o u n t r y , r e p r e s e n t i n g t h e n a t i o n a l a r - c h i v e s and t h e n a t i o n a l a r c h i v a l a s s o c i a t i o n . More t h a n 1200 had r e g i s t e r e d f o r t h e C o n g r e s s , t w i c e t h e number of t h o s e who a t t e n d e d t h e f i f t h C o n g r e s s i n B r u s s e l s and t h e s i x t h i n Madrid. They came from 64 d i f f e r e n t c o u n t r i e s . Those p r e s e n t w e r e from t h e U.S.S.R.

and 90% w e r e from Europe. A p p r o x i m a t e l y h a l f o f t h e non-European d e l e g a t e s came from t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s and Canada. Opening s p e e c h e s were made by Sanchez B e l d a , P r e s i d e n t , and by F.T. D o l g i k h , r e - p l a c i n g G.A. B e l o v , whose a b s e n c e was n e v e r e x p l a i n e d . A f t e r t h e b r i e f o p e n i n g c e r e m o n i e s t h e f i r s t r e g u l a r s e s s i o n on t h e program commenced.

The most i m p o r t a n t s p e a k e r i n t h e s e s s i o n s i s t h e r a p p o r t - e u r who, months i n a d v a n c e , h a s c i r c u l a t e d among a l l member coun- t r i e s e x t e n s i v e q u e s t i o n n a i r e s on t h e s u b j e c t o f h i s s e s s i o n . The r e t u r n s a r e a n a l y z e d and summarized i n t h e r e p o r t which h e g i v e s a t t h e b e g i n n i n g of t n e s e s s i o n . Then s h o r t s t a t e m e n t s on a s p e c t s o f t h e s u b j e c t a r e made by members of a p a n e l . F i n a l l y , t h e r e i s a p e r i o d f o r g e n e r a l d i s c u s s i o n o r , t o b e more p r e c i s e , a s e r i e s of f o r m a l " i n t e r v e n t i o n s " . Anyone who w i s h e s t o make a s t a t e m e n t on t h e s u b j e c t o f t h e s e s s i o n must s u b m i t h i s name i n a d v a n c e , and when n e i s c a l l e d by t h e Chairman h e must g i v e t h e t e x t o f h i s remarks t o a r e p o r t e r f o r t h e u s e of t h e t r a n s l a t o r s and l a t e r by t h e s t a f f of Archivum who p r e p a r e t h e p u b l i s h e d p r o c e e d i n g s . When t h e t i m e f o r t h e s e s s i o n h a s e l a p s e d s t a t e m e n t s may s t i l l b e handed i n f o r p u b l i c a t i o n .

The f i r s t s e s s i o n was on "The R e l a t i o n s between Government A r c h i v e s and A d m i n i s t r a t i v e ( i . e . , d e p a r t m e n t a l ) A r c h i v e s " . The r e p o r t e r was F.T. D o l g i k h . I was a member o f t h e p a n e l w i t h a r - c h i v i s t s from F r a n c e , t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , Hungary and Kenya.

At 3 p.m. t h e f i r s t s e s s i o n o f t h e G e n e r a l Assembly was h e l d f o r b u s i n e s s of t h e I C A . T h e r e was a r o l l c a l l by c o u n t r i e s ,

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f o l l o w e d by r e p o r t s by t h e T r e a s u r e r , t h e S e c r e t a r i a t , e a c h r e - g i o n a l b r a n c h , Archivum and t h e v a r i o u s c o m m i t t e e s . I g a v e a b r i e f r e p o r t o n t h e w o r k i n g p a r t y on t h e i m p l i c a t i o n s of A u t o m a t i c D a t a P r o c e s s i n g f o r a r c h i v a l management w h i c h had been h e l d i n S p o l e t o , I t a l y , i n May. The C a n a d i a n r e p r e s e n t a t i v e was M i c h a e l C a r r o l l who was e l e c t e d S e c r e t a r y and E d i t o r o f t h e b u l l e t i n

s.

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c h a n g e s i n t h e c o n s t i t u t i o n w e r e a d o p t e d , o n e a d d i n g a t h i r d v o t i n g member i n t h e c a s e of f e d e r a l c o u n t r i e s , t h e o t h e r i n c r e a s i n g t h e membership of t h e E x e c u t i v e Committee from t e n t o t w e l v e . A new d u e s s t r u c t u r e , b a s e d on g r o s s n a t i o n a l p r o d u c t p e r c a p i t a was a p p r o v e d . T h i s i n c r e a s e d t h e c o n t r i b u t i o n of PAC from $100 t o

$710. The new d u e s a r e $50 f o r p r o v i n c i a l a r c h i v e s w i s h i n g "cen- t r a l a r c h i v e s " s t a t u s , $15 f o r o t h e r a r c h i v a l i n s t i t u t i o n s , $50 f o r n a t i o n a l a r c h i v a l a s s o c i a t i o n s and $10 f o r i n d i v i d u a l members. I n

t h e e v e n i n g a l l d e l e g a t e s w e r e i n v i t e d t o a c o n c e r t

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a m a r v e l l o u s d i s p l a y of R u s s i a n d a n c i n g .

S e s s i o n s c o n t i n u e d f o r t h e n e x t 2-112 d a y s , a p l e n a r y s e s - s i m b e i n g h e l d i n t h e H d i i of Columns I n t h e morning w i t h o t h e r s e s s i o n s , and sometimes c o n c u r r e n t , i n t h e a f t e r n o o n . P l e n a r y s e s - s i o n s were on "New T e c h n i q u e s i n A r c h i v e s " , " F i n d i n g Aids" and

" A r c h i v e s o f D e v e l o p i n g C o u n t r i e s " . " S e c t i o n s i t t i n g s " were on a r c h i v e s o f l i t e r a t u r e and a r t , a r c h i t e c t u r a l r e c o r d s and f i l m s and p h o t o g r a p h s . These s e s s i o n s w e r e r a t h e r s p a r s e l y a t t e n d e d s i n c e most d e l e g a t e s were t a k i n g a d v a n t a g e of t h e w i d e r a n g e of t o u r s o f t h e c i t y and i t s many i n t e r e s t i n g b u i l d i n g s , s h o p p i n g a n d g e t t i n g a c q u a i n t e d w i t h c o l l e a g u e s from many c o u n t r i e s .

The f i n a l s e s s i o n o f t h e G e n e r a l Assembly was h e l d on F r i - day a f t e r n o o n , August 25. The agenda was c o n t i n u e d from t h e f i r s t s e s s i o n . One o f t h e f i r s t i t e m s was t h e e l e c t i o n of o f f i c e r s . F.T. Dolgik'n, a s e x p e c t e d , was e l e c t e d P r e s i d e n t , Guy Dubosque o f F r a n c e and J . B . Rhoads of t h e USA w e r e e l e c t e d V i c e P r e s i d e n t s f o r t h e E a s t e r n and W e s t e r n Hemispheres. I t i s u n d e r s t o o d t h a t f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e t h e Western V i c e P r e s i d e n t w i l l s u c c e e d t o t h e P r e s i d e n c y and t h e n e x t Congress i n 1976 w i l l b e i n Washington. I was among t h e new members e l e c t e d t o t h e E x e c u t i v e Committee. I

t o o k my p l a c e on t h e p r e s i d i u m and was i n f o r m e d t h a t I would h a v e a p r i v a t e c a r and d r i v e r a t my d i s p o s a l . The E x e c u t i v e Committee r e t i r e d t o d i s c u s s r e s o l u t i o n s , l e a v i n g t h e 1300 d e l e g a t e s w a i t i n g f o r a b o u t a n h o u r . Then t h e r e s o l u t i o n s , 29 i n number c o v e r i n g t h e s u b j e c t s o f a l l t h e s e s s i o n s , were r e a d and a p p r o v e d . The new P r e s i d e n t and o t h e r s gave c l o s i n g s p e e c h e s and a l l p a r t i c i p a n t s i n t h e Congress w e r e i n v i t e d t o a r e c e p t i o n a t t h e H o t e l A d l e r . The f i r s t a r r i v a l s found a l a r g e room w i t h t a b l e s l a d e n w i t h f o o d and wine. T h e r e was a b r i e f f r a n t i c s c e n e of h u n d r e d s of h u n g r y d e l e g a t e s s u r g i n g a r o u n d t h e t a b l e and i n a few m i n u t e s n o t a crumb o r d r o p was l e f t . The l a t e r a r r i v a l s h a d t o b e c o n t e n t w i t h l i s t e n i n g t o s p e e c h e s and t o a s t s i n s e v e r a l l a n g u a g e s o v e r a l o u d - s p e a k e r .

The C o n g r e s s o r g a n i z i n g c o m m i t t e e had a r r a n g e d w i t h In- t o u r i s t t o , c o n d u c t s e v e n p o s t - C o n g r e s s t o u r s w i t h i n t h e USSR.

These t o u r s , a p p r o x i m a t e l y o n e week i n d u r a t i o n , began and ended i n Moscow. The p r i c e , p a i d i n a d v a n c e , i n c l u d e d t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , ac- commodation, m e a l s and g u i d e d e x c u r s i o n s a t e a c h c i t y v i s i t e d . I

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c h o s e Tour No. 6 t o L e n i n g r a d , K i e v and Volgograd. On Sunday m o r n i n g , August 2 7 , a l l t h o s e g o i n g on t h e t o u r s w e r e a s s e m b l e d i n t h e l o b b y of t h e U k r a i n i a H o t e l when t h e members o f e a c h t o u r were i d e n t i f i e d by t h e I n t o u r i s t g u i d e a s s i g n e d t o e a c h . We d i s - c o v e r e d t h a t t h e Tour 6 g r o u p c o n s i s t e d o n 5 Germans, 2 V e n e z u e l a n s 2 French l a d i e s and 1 B e l g i a n , 2 men from t h e V a t i c a n , 2 I t a l i a n s , 1 B u l g a r i a n , 1 S p a n i a r d and 1 Canadian. Our g u i d e , Tanya, s p o k e o n l y R u s s i a n and E n g l i s h , b u t F r e n c h and German s p e a k i n g g u i d e s were p r o v i d e d f o r t h e e x c u r s i o n s i n e a c h c i t y . I n a s h o r t t i m e we were a l l good f r i e n d s and s e t t l e d down t o a r o u t i n e of r e p o r t i n g t o s p e c i f i e d b u s e s a t p r e c i s e t i m e s .

The h i g h l i g h t s o f t h e two d a y s v i s i t t o L e n i n g r a d w e r e a morning s p e n t i n t h e famous H e r i t a g e museum and a n a f t e r n o o n a t P e t r o d v o r e t s ( p e t e r ' s P a r k ) t h e R u s s i a n e q u i v a l e n t of V e r s a i l l e s . S i n c e t o u r s o v e r l a p p e d t o some e x t e n t we f r e q u e n t l y m e t f r i e n d s i n a i r p o r t s , h o t e l l o b b i e s and r e s t a u r a n t s .

H i g h l i g h t s of t h e two d a y s i n K i e v were v i s i t s t o S t . S o p h i a C a t h e d r a l and t h e c e n t r a i a r c h i v e s o f t h e U k r a i n e . A t t h e a r c h i v e s we w e r e met by t h e D i r e c t o r , M r . Mityukov, whom I h a d met a t meet-

i n g s o f t h e T a b l e Ronde i n Bonn and Moscow. He a s t o n i s h e d e v e r y - body by g r e e t i n g me a s a s p e c i a l g u e s t , e m b r a c i n g me, a s s i g n i n g a p e r s o n a l i n t e r p r e t e r s o we c o u l d c o n v e r s e d u r i n g t h e g u i d e d t o u r . We s p e n t an h o u r i n e a c h o f f o u r d e p a r t m e n t s

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r e s t o r a t i o n and m i c r o f i l m , f o r e i g n a f f a i r s , cinema and l i t e r a t u r e and a r t . The a r c h i v e s b u i l d i n g was new, o c c u p i e d i n 1 9 7 0 , and t h e e x t e r i o r r e - sembled t h e P u b l i c A r c h i v e s o f Canada, p l a n s o f w h i c h had b e e n ob- t a i n e d . A l r e a d y a l a r g e a d d i t i o n f o r f i l m a r c h i v e s was b e i n g con- s t r u c t e d . The f o u r - h o u r t o u r was f o l l o w e d by a one-hour f i l m on t h e U k r a i n e a f t e r which we a s s e m b l e d i n t h e boardroom f o r r e f r e s h - m e n t s . M r . Mityukov p r o p o s e d a t o a s t t o me, r e f e r r i n g t o my e l e c - t i o n t o t h e E x e c u t i v e Committee of ICA, and I r e p l i e d on b e h a l f o f o u r g r o u p . We w e r e a l l g i v e n c o p i e s of a r c h i v e s p u b l i c a t i o n s and t h e D i r e c t o r p r e s e n t e d me w i t h a s p e c i a l l y - b o u n d s e t and a l s o a b o t t l e of h i s f a v o u r i t e w i n e . What we h a d e x p e c t e d t o b e a b r i e f a f t e r n o o n v i s i t f i n a l l y ended a t 8 p.m. when t h e r e f r e s h m e n t s w e r e a l l consumed.

I n Volgograd ( f o r m e r l y S t a n l i n g r a d ) we h a d a t o u r o f t h e c i t y , v i s i t s t o t h e m a g n i f i c e n t w a r m e m o r i a l , a h y d r o p l a n t , a p l a n e t a r i u m and t h e c i t y a r c h i v e s and a l s o went t o a c i r c u s and had a h y d r o f o i l r i d e down t h e Volga. The c i t y a r c h i v e s had a l a r g e s t a f f (50) a l l women e x c e p t t h e D i r e c t o r . We h a d l i t t l e o p p o r t u n - i t y t o examine t h e h o l d i n g s s i n c e t h e b r i e f t i m e a l l o c a t e d f o r t h e v i s i t was o c c u p i e d by r e f r e s h m e n t s and t o a s t s . Mgr. Burns and I v i s i t e d t h e m i l i t a r y museum, a l t h o u g h i t was n o t p a r t o f t h e t o u r , and saw t h e many g i f t s w h i c h h a d b e e n s e n t t o t h e d e f e n d e r s o f S t a n l i n g r a d d u r i n g World War 11.

Back i n Moscow a l l t h e t o u r s ended w i t h a s p e c i a l d i n n e r of s t u r g e o n , c a v i a r , c h i c k e n K i e v , i c e cream, c o f f e e and vodka. We t h e n d i s p e r s e d a f t e r f o n d f a r e w e l l s . A l l of u s f e l t t h a t t h e p o s t - Congress t o u r s gave u s a l l a b e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d i n g of t h e USSR t h a n a v i s i t o n l y t o Moscow would h a v e done.

(5)

The C a n a d i a n s who a t t e n d e d t h e s e v e n t h C o n g r e s s were t i r s . I s o b e l D o b e l l , Mrs. Eve d e Langley, Mrs. Mabel Good, I%ne d e S a i n t - P i e r r e , F r a n ~ o i s B a u d i n , J. M a r t e l , Edwin Welch, W.D. Wheeler and W i l f r e d S m i t h .

CONFERENCE COVERAGE: ANNUAL MEETING OF

L'ASSOCIATION DES ARCHIVISTES DU QUEBEC, 1 9 7 3

DANIEL HICKEY McGlLL UN1VEZ:SITY ARCHIVES

The a n n u a l m e e t i n g o f 1 ' A s s o c i a t i o n d e s A r c h i v i s t e s d u Qu6bec was h e l d a t T r o i s - R i v i s r e s on t h e 5 t h and 6 t h o f May 1973.

The f i r s t day o f t h e m e e t i n g c o n s i s t e d o f a series of f i v e o r - g a n i z e d workshops d e v o t e d t o s p e c i f i c a r c h i v a l a c t i v i t i e s : Re- c o r d s C e n t r e s , c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f H i s t o r i c A r c h i v e s , C l a s s i f i c a t i o n Systems f o r Records Management, Guides and R e s e a r c h T o o l s and P r o b l e m s o f A c c e s s i b i l i t y . The f i v e worksnops w e r e h e l d c o n c u r - r e n t l y i n o r d e r t o e n a b l e a f u l l d i s c u s s i o n of t h e q u e s t i o n s u n d e r s t u d y i n e a c h s e c t i o n , however t h i s f o r m a t p r e v e n t e d a t t e n d a n c e a t more t h a n o n e s e c t i o n . The workshops became t h e v e h i c l e s f o r p r o p o s i n g r e s o l u t i o n s f o r t h e b u s i n e s s m e e t i n g on May 6 t h .

The r e s o l u t i o n s e v e n t u a l l y p r e s e n t e d r e f l e c t e d t h r e e m a j o r p r e o c c u p a t i o n s : t h e s t r u c t u r i n g of w o r k s h o p s , t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t of c o u r s e s i n a r c h i v e s and t h e r a t i f i c a t i o n o f a s e c t i o n on Records Management.

The workshops w e r e c r i t i c i s e d f o r b e i n g o r i e n t e d toward l e c t u r i n g w i t h t o o l i t t l e t i m e a l l o t e d t o d i s c u s s i o n . R e s o l u t i o n s s p o n s o r e d by C a r o l C o u t u r e and ~ n d r d F r e n i P r e w e r e b o t h d i r e c t e d toward r e s t r u c t u r i n g t h e p r e p a r a t i o n of workshops. It was r e s o l v e d t h a t n e x t y e a r t h e membership of e a c h workshop s e c t i o n s h o u l d b e d e t e r m i n e d two months i n a d v a n c e o f t h e a n n u a l m e e t i n g . The p a r - t i c i p a n t s e x p r e s s i n g i n t e r e s t i n e a c h s e c t i o n s h o u l d b e c o n t a c t e d by t h e d i r e c t o r o f t h e s e c t i o n i n o r d e r t o e n s u r e a n a d e q u a t e p r e p a r a t i o n f o r d i s c u s s i o n and d e b a t e o f t h e p r o b l e m s t o b e t r e a t e d . A s e c o n d r e s o l u t i o n by F r a n g o i s Beaudin s u g g e s t e d t h a t a round t a b l e b e o r g a n i z e d i n which h i s t o r i a n s c o u l d e x p l a i n t h e p r o b l e m s i n v o l v e d i n i n i t i a t i n g l s t , 2nd and 3 r d y e a r u n i v e r s i t y s t u d e n t s i n t h e u s e o f a r c h i v e s . S i s t e r Vachon, Andr'e F e r n i e r e and m y s e l f s p o k e t o t h e r e s o l u t i o n e n l a r g i n g i t i n two ways. It was r e s o l v e d t h a t s t u d e n t s and p r o f e s s o r s f r o m o t h e r d i s c i p l i n e s ( H i s t o r y o f A r c h i t e c t u r e , H i s t o r y o f S o c i o l o g y , H i s t o r y of S c i e n c e ) s h o u l d a l s o b e i n v i t e d i n o r d e r t o d e m o n s t r a t e t h e a v e n u e s which a r e b e i n g e x p l o i t e d i n a r c h i v a l c o l l e c t i o n s by s t u d e n t s b o t h i n s i d e and o u t s i d e t h e a c t u a l h i s t o r y d e p a r t m e n t s .